this document contains the loads used in the construction

1. Structural Designer:
Youkhanna Zayia Dinkha , May 3, 2021
Design Loads Required to be Considered
1. Dead Loads (DL):
 Self-Weight of Truss members
 Other permanent service loads
2. Live Load (LL):
 According ASCE7-16
3. Snow Loads: for Duhok City, average Height Above Sea level = 565m,
For flat roofs snow load =
ℎ−400
400
= use 0.5 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2
For inclined roof, the load must be corrected according to the following table
Slope Angle in degrees Reduction Factor
25 1.0
30 0.9
35 0.8
40 0.7
45 0.6

2. Structural Designer:
Youkhanna Zayia Dinkha , May 3, 2021
4. Rain Load:
R = 0.01(ds + dh)
dh=Additional depth of water on the undeflected roof above the inlet of secondary
drainage system at its design flow (i.e., the hydraulic head), in (mm).
ds=Depth of water on the undeflected roof up to the inlet of secondary drainage
system when the primary drainage system is blocked (i.e., the static head), in
(mm).
R=Rain load on the undeflected roof, in (kN/m2). When the phrase "undeflected
roof" is used, deflections from loads (including dead loads) shall not be considered
when determining the amount of rain on the roof.
5. Wind Load:
For Duhok City, Design wind speed VS = 38 m/s (136.8 km/h),
Dynamic Pressure of the wind, q = 0.061 (Vs)2
, where Vs in km/h
ASCE7-16
6. Seismic Loads:
Buildings in Duhok city must be designed to resist seismic base shear and
according to Iraqi zone map:
If UBC-97 code is used: Seismic zone-3
If ASCE code is used:
SS = the mapped MCE spectral response acceleration at short periods = 0.7
S1= the mapped MCE spectral response acceleration at a period of 1 s = 0.2