Architectural Working Drawings - الرسومات التنفيذية المعمارية

1. Introduction to
Working Documents
Dr. Yasser Mahgoub

2. The Project Cycle

3. Construction Documents
Drawings
Contract Forms
Specifications
General and supplementary
conditions
Bidding Requirements
Other

4. Drawings
Construction drawings show, in graphic and
quantitative form the:





extent,
configuration,
location,
relationships, and
dimensions

5. Drawings
They generally contain:






site and building plans,
elevations,
sections,
details,
diagrams, and
schedules

6. Drawings
In addition to drawn information, they may
include:
 Photographs
 Graphics
 Printed schedules
 Specifications
(for small projects)

8. Drawings
Definition:
A set of drawings is an
organized presentation of
the project.

9. Sample Projects

10. Example
• For small projects, working drawings and details can be
integrated in small number of sheets.

11. Example
• For medium projects, a sufficient number of drawings need
to be developed to cover all the required details.

12. SITE PLAN
• The site plan should show
the location of the building
in relation to the site
boundaries.
• All landscape elements,
streets and pedestrian
walkways should be
indicated and dimensioned.
• A reference point should
be identified to related the
building to GPS.

13. PLANS
• All plans should be drawn scale 1;100 showing centerlines,
walls, openings, external dimensions, internal dimensions,
materials, etc.

14. SECTIONS
• Sections should illustrate vertical information including
levels, materials, dimensions, corresponding centerlines
and details cross-referencing.

15. ELEVATIONS
• Elevations should illustrate exterior finishing materials,
levels, dimensions, centerlines, and details crossreferencing.

16. WALL SECTIONS
• Wall sections illustrate
exterior façade design
detailing. They are
extremely important
illustration to ensure the
final appreance of the
design.

17. Working Drawings
Highlights

18. Plans

19. Plans
All necessary dimensions

20. Plans
Stair symbols

21. Plans
Window and door identification marks

22. Plansrooms & spaces
Titles or numbers for all

23. Plans
Materials symbols

24. Plans
Levels

25. Plans
All structural features

26. Plans
Bath Rooms

27. Sections
Show interior features

28. Sections
Show complete vertical dimensions

29. Sections
Indicate materials

30. Elevations
Grid lines

31. Elevations
All necessary dimensions

32. Elevations
Slabs Levels

33. Elevations
Materials

34. Stairs
Details

35. Stairs
Details

36. Wall Sections
• Show all materials in
their proper location
and thickness.
• Tie the section into
the cross-reference
system

37. Drawings
Sequence and sheet Formats
Organization:
 Site work
 Architectural drawings
 Structural
 Mechanical
 Plumbing
 Electrical
 Any special disciplines
COVER
SHEET

38. Drawings
Sequence and sheet Formats
Standards:
 Sheet size
 Layout
 Title blocks

39. Drawing Sheet Coordinate System
D
1
2
3
4
5
A
1
Drawing may comprise
one or more modules.
B
MODULE C4
B
Each module is
identified by a letter
and a number.
C
C
D
Module identification
is established by the
coordinates for the
lower left hand
corner of the module.
A
2
3
4
5

40. Drawing Blocks
Drawing Blocks
DRAWING BLOCKS
Drawing modules
containing graphic
or textural info
are called drawing
blocks.

41. Note Blocks
Note Blocks
The Note Block
is the module or
modules in the
drawing area for
General Notes,
Keynotes, and
Key Plans.

42. Title Block Area
Margins
Same as Drawing Area
Formats
Horizontal Text
Vertical Text
Data Blocks
Designer Identification
Project ID Block
Issue Block
Management Block
Sheet Title Block
Sheet ID Block

43. Title Block Format (1)
Title Block Formats
Horizontal Text Format:
Title block text is oriented
parallel to the bottom of the
sheet.
The horizontal text format is
the most commonly used, and
is the preferred format.

44. Title Block Formats
Vertical Text Format:
Title block text is oriented
parallel to the right side of the
sheet.
Sheet title and sheet ID
remain oriented parallel to the
bottom of the sheet.

45. Basic Sheet Layout
Title Block
Area
Drawing Area
Production
Data Area

46. Drawing Block Format
Column Grid & Dimension Area
Graphic &
Notation Area
Drawing blocks that contain
plans, elevations, sections, and
details are organized in a
format that includes the
elements shown.
Margin
Title Area
Drawing Module
Lines

47. Drawing Block Format - Sample
GRID
XXXX
XXX
XX
XX
XXXXX
XXXXX
XXX
C3
A sample drawing block
showing a simple plan layout.
XX
XXXX
XXXX
XXX
SECTION
X:X
Note the column grid and
dimension area (shaded), the
graphic and notation area, the
drawing block title area, and
the margins.

48. DRAWING SYMBOLS
Lines
CL
Object Lines
Dimension/Extension Lines
Hidden/Invisible Lines
Center Lines

49. DRAWING SYMBOLS
Graphic Symbols - General
4
A-6
7
A-5
Wall Section
Detail Section
BB
A-4
Building Section
6
Revision Marker

55. Reference Symbols
refer reader to another part of the
document
Examples:
D2
21 0 2
4
Graphic Scales
A-512
Detail Indicator
3
Sheet Keynote
2
VESTIBULE
101
Room Identifier
Column Grid
Indicator

56. Note Blocks Note Blocks
The Note Block
is the module or
modules in the
drawing area for
General Notes,
Keynotes, and
Key Plans.

57. Sheet Keynotes
GENERAL SHEET
NOTES
1. IIII II III III IIII IIII
2. II III II II IIIII III
3. II IIIII II IIII IIIIII
4. I II IIII III IIIIIII II
5. III I II IIII IIIII III
REFERENCE
KEYNOTES
IIIII.I
IIIII.I
IIIII.I
IIIII.I
IIIII.I
III III IIII II
II II IIIII II
I II IIII III
III IIIIIII II
IIII IIIII III
SHEET
KEYNOTES
1
III III IIII II
2
III III II II IIII
3
IIII II I II IIII
Order of
Sequence:
General Notes
Reference Notes
Sheet Keynotes

58. 03300.A
03200.A
03200.A
(#4 BARS)
Reference Keynotes
in Drawing Block
REFERENCE KEYNOTES
DIVISION 3 - CONCRETE
03200.A REINFORCING STEEL
03200.B WELDED WIRE MESH
03300.A CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE
Reference Keynotes
in Note Block

59. SHEET KEYNOTES
2
1
2
Sheet Keynotes
in Drawing Block
EXISTING FLOOR DRAIN
DASHED LINE INDICATES
SOFFIT ABOVE
Sheet Keynotes
in Note Block

60. Drawings
CONDOC SYSTEM
G General project requirements
Site work
TS
SB
SD
C
L
Topographic survey
Soil borings data
Site demolition
Civil
Landscaping

61. Drawings
CONDOC SYSTEM
Major disciplines
S
M
P
FP
E
Structural
Mechanical
Plumbing
Fire Protections
Electrical

62. Drawings
CONDOC SYSTEM
Special elements
ID
FS
SG
FF
AA
Etc.
Interior design
Food service
Signage/graphics
Furniture/furnishings
Asbestos abatement

63. Drawings
CONDOC SYSTEM
Major disciplines
A Architecture
A000, A001, etc.
A100, A101, etc.
A200, A201, etc.
A300, A301, etc.
A400, A401, etc.
A500, A501, etc.
A600, A601, etc.
Schedules, master keynote, legend, general notes
Plans
Exterior elevations, Sections
Vertical circulation, core plan and details
Reflected ceiling plans, details
Exterior envelope, details
Architecture interiors

64. Drawings
Title Block







Name, address, and phone number of the architectural firm
Project title and address
Owner's name and address
Drawing title and sheet number
Names and addresses of consultants
Notation of who worked on the drawing, including cjecking
Dates drawings were issued (such as for bid, permit, and
construction)
 Dates of revisions
 Architect's seal and signature (when required)
 Copyright information

65. Drawings
Drawings should also include the basic information required
to orient the user, such as:
 Key plans (showing location of partial plans in relation to
the whole)
 North arrows
 Scales for drawings (graphic scales are normally included
in case drawings are reduced or CAD generated)

66. Drawings
The Cartooning Process
Most firms lay out the drawings very early in the project.
 To establish roughly how many and what kinds of plans,
sections, elevations, details, schedules, and other graphic
elements will be prepared.
 Scale and size on sheet
 Order
 Interrelationships
COVER
SHEET

67. WD CARTOON SET Assignment
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Use A4 size paper to develop a rough sketch of your WD set.
Determine the order of drawings and number ( __ of __ )
Sketch by hand the rough size of each drawing on each sheet
Determine the scale needed (for example, plans should be at
1:100)
Convert the real dimensions of the building drawings to the
desired scale and show on your papers
Make sure that all drawing fit on the size sheet plottable area
Label each drawing, include the scale
Add north arrow when appropriate
Add descriptive text if known (such as window sill detail, east
elevation, etc.)
Add sheet names, numbers, and drawing title in the border

68. END