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GENERAL METHODOLOGY OF OUR MARKET REPORTS
Secondary Market Research
 The reports are compiled based on secondary market research. Secondary research is information gathered from previously published sources. Our reports are
solely based on information and data acquired from national and international statistical offices, industry and trade associations, business reports, business and
company databases, journals, company registries, news portals and many other reliable sources. By using various sources we ensure maximum objectivity for
all obtained data. As a result, companies gain a precise and unbiased impression of the market situation.
 Cross referencing of data is conducted in order to ensure validity and reliability.
 The source of information and its release date are provided on every chart. It is possible that the information contained in one chart is derived from several
sources. If this is the case, all sources are mentioned on the chart.
 The reports include mainly data from the last 12 months prior to the date of report publication. Exact publication dates are mentioned in every chart.
Definitions
 The reports take into account a broad definition of B2C E-Commerce, which might include mobile commerce. As definitions may vary among sources, exact
definition used by the source (if available) is included at the bottom of the chart.
Chart Types
 Our reports include text charts, pie charts, bar charts, rankings, line graphs and tables. Every chart contains an Action Title, which summarizes the main
idea/finding of the chart and a Subtitle, which provides necessary information about the country, the topic, units or measures of currency, and the applicable time
period(s) to which the data refers. With respect to rankings, it is possible that the summation of all categories amounts to more than 100%. In this case, multiple
answers were possible, which is noted at the bottom of the chart.
Report Structure
 Reports are comprised of the following elements, in the following order: Cover page, preface, legal notice, methodology, definitions, table of contents,
management summary (summarizing main information contained in each section of report) and report content (divided into sections and chapters). When
available, we also include forecasts in our report content. These forecasts are not our own; they are published by reliable sources. Within Global and Regional
reports, we include all major developed and emerging markets, ranked in order of importance by using evaluative criteria such as sales figures.
Notes and Currency Values
 If available, additional information about the data collection, for example the time of survey and number of people surveyed, is provided in the form of a note. In
some cases, the note (also) contains additional information needed to fully understand the contents of the respective data.
 When providing information about amounts of money, local currencies are most often used. When referencing currency values in the Action Title, the EUR
values are also provided in brackets. The conversions are always made using the average currency exchange rate for the respective time period. Should the
currency figure be in the future, the average exchange rate of the past 12 months is used.

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METHODOLOGY OF THE CURRENT REPORT
Report Coverage
 This report covers the online payment market. It takes into account a wide definition of online payment, including payment methods used in online shopping and
mobile payment, such as remote and proximity payments.
 All major countries in the region are covered, while data availability varied across the markets.
 The report includes data mostly published in 2015. The exact date of publication of the source is stated on each chart. The time period which the data refers to
differs by source.
Report Structure
 The countries in the region are presented in the descending order of B2C E-Commerce sales. Besides country and regional data, information about global
development is also included.
 Depending on data availability, the following types of market information are included: the payment methods most used in online shopping, number and volume
of online and mobile payment transactions, information about online and mobile payment users. Not all the mentioned types of information are available for each
of the covered countries. For the leading country in the region, also online and mobile payment trends, including regulatory trends, and news about major market
players, such as payment providers, are presented.

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DEFINITIONS
 ONLINE PAYMENT
Transfer of money made over the Internet following a consumer’s payment command, includes payments for product
and service purchased in (B2C) E-Commerce and M-Commerce.
 MOBILE PAYMENT
A wide definition of mobile payments includes remote payments made in M-Commerce and proximity payments made
in-store, such as via QR code scanning and NFC technology.
 MOBILE PROXIMITY PAYMENT
A mobile payment where the merchant and the consumer are present in the same location and the interaction between
the consumer’s device (card, mobile device) and the POS is conducted using a proximity technology (e.g. NFC).
 NFC
Near Field Communication, a set of standards for smartphones and similar devices to create radio communication by
bringing them close together or having them touch each other. In that way, contactless data exchange and transactions
can take place.
 ALTERNATIVE PAYMENTS
Generally refers to payment methods other than credit card or bank card payments. Widely defined, alternative online
payment methods include bank transfers and direct debit, digital wallets, pre-paid cards and private label cards, invoice,
and digital currency. May also include cash on delivery and card schemes by local companies other than global card
brands.
 DIGITAL WALLET
Also known as E-Wallet. A prepaid digital account, allowing users to store money and use it in online or mobile
transactions.
 E-MONEY Short for electronic money. Money which is exchanged electronically using digitally stored values.
 B2C E-COMMERCE The sale of products (and services) through electronic transactions via the Internet from businesses to consumers.
 M-COMMERCE
M-Commerce, also called “Mobile Commerce”, means the sale of products (and services) through transactions via
mobile devices.
 ONLINE SHOPPING
Purchase of products or services by consumers via the Internet. Broadly defined, may include business to consumer
and consumer to consumer transactions.
The following expressions and definitions are used in this B2C E-Commerce market report*:
Note: *the definitions used by the original sources might differ from the ones stated on this chart; the exact definition used by each source, where available, is included on the respective
charts

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (1 OF 6)
1. Management Summary
2. Global Developments
• Online and Mobile Payment Trends and News about Players, H1 2015
• Online Payment Trends and News about Players, H2 2015
• Breakdown of E-Commerce Sales by Cards and Alternative Payment Methods, by Region , in %, 2014 & 2019f
• Non-Cash Payment Methods Used in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, 2015
• Share of Online Shoppers Paying with Cash on Delivery, in %, by Selected Emerging Markets, 2015
• Share of Online Shoppers Who Would Drop out of Purchase if the Preferred Method is Displayed on the Website but is not Available at the
Checkout, in %, September 2015
• Share of Consumers Who Are Satisfied with the Payment Methods Used, by POS, Browser and Mobile, in % of Consumers in Selected
Developed Countries, June 2015
• Payment Methods Used in M-Commerce, in % of Surveyed Mobile Phone Users, February 2015
• Mobile Payment User Penetration, in % of Shoppers, by Selected Regions and the USA, 2014
• Main Criteria For Adopting Innovative Payment Methods, in % of Consumers in Selected Developed Countries, by Very Important and
Rather Important, June 2015
• Perception of Security of Mobile Payments, by Selected Regions, and by Age Group, in % of Shoppers, 2014
• Mobile Payment Users Penetration, by Product/Service Category, by UK, France, Germany, Italy, USA, Japan, Australia, Spain, China, in
% of Mobile Phone Users, 2014
• Types of Mobile Payments Used for Purchasing Non-Digital Goods, by UK, France, Germany, Italy, USA, Japan, Australia, Spain, China,
in % of Mobile Phone Users, 2014
• Types of Mobile Payments Used for Purchasing Non-Digital Services, by UK, France, Germany, Italy, USA, Japan, Australia, Spain, China,
in % of Mobile Phone Users, 2014
• Share of Online Shoppers Who Would Use Digital Currency, in % of Online Shoppers, by Selected Countries and Territories, 2014
3. Asia-Pacific
3.1. Regional
• Mobile Payment User Penetration, in % of Shoppers, by China, Japan, South Korea and Regional, 2014

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (2 OF 6)
3. Asia-Pacific (Cont.)
3.1. Regional (Cont.)
• Share of Online Shoppers Paying with Cash on Delivery and Share of Online Shoppers Paying with Credit and Debit Cards for Online
Purchases, in %, August 2015
• Breakdown of Payment Methods Used to Pay for Taxi Ordered through a Mobile Application, in %, August 2015
• Digital Payment Methods Used, by Emerging and Developed Markets, in % of Consumers, August 2015
• Top Reasons for Using Online Payment Services, in % of Online Payment Service Users, August 2015
3.2. China
• Online and Mobile Payment Trends and News about Players, H1 2015
• Online and Mobile Payment Trends and News about Players, H2 2015
• Share of Online Shoppers Who Used Digital Payment Systems to Pay for Online Purchases, in %, 2015
• Payment Methods Used in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, 2014
• Number of Online Payment Users, in millions and in % Share of Internet Users, December 2012, December 2013, December 2014, June
2015
• Breakdown of Electronic Payment Users by Gender, by Payment Method Type, in %, 2014
• Third-Party Online Payment GMV, in CNY trillion, and in % Year-on-Year Change, 2012 - 2018f
• Breakdown of Third-Party Online Payment GMV, in %, and Total, in CNY trillion, Q2 2014 - Q2 2015
• Breakdown of Third-Party Online Payment GMV, by Providers, in %, 2013 & 2014
• Online Payment Service Providers Used, in % of Online Payment Users, December 2014
• Alipay’s Share of Total Payments for Online Purchases, in %, 2010 and 2014
• Mobile Payment Transactions’ Share of Total Online Payments, in %, 2014 & 2015
• Number of Mobile Payment Users, in millions and in % Share of Mobile Internet Users, December 2014 & June 2015
• Third-Party Mobile Payment GMV, in CNY trillion, and in % Year-on-Year Change, 2010 – 2014
• Third-Party Mobile Payment GMV, in CNY trillion, and in % Year-on-Year Change, 2012 - 2018f
• Third-Party Mobile Payment GMV, in CNY billion, and in % Year-on-Year Change, Q3 2014 - Q3 2015
• Number and Value of Electronic Payment Services Transactions, by Segment, incl. Online and Mobile, in billions and in CNY trillion, and in
% Year-on-Year Change, Q2 2015

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (3 OF 6)
3. Asia-Pacific (Cont.)
3.2. China (Cont.)
• Reasons for Using Mobile Payments Offline, in % of Internet Users Using Mobile Payment Offline, August 2015
• Breakdown of Third-Party Mobile Payment Transaction Volume, by Provider, in %, 2014 & Q3 2015
• Breakdown of Mobile Payment Market by Provider, in %, Q3 2015
3.3. Japan
• Online and Mobile Payment Trends and News about Players, H1 2015
• Payment Methods Used in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, January 2015
• Payment Methods Used in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, by Gender, January 2015
• Breakdown of Most Used Online Payment Methods, in % of Online Payment Users, July 2015
• Breakdown of Preferred Devices Used for Making Online and Mobile Payments, in % of Online Payment Users, by Age Group and Total,
July 2015
• Mobile Wallet Penetration, in % of Mobile Phone Owners, and Mobile Wallet Use, in % of Mobile Wallet Owners, August 2015
• Number and Value of Electronic Money Transactions, in millions and in JPY billions, and in % Year-on-Year Change, 2010-2014
• Value of Electronic Money Transactions, in JPY trillion, 2014 & 2021f
• Ways of Using E-Money, incl. “Using Smartphone or Mobile Phone”, in % of Internet Users, December 2014
• Brands of E-Money Used, in % of Internet Users Who Used E-Money, December 2014
3.4. South Korea
• Online and Mobile Payment Trends and News about Players, H1 2015
• Payment Methods Used in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, October 2015
• Payment Methods Used in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, by Age Group and Gender, September 2014
• Activities Carried out via Mobile Instant Messengers, incl. Payment, in % of Mobile Instant Messenger Users, August 2015
• Share of Customers Who Have Used Mobile Payment Tools, in %, August 2015
• Share of Mobile Payment Users Starting to Use Mobile Payment in the Past Year, in %, August 2015
• Breakdown of Frequency of Use of Mobile Payments in Online Shopping, in % of Mobile Payment Users, August 2015

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (4 OF 6)
3. Asia-Pacific (Cont.)
3.4. South Korea (Cont.)
• Reasons for Using Mobile Payment Services, in % of Mobile Payment Service Users, March 2015
• Barriers to Using Mobile Payment Services, in % of Smartphone Users Who Do Not Use Mobile Payment Services, March 2015
3.5. Australia
• Selected Payment Methods Used in Financial Transactions, incl. BPAY and Online Banking, in % of Adults, 2008, 2011, 2014
• Breakdown of Awareness and Usage of Mobile Payments, in % of Smartphone Users, February 2015
• Number of Contactless Cards, in millions, 2010, 2014 & 2019f
• Share of Shoppers Preferring to Use Contactless Payments, by Selected Regions, in %, October 2015
3.6. India
• Online and Mobile Payment Trends and News about Players, H1 2015
• Breakdown of Preferred Payment Methods in B2C E-Commerce, in % of Online Shoppers, 2014
• Payment Methods Used in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, 2015
• Payment Methods Preferred in Online Shopping, by Gender, in %, July 2015
• Breakdown of Major Factors Which Encourage Online Shopping, incl. Payment, in % of Online Shoppers, December 2014
• Share of Cash on Delivery of E-Commerce Orders, in %, 2015e
• Value and Volume of Payment Transactions by Selected Non-Cash Payment Methods, incl. Mobile Wallets, in millions and in INR billion,
FY 2014-2015 & First 8 Months of FY 2015-2016
• Payment Methods Used in Cross-Border Online Shopping, in % of Cross-Border Online Shoppers, October 2015
• Payment Methods Offered by Top 5 Mobile Shopping Apps, September 2015
• Mobile Wallet Market Size, in USD million, 2014 & 2020f
3.7. Indonesia
• Breakdown of Preferred Payment Methods in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, 2014

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (5 OF 6)
3. Asia-Pacific (Cont.)
3.7. Indonesia (Cont.)
• Payment Methods Used in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, August 2015
• Online Payment Methods Used in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, 2014
• Breakdown of Reasons for Not Using Online Payments When Shopping Online, in %, August 2015
• Reasons for Choosing a Particular Payment Method, in % of Online Shoppers Preferring the Method, 2014
• Awareness of Mobile Money, by Demographic Group, in % of Individuals in Each Group, November 2014
• Mobile Money, Bank and Nonbank Financial Institution Access and Use, in % of Individuals, November 2014
• Awareness of Mobile Money Providers, in % of Individuals Aware of at Least One Mobile Money Provider, November 2014
3.8. Thailand
• Payment Methods Used in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, May 2015
• Value and Volume of Online Payment, in THB billion and in millions, by Bank, Non-Bank and Total, 2010 – 2014 & Q1 - Q3 2015
• Value and Volume of Mobile Payment, in THB billion and in millions, by Bank, Non-Bank and Total, 2010 – 2014 & Q1 - Q3 2015
3.9. Taiwan
• Breakdown of Preferred Payment Methods in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, 2014
3.10. Hong Kong
• Payment Methods Used in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, August 2014
• Main Considerations in Online Shopping, incl. Payment, in % of Online Shoppers, December 2014
3.11. Vietnam
• Payment Methods Used in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, 2013 & 2014
• Payment Methods Offered, in % of E-Commerce Companies, 2014

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (6 OF 6)
3. Asia-Pacific (Cont.)
3.11. Vietnam (Cont.)
• Breakdown of Online Payment Service Providers Used, in % of E-Commerce Companies, 2014
3.12. Malaysia
• Number of Users of Network-Based E-Money, in millions, and in % Year-on-Year Change, 2011 – 2014 & H1 2015
3.13. Pakistan
• Share of Consumers Who Have Used Mobile Money and Who Have a Mobile Money Account, in %, December 2014
• Top Purposes of Using Mobile Money, in % of Mobile Money Users, 2014
• Mobile Money Providers Used, in % of Mobile Money Users, 2013 & 2014

13. 1. Management Summary 13 – 16
2. Global Developments 17 – 34
3. Asia-Pacific
Regional
China
Japan
South Korea
Australia
India
Indonesia
Thailand
Taiwan
Hong Kong
Vietnam
Malaysia
Pakistan
35 – 114
35 – 40
41 – 60
61 – 70
71 – 79
80 – 83
84 – 93
94 – 101
102 – 104
105 – 105
106 – 107
108 – 110
111 – 111
112 – 114
13

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In January 2015, “Credit Card” (87%) was the payment method most
used by online shoppers in Japan, followed by “Bank Transfer” (44%).
Japan: Payment Methods Used in Online Shopping, in % of Online Shoppers, January 2015
Note: does not add up to 100% due to multiple answers possible; only answers with total share of respondents above 1% were ranked
Survey: based on a survey of 1,045 respondents, conducted online in January 2015; question asked “Which settlement method do you use when shopping over the Internet“?;
base of respondents for this question was 946 respondents, including 457 men and 489 women, ages 20 to 60
Source: VLC and Reposen, May 2015
1.5%
1.6%
1.6%
2.0%
3.0%
3.7%
4.0%
30.3%
36.6%
44.1%
86.9%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Nanaco
Suica
Waon
WebMoney
PayPal
Site-Specific Gift Card
Rakuten Edy
Convenience Store Payment
Cash on Delivery
Bank Transfer
Credit Card

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As of August 2015, 44% of mobile payment users in South Korea relied
on them for their online purchases “Up to three times per month”.
South Korea: Breakdown of Frequency of Use of Mobile Payments in Online Shopping, in % of Mobile
Payment Users, August 2015
Up to Three Times per
Month
44.4%
At Least Once per Week
23.0%
Others
32.6%
Note: based on a survey of 2,500 individuals aged 19+ conducted in August 2015
Source: Bank of Korea cited by Yonhap News, January 2016

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