In a patriarchal society, rules are based on gender, and India’s property & inheritance laws have historically been oppressive to women. Things began to improve after independence & more so in recent years. Since India lacks a uniform civil code, claims to property and succession depend on the claimants’ religious beliefs.

1. Indian Women's Understanding Of Property &
Inheritance Laws
In a patriarchal society, rules are based on gender, and India's property &
inheritance laws have historically been oppressive to women. Things began to
improve after independence & more so in recent years. Since India lacks a uniform
civil code, claims to property and succession depend on the claimants' religious
beliefs. However, regardless of their affiliation with a particular faith, group, or
sect, women are treated slightly differently under inheritance laws than males.
Daughters and wives now have some relief thanks to recent changes to Hindu
inheritance laws for women. Although there have been some minor revisions in
recent years that do not affect inheritance or property rights, the Islamic Laws for
Women are still distinct and stricter. Christian law is more permissive.
Are you searching flats for rent in Kharghar?
Each religion, though, has its own set of laws. There is the Hindu Succession
Amendment Act 2005, the Hindu Succession Act 1956, and more. The Indian
Succession Act of 1925 and the Muslim Personal Law Application Act of 1937
follow. They will be referred to as Hindu Law, Muslim Law, and Christian Law in this

2. context. Hindus, Jains, Buddhists, and Sikhs are all subject to Hindu law. The
article's conclusion may help you better comprehend women's inheritance rights
and inheritance laws.
Let's use the example of the following circumstance to further appreciate how
property laws might affect women's life.
How Women's Property Laws Affect Their Quality of Life
Think about a scenario where Priyanka marries and moves in with her spouse in his
office space. Her husband's parents-in-law maintain a separate residence that they
built a few years ago. Anita's husband passes away after two years of marriage
without leaving a Will or accumulating any property. Priyanka must leave the office
apartment. They won't let her stay with her in-laws despite her request. She visits
her parents, but her brother forbids her from staying with them. Priyanka's brother
lives there with his family because her father passed away intestate (without
leaving a Will). Now, where can Priyanka go? What does she possess that is hers?
Let's take a closer look at the property rules that apply to women in order to find a
solution to this issue.
Hindu Law's Property and Inheritance Rules for Women
Since ancient times, property laws for women have changed significantly. Even
after gaining independence and establishing the laws, numerous modifications
have brought women's rights in the patriarchy on par with those of men. Currently,
Hindu women are subject to the following inheritance regulations.
Rights to property for daughters
Like her siblings, a daughter is entitled to an equal part of the property owned by
her parents (the mother and the father). She co-owns the ancestral property with
her brothers and is liable for the same debts associated with it. If a married
daughter is abandoned, widowed, or divorced, she may request maintenance or

3. housing at her parents' home. A daughter has full ownership rights to any property
or asset that is given to her in a will or by gift once she reaches adulthood.
Wife's Property Rights
A married woman has complete control over her personal property, which she is
free to sell, give as gifts, or otherwise dispose of, in accordance with Hindu
Succession Law. In the event of a HUF, she is entitled to housing, assistance, and
maintenance from her husband and his family (Hindu Undivided Family). She
receives the same portion as everyone else when her husband & her children
divide the land. Additionally, in the event of her husband's passing, she would be
entitled to an equal share of the assets that would otherwise be split among her,
her children, and his mother.
Mother's Property Rights
As a Class I heir, a mother receives an equal portion of the assets left by her
deceased son, together with his wife & children. A mother is entitled to an equal
portion of the property as each of her children if the children divide the family
asset following the father's passing. She has a right to maintenance and housing
from her qualified children. She has complete control over her belongings and
resources and is free to use them however she pleases. However, all of her
children will inherit her possessions equally when she passes away.
Sister's Rights to Property
Sisters who are Class II heirs—mother, wife, and children—can only inherit from
their deceased brother if he had no Class I heirs.

4. Property Rights of an In-Law Daughter
The rights of a daughter-in-law are severely restricted by the Hindu Succession
Act's inheritance regulations for women. A daughter-in-law has no claim to the
assets that her in-laws own, whether they were gained through inheritance or self-
procurement. She can only obtain ownership of these assets through her
husband's part of the inheritance.
Rights to Property for a Divorced Woman
A divorced woman is entitled to maintenance & alimony but is not permitted to
establish a claim against her ex-assets. husband's the husband is recognized as the
owner if the property is registered in his name. If the property is co-owned, the
wife must demonstrate her involvement in the purchase. According to women's
property regulations, she would thus only be eligible for the share up to the
amount she contributed to the aforementioned property. Whether or whether the
man has remarried, the wife & children are entitled to their inheritance on the
guy's property in the event of a separation without a legal divorce.
property rights of a widow who has remarried
Along with the other Class I heirs—the husband's mother and children—a widow
receives an equal portion of the estate. The Hindu Widow Remarriage Act of 1856
required the widowed wife to renounce her claim to her ex-property husband's in
the event that she remarried. However, according to Section 24 of the Hindu
Succession Act of 1956, the widow will own her half of the property if she is still
single at the time the property allocation is decided and marries long later.
Rights to Property of a Second Wife
Polygamy is prohibited by the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955, and a man is only
allowed to have one legitimate wife at a time. So, a key consideration in this case is
whether the second marriage was legal. The second wife is a Class I heir to the
man's property if he marries again after the death of his first wife or following a

5. legal divorce. If not, the second wife will not inherit the deceased man's property;
but, her children from this marriage will.
Christian law's property and inheritance rules for women
Let's examine the inheritance laws for women in different types of relationships in
light of Christian law, which also applies to Jews and Parsis.
Rights to Property as a Daughter
Along with her siblings, a daughter would receive an equal share of both of her
parents' assets. Until she marries, she is given care and support by her parents. She
is then her husband's responsibility to maintain. As long as she is a minor, her
father will continue to be her natural guardian. She is fully entitled to her personal
property now that she is a legal adult.
Wife's Property Rights
A woman is entitled to maintenance from her spouse as a wife. She has the right to
seek for divorce on this ground if he refuses to give it. Christian women's
inheritance rules state that a widow is only entitled to one-third of her husband's
assets, with the remaining property being shared equally among the deceased's
children. If there are no children, she receives half of the assets. The mark
indicates that the wife must receive at least INR 5000 from her deceased husband.
Women's Property Rights
Christian women's property laws do not regard mothers as being dependent on
their offspring. A woman is not entitled to maintenance if she is a mother.
However, the mother is entitled to one-fourth of the asset if the deceased child
was not married and had no children.
Women who are divorcees, widows who have remarried, or second wives continue
to be subject to the same inheritance regulations as under Hindu law.

6. Islamic/Muslim Property & Inheritance Laws for Women
This law adheres to Sharia law and has different requirements than laws from
other religions.
Rights to Property as a Daughter
The faith holds that a woman is only worth half as much as a male. Daughters
receive half of what sons receive under the inheritance laws in this country for
women. However, a woman has total authority over her possessions and is free to
manage, sell, gift, or dispose of them as she pleases. Daughters are entitled to live
in their parents' homes up to marriage & after widowhood or divorce if they don't
have any or only little children. It is the children's job to care for their mother once
they are old enough to do so.
Wife's Property Rights
A married woman has complete ownership over her own assets and other items,
according to Sharia property regulations for women. She is entitled to support
from her husband, any reasonable expenses incurred during the divorce, and the
"Mehr" sum agreed upon during the marriage. If she is the sole wife left after her
husband passes away and there are no children in the marriage, she will receive
one-fourth of his assets and one-eighth if there are. If the deceased husband had
multiple wives, each wife's inheritance would be cut in half, or around one-
sixteenth. A husband's will can enhance the wife's fortune to a certain level in the
absence of additional sharers.
Mother's Property Rights
A mother who is widowed or divorced is entitled to support from her children as
well as a one-sixth inheritance of the estate of her deceased child. Her own
property is distributed in accordance with Islamic law.

7. According to Islamic inheritance laws for women, a divorcee receives her "Mehr"
sum and separates herself from her husband & his family. She is not the
beneficiary of any assets left to her by a late ex-husband. The same is true for a
widow who has remarried and is therefore not entitled to any property rights from
her deceased husband. According to Islamic law, a second wife is a legitimate
spouse with the same privileges as a first or third wife.
Indian Women's Property and Inheritance Laws: Maintenance
The following is described for support of spouses, children, and parents in Section
125 of Criminal Procedure:
If someone refuses to keep the following items up, even with the available means:
 wife who is incapable of caring for herself
 does not look after small children, whether they are legitimate or not
 Neither parent is capable of caring for themselves.
In such a situation, the Indian Court may mandate the payment of a monthly
allowance for the support of dependents.
Information from Other Nations: Inheritance Laws
The language used in inheritance laws in western & European nations like the USA,
Germany, and France is gender neutral. While in India, terminology like sons,
daughters, parents, children, and spouses are used. By using such language, it is
implied that everyone, regardless of gender, is entitled to inherit the property. If
this approach is adopted in India, then the country will have gender-neutral
inheritance laws.
The Last Word on Women's Property Laws
Let's now attempt to address the fundamental issue of Anita's upkeep and
inheritance. Anita does not have a right to her in-law’s land, and she must accept
their decision if they choose not to give her sanctuary. However, Anita is qualified

8. to inherit from her father's assets. Anita, her brother, and her mother should each
receive an equal share of the estate because her father passed away without
leaving a will. Anita will then be able to inherit a portion of her father's wealth and
perhaps even find safety in the family mansion. She can also check her late
husband's accounts, insurance policies, and legal claims to discover if he named
her as a nominee. When she needs financial assistance, this would be a blessing.
Women now have some semblance of legal rights because to reforms made to
women's property legislation and several court rulings. You must be aware of your
legal rights under women's inheritance laws so that no one may take your
belongings away from you.
You’re looking for Projects in Bandra we have the Best Properties In Mumbai Like Ready to
Move:https://navimumbaihouses.com/properties/search/bandra/
If you want daily property update details please follow us on Facebook
Page / YouTube Channel / Twitter