1. NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Definition and burden.
By:
Ahmad Abid bin Abas (2)
Ahmad Asyraf bin Mohamed (3)

2. Defining NCDs
• Diseases of long duration, generally slow
progression and they are the major cause of
adult mortality and morbidity
worldwide.(WHO 2005)
• 4 major NCDs contributing most of NCDs
deaths:
– CVD, Cancer, Chronic respiratory disease, DM

3. Global burden of NCDs

5. • Of the 57 million global deaths in 2008, 36
million or 63% were due to NCDs.
• Annual NCD deaths are projected to rise to 52
million by 2030, accounting for 75% of all
deaths
• Reference : WHO publications, Regional Office
for South East Asia.

6. ECONOMIC BURDEN

7. How to Calculate the Econ. Burden of
Health Problems?
1) The cost of illness approach (COI)
(most common method used)- medical cost,
on-medical cost and income losses.
2) The economic growth approach (value of lost
output)
3) The value of statistical life approach (VSL)

8. E.g. - Economic Growth Approach,(impact
on NCDs mortality to GDP

9. Demonstrating the Economic Burden
of NCDs

10. Demonstrating the Economic Burden
of NCDs

11. Disease Economy

12. Disease Economy
• General Perspective :
- Deprive individual’s health and productive potential
- Challenges household’s income and savings
- Compete investment’s activities
• Countries’ Perspective :
- Reduce life expectancy and economy downturn
- Depleting country’s labour force
- Lower GDP and GNI

13. References
• WHO working paper : An estimation of
economic impact of chronic NCDs in selected
countries. (2006)
• A report from World Economic Forum and the
Harvard School of Public Health.
(September 2011)