Renewable Europe Project Book

Enerji Verimliliği Derneği ve Gençlik Katılımı ve Kültürlerarası Diyalog Derneği tarafından AB Gençlik Programları Eylem
5.1 Projesi “Renewable Europe / Energy Efficiency & Green Economy Summit – Yenilenebilir Avrupa Zirvesi” Projesi
kapsamında hazırlanmıştır. Bu proje T.C. Başbakanlık DPT AB Eğitim ve Gençlik Programları Merkezi Başkanlığı
(http://www.ua.gov.tr) Gençlik Programı kapsamında ve Avrupa Komisyonu'ndan sağlanan hibeyle gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Ancak burada yer alan görüşlerden AB Eğitim ve Gençlik Programları Merkezi Başkanlığı veya Avrupa Komisyonu
sorumlu tutulamaz."

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INDEX

Preface......................................................................................................................................................5
Energy Efficiency Association ...................................................................................................................6
Youth Participation and Intercultural Dialogue Association ....................................................................7
Project Team ......................................................................................................................................... 10
Youth in Action Programme and Action 5.1 ......................................................................................... 11
Summit Schedule ................................................................................................................................... 20
Renewable Europe Summit ................................................................................................................... 22
Participatory Countries and Organizations ........................................................................................... 26
Opening Speeches ................................................................................................................................. 34
Presentations ........................................................................................................................................ 41
Seminar Sessions .................................................................................................................................. 93
Country Presentations ........................................................................................................................ 122
Declaration .......................................................................................................................................... 236
Activities Pictures ................................................................................................................................ 238

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PREFACE
The young is the future, energy is the future, too. The
common ground of those two important facts is, as for,
today. Today, the young should be provided the
opportunity that they could express their ideas freely,
they should perform the original ideas they express and
we should give them important roles in the plans about
the future.

Energy is the source of life and the future of the people.
The lack of such an important source, the poverty of which is experienced even today, and the
manner of procurement that source should be determined today.

It is very a significant gain in the name of human kindness that the people who will live tomorrow are
doing something about an important problem of future. I can say that it is pleasure for us to present
such a considerable issue with such a qualified team and to declare the expressions of the young
internationally by that report.

Our thirty-five guests from nine European countries and twenty-five young from our country had
been talking about “energy” for one week. The president of KOSGEB Mustafa KAPLAN, The Turkey
Director of BM UNIDO Süleyman YILMAZ and many more privileged guests shared their experiences,
their works at national and international stages and the works which should be performed in future
within the frame of sessions and presentations.

In June 2011, we hosted young people from European. Within the frame of “International Green
Economy Symposium and Expo”, which will be held in September 2012, together with our European
guests, we will host young from all over the world, nearly from hundred countries. We will talk about
“Green Economy” and the participation of young in that process. We will announce our common
mind, the contribution that we can give that process and our desires to the world.

That report and the declaration which was eventually published are also important because of their
being a new beginning. At the end of that event, the view of young from European about the world
issues, the culture of collaboration, the common mind which they present for the solution, the
practice and presentation of the roles in the practice gave us hope and encouraged us about our next
event, about its productivity, its getting more participants and about its having more idea and more
solution.

We decided with the ones who will live the future: We are in Turkey on May 2012. A more crowded
youth group from all over the world will be with us, too.

If you care to join us, we will be waiting for you.

Erkan GÜRKAN
The President of Enver Association
The President of TEVEM Execution Committee

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Energy Efficiency Association (ENVER)

ENVER Association was formed as a non-governmental
organization. It’s primary purpose is to create awareness to be able
to use the energy efficiently and productive, besides, to be
researched scientifically and technically and to increase the
awareness by sharing the results with public enterprises and
citizens.

Turkey Energy Efficiency Assembly was founded with the aims of
contributing to constitute the policies about energy and energy
efficiency, creating awareness about using the energy efficiently
and co-operating with this target to realize.

A joint declaration was published, by TEVEM with the participants, which are charter members
ENVERDER, TOBB ,TİM, MÜSİAD, TÜSİAD, TUSKON, ASKON, URAK, TSE, TÜGİK, YBTB, EGD and
DEKTMK in 26.03.2009. The target was determined as ‘’ Billions of Dollars Savings Every Year’’ and
the slogan is ‘’ Turkey! Use Your Energy Efficiently and Save Your Billions of Dollar Per Year’’.

For the present, many activities have been arranged with the participation of civil society, public
authorities, academia, business world and youth and contributed to the studies of energy efficiency
as national.

As ENVERDER and TEVEM, we would like to organize an activity which is about Green Economy at the
date of September 2012 in Istanbul within the frame of schema concept founded in the appendix. By
doing this, we aim to enrich our national reservoir with international ones.

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Youth Participation and Intercultural Dialogue Association

YPIDA, was founded in Ankara, Turkey in 2008. The goals of our
association are:

• To develop the creativity of young people,

• To recognize problems releted with them,

• To find solutions for their problems,

• To provide support to them,

• To support them to join the decision of self-development in accordance with their interests,

• To conduct projects with other youth organizations and young people at national and international
level related with world peace, global warming, environment, youth employment, community
development and violence prevention,

• To create new project ideas, in order to develop intercultural dialogue, tolerance and conduct
international projects and Youth Exchanges Programmes.

Furthermore, Youth Participation Association participates to the projects of Turkish National Agency and
other public agencies.

Our Mission

• Coaching young people to reach their goals.

• Training young people to produce new ideas and to share them.

• Helping young people to learn about another cultures.

• Helping to Increase their organizational awareness.

• Focusing on the problems of young people and supporting their relationship with civil society

• Performing studies directed to improve the youth employment in all areas.

Our Vision

• Supporting youth policies, preparing and supporting projects in related field. representing youth
policies in several platforms.

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Performed Projects

• YOUTH & EMPLOYMENT; DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES
Action 1.1 Youth Exchanges
TR-11-210-2009-R2
02 – 09 August 2011
Ankara / TURKEY
Austria, Estonia, Finland, Romania, Slovenia, Turkey
32 youngsters
We had planned activities for those young people, whom were divided into five groups, each
group comprised one person for each country. They recorded five different short films about
“Youth and Employment”.

• WHAT IS YOUR OBSTACLE in TAKING PHOTO?
Action 1.1 Youth Exchanges
TR-11-143-2010-R1
01 – 16 July 2010 / İstanbul, Eskişehir, Ankara / TURKEY
Bulgaria, Hungary, Italy, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey
32 youngsters
According to activities, we visited three cities with the participants. They tooked photographs
related with disabled people. We display our pictures and video in a exhibition which was held in
Ankara.

• RENEWABLE EUROPE / Energy Efficiency and Green Economy Summit
Action 5.1 Meetings of young people and those responsible for youth policy
TR – 51 – 14 -2011 – R1
27 June – 02 July 2011, Antalya / TURKEY
Italy, Spain, Slovenia, Portugal, Romania, Israel, England, Germany, Poland
50 youngsters
The subjects of depleted resources, renewable energy sources and green economy were discussed
in the seminar and workshops which were organized within the scope of project. With the project,
e-learning system was put into service to inform youth and youth workers, our European partners
made their presentations about good practice examples of energy efficiency and youth presented
to European Commission by signing a decleration which is about energy efficiency.

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Upcoming Project

• ADVANCED JOURNALISM and MEDIA TRAINING / MACBET
Action 3.1 Training and Networking
TR-31-112-2011-R4
09 – 15 January 2012
Ankara / TURKEY
Albania, Azerbaijan, Croatia, Egytp, Germany, Italy, Jordan, Kosovo, Macedonia, Palestine, Poland,
Romania, Slovenia, Spain
42 younsters
MACBET targets to take the first steps to make a network between 42 young journalists, media
workers and volunteers who come from 15 different NGOs and countries which are Middleat East,
Africa, Caucasus, Balkans, Europe ve Turkey. Because, the media has a key role on the intercultural
dialog and societies. We, who understand the importance of it, want to play host to coalesce the
different cultures and to bring together the east and west synthesis by setting up a network with
young journalists who have different geography, culture and life style.

Activities
• Speaking House
Speaking House from YPIDA is an interactive learning community based on the idea that active
language proficiency can be attained best by a familiar and authentic learning environment. We
develop sessions for youngsters where they can easly learn English, Spanish and German.
• Children Afternoon
YPIDA volunteers develop every two weeks a children activities that help them to get involve with
the responsabilities of active volunteerism, and gives the children participants an space to share
and learn all together.
• Social Activities
YPIDA organization creates one social activity per month.We bring people with social desabilities
and handycaps to our association center,where we develop games and trainings based in a non
formal education.
• We are organising conferences and meetings in universities such as Hacettepe, Atılım, Gazi,
Eskişehir Osmangazi and Maltepe on Youth Proogramme, EVS, project implementation and Project
Cycle Management (PCM).

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PROJECT TEAM

Mustafa Yalçın – Project Legal Representative

Onur Oğuz Dellal – Project Director

Tuğba Çanşalı – Project Coordinator

Kaan Güzelsu – Project Contact Person

Beren Erdemir – Communication Coordinator

Laura Mar Rosello Paz – Media Coordinator

Enver Umut Ülker – Project Assistant

İslam Güre – Summit Programme Speaker

İrem Ersoy – Country Mentor

Şeyma Piştav – Country Mentor

10

YOUTH IN ACTION PROGRAMME

Action 5.1
meetings of young people and those
responsible for youth policy

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GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT YOUTH IN ACTION PROGRAMME

By Decision N° 1719/2006/EC of 15 November 2006, the European Parliament and the Council
adopted the Youth in Action Programme for the period 2007 to 2013 which put into place the legal
framework to support nonformal learning activities for young people.

The Youth in Action Programme aims to respond at European level to the needs of young people
from adolescence to adulthood. It makes an important contribution to the acquisition of
competences through nonformal learning as well as to the promotion of young people's active
participation in society.

It supports the new youth policy framework for European Cooperation in the youth field adopted in
2009, which outlines a cross-sectoral approach to youth issues with a view not only to creating more
and equal opportunities for all young people in education and in the labour market ("employability
dimension") but also to promoting the active engagement, social inclusion and solidarity of all young
people ("participation dimension").

It also contributes to supporting the 'Youth on the Move flagship initiative of the EU 2020
Strategy4 which puts young people at the centre of the EU's agenda to create an economy based on
knowledge, innovation, high levels of education and skills, adaptability and creativity, inclusive
labour markets and active involvement in society.

Finally, Youth in Action also fits into the context of the new EU competences conferred by the Lisbon
Treaty (article 165 (2)), which calls the European Union to encourage the participation of young
people in democratic life in Europe.

The Youth in Action Programme builds on the experience of the previous Youth for Europe
Programme (l989-1999), the European Voluntary Service (1996-1999) and the YOUTH Programme
(2000-2006). It has been adopted after wide consultation with the different stakeholders in the
youth field. An interim evaluation of the YOUTH Programme was carried out in 2003, receiving input
from a wide variety of specialists, stakeholders and individuals involved in the Programme. An ex
ante evaluation was also used in putting together the Youth in Action Programme.

The implementation of the present Programme Guide (and of the additional specific calls for
proposals) of the Youth in Action Programme is subject to the following conditions:
• adoption by the Commission of the annual work plan for the implementation of the Youth in
Action Programme, after its referral to the Programme Committee
• adoption by the European Parliament and the Council of the necessary appropriations for
Youth in Action within the framework of the annual budget of the European Union.
• The participation of Croatia and Switzerland as Youth in Action Programme Countries as of 1
January 2011 is subject to the completion of all necessary formal steps that are pre-requisite
for their participation.

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1. What are the objectives, the priorities and the important features of the Youth in Action
Programme?
Objectives
The general objectives stated in the legal basis of the Youth in Action Programme are to:
• promote young people’s active citizenship in general and their European citizenship in
particular
• develop solidarity and promote tolerance among young people, in particular in order to
foster social cohesion in the European Union
• foster mutual understanding between young people in different countries
• contribute to developing the quality of support systems for youth activities and the
capabilities of civil society organisations in the youth field
• promote European cooperation in the youth field.

Priorities
These general objectives shall be implemented at project level, taking into consideration permanent
priorities and annual priorities.

Permanent priorities
European citizenship
Making young people aware that they are European citizens is a priority of the Youth in Action
Programme. The objective is to encourage young people to reflect on European topics and to involve
them in the discussion on the construction and the future of the European Union. On this basis,
projects should have a strong 'European dimension' and stimulate reflection on the emerging
European society and its values.

European dimension is a broad conceptual term. To reflect this, a Youth in Action project should
offer young people the opportunity to identify common values with other young people from
different countries in spite of their cultural differences.

Projects should also stimulate young people to reflect on the essential characteristics of European
society and, above all, encourage them to play an active role in their communities. To feel European,
young people must become aware of the fact that they play a role in the construction of the current
and future Europe. Therefore, a project with a European dimension should not only 'discover'
Europe, but also - and most importantly - aim to build it.

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Participation of young people
A main priority of the Youth in Action Programme is the active participation of young people in their
daily life. The overall aim is to encourage young people to be active citizens. Participation takes the
following dimensions, as laid down in the Council Resolution on the common objectives for
participation by and information for young people:
• to increase the participation by young people in the civic life of their community
• to increase participation by young people in the system of representative democracy
• to provide greater support for various forms of learning to participate.
Projects funded under the Youth in Action Programme should reflect these three dimensions by
using participatory approaches as a pedagogical principle for project implementation.
The following points highlight key principles of participatory approaches in Youth in Action projects:
• offering space for inter-action of participants, avoid passive listening
• respect for individual knowledge and skills
• ensuring influence over project decisions, not simply involvement
• participation is a learning process as much as an outcome
• an approach and attitude rather than a specific set of technical skills.

Participatory approaches emphasise behavioural principles. These include:
• reversing the traditional roles of outside ‘experts’ (a reversal of learning - from extracting to
empowering)
• facilitating young people to undertake their own analysis (handing over the stick)
• self-critical awareness by facilitators
• the sharing of ideas and information.
Participatory techniques are not just tools. The participatory approach is also a state of mind, an
attitude.
In a broad sense, this priority should be seen as a key method which will enable young people to take
an active part in any Youth in Action project at all stages of its development. In other words, young
people should be consulted and be part of the decision making process that may affect their
projects.
Moreover, the Youth in Action Programme encourages young people to get involved in projects that
have a positive impact for the community in general.
Cultural diversity
The respect for cultural diversity together with the fight against racism and xenophobia are priorities
of the Youth in Action Programme. By facilitating joint activities of young people from different
cultural, ethnic and religious backgrounds, the Programme aims to develop the intercultural learning
of young people.
As far as the development and implementation of projects are concerned, this means that young
people participating in a project should become aware of its intercultural dimension. The project
should stimulate awareness and reflection on the differences in values. Young people should be
supported to respectfully and sensitively challenge viewpoints that perpetuate inequality or
discrimination. Furthermore, intercultural working methods should be used to enable project
participants to participate on an equal basis.
Inclusion of young people with fewer opportunities
An important priority for the European Union is to give access to all young people, including young
people with fewer opportunities, to the Youth in Action Programme.
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Young people with fewer opportunities are young people that are at a disadvantage compared to
their pers because they face one or more of the situations and obstacles mentioned in the non-
exhaustive list below. In certain contexts, these situations or obstacles prevent young people from
having effective access to formal and non-formal education, trans-national mobility and
participation, active citizenship, empowerment and inclusion in
society at large.
• Social obstacles: young people facing discrimination because of gender, ethnicity, religion,
sexual orientation, disability, etc.; young people with limited social skills or anti-social or risky
sexual behaviours; young people in a precarious situation; (ex-)offenders, (ex-)drug or
alcohol abusers; young and/or single parents; orphans; young people from broken families.
• Economic obstacles: young people with a low standard of living, low income, dependence on
social welfare system; in long-term unemployment or poverty; young people who are
homeless, young people in debt or with financial problems.
• Disability: young people with mental (intellectual, cognitive, learning), physical, sensory or
other disabilities.
• Educational difficulties: young people with learning difficulties; early school-leavers and
school dropouts; lower qualified persons; young people with poor school performance.
• Cultural differences: young immigrants or refugees or descendants from immigrant or
refugee families; young people belonging to a national or ethnic minority; young people with
linguistic adaptation and cultural inclusion problems.
• Health problems: young people with chronic health problems, severe illnesses or psychiatric
conditions; young people with mental health problems.
• Geographical obstacles: young people from remote or rural areas; young people living on
small islands or peripheral regions; young people from urban problem zones; young people
from less serviced areas (limited public transport, poor facilities, abandoned villages).

Youth groups and organisations should take appropriate measures to avoid exclusion of specific
target groups. However, it is possible that young people confronted by one specific situation or
obstacle face a disadvantage compared to their peers in one country or region, but not in another
one.
The Youth in Action Programme is a Programme for all, and efforts should be made to include young
people with special needs.
Beyond accessibility to all, the Youth in Action Programme also aims at being a tool to enhance the
social inclusion, active citizenship and employability of young people with fewer opportunities and to
contribute to social cohesion at large.

An Inclusion Strategy has been designed for the Youth in Action Programme, as the common
framework to support the efforts and Actions which the Commission, Member States, National and
Executive Agencies and other organisations undertake to make inclusion a priority in their work.

Annual priorities
In addition to the above-mentioned permanent priorities, annual priorities may be fixed for the
Youth in Action Programme and communicated on the Commission, Executive Agency and National
Agencies' websites.

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For 2011, the annual priorities are the following:
• European Year of Volunteering
This priority is intended to encourage projects aimed at raising awareness of the value and
importance of volunteering as a form of active engagement and as a tool to develop or improve
competences for personal, social and professional development.

• Youth unemployment
This priority is intended to encourage projects promoting the access of unemployed young people to
the Youth in Action Programme. Priority will also be assigned to projects tackling the issues of youth
unemployment and/or aimed at stimulating unemployed young people's mobility and active
participation in society.
• Inclusive growth
This priority is intended to encourage projects addressing the issue of poverty and marginalisation
and encouraging young people's awareness and commitment to tackling these issues for a more
inclusive society. In this context, special emphasis shall be placed in particular on the inclusion of
young migrants, disabled young people, and where relevant Roma youth.

• Global environmental challenges and climate change
This priority is intended to encourage projects aimed at raising young people's awareness and
mobilization around global environmental challenges and climate change as means to encourage the
development of "green" skills and behaviors among young people and youth workers and their
commitment to a more sustainable growth.

• Creativity and entrepreneurship
This priority is intended to encourage projects - especially youth initiatives - aimed at stimulating
young people's spirit of initiative, their ability to think imaginatively and originally, their readiness to
take risk and their ingenuity in order to achieve economic, political, social or environmental goals.

• EU-China Year of Youth (only for Action 2 and sub-Action 3.2)
Additionally, within the Actions open to cooperation with other Partner Countries of the World,
special attention will be devoted to projects aimed at encouraging dialogue, cooperation and
exchanges in the field of youth between the European Union and China as a means to contribute to
the EU-China Year of Youth 2011.

Important features of the Youth in Action Programme
The following features of the Programme deserve special attention. Some of them are presented in
more detail on the Commission website.

Non-formal learning
The Youth in Action Programme provides important opportunities for young people to acquire
competences. Therefore it is a key instrument for non-formal and informal learning in a European
dimension.

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Non-formal learning refers to the learning which takes place outside formal educational curriculum.
Non-formal learning activities involve people on a voluntary basis and are carefully planned, to foster
the participants' personal, social and professional development.
Informal learning refers to the learning in daily life activities, in work, family, leisure, etc. It is mainly
learning by doing. In the youth sector, informal learning takes place in youth and leisure initiatives, in
peer group and voluntary activities etc.

Non-formal and informal learning enables young people to acquire essential competences and
contributes to their personal development, social inclusion and active citizenship, thereby improving
their employment prospects. Learning activities within the youth field provide significant added
value for young people as well as for the economy and society at large such as capacity-building of
organisations, benefits for communities, systems and institutions.

Non-formal and informal learning activities within the Youth in Action Programme are
complementary to the formal education and training system. They have a participative and learner-
centred approach, are carried out on a voluntary basis and are therefore closely linked to young
people's needs, aspirations and interests. By providing an additional source of learning and a route
into formal education and training, such activities are particularly relevant to young people with
fewer opportunities.

A high-quality non-formal learning dimension is a key-aspect of all projects supported by the Youth in
Action Programme. This is notably reflected in the award criteria of the different Actions and sub-
Actions, the supportive approach of the Commission, Executive Agency and National Agencies
towards the target groups of the Programme, the definition of rights and responsibilities in European
Voluntary Service, and, finally, the emphasis put on recognition of the non-formal learning
experience.
Projects funded by the Youth in Action Programme have to adhere to the non-formal learning
principles. These are:
• learning in non-formal contexts is intended and voluntary
• education takes place in a diverse range of environments and situations for which training
and learning are not necessarily the sole or main activity
• the activities may be staffed by professional learning facilitators (such as youth
trainers/workers) or volunteers (such as youth leaders or youth trainers)
• the activities are planned but are seldom structured by conventional rhythms or curriculum
subjects
• the activities usually address specific target groups and document learning in a specific, field
oriented way.

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ACTION 5.1 – MEETINGS OF YOUNG PEOPLE AND THOSE RESPONSIBLE FOR YOUTH POLICY
Objectives
This sub-Action supports cooperation, seminars and Structured Dialogue between young people,
those active in youth work and youth organisations and those responsible for youth policy. The
structured dialogue can take form of seminars, conferences and other events organised at local,
regional, national or international level in order to establish a platform for debates between all the
interested parties and enable them to formulate postulates and translate them into concrete actions.
What is a Meeting of young people and those responsible for youth policy?
A project has three phases:
• planning and preparation
• implementation of the Activity
• evaluation (including reflection on a possible follow-up).
Non-formal learning principles and practice are reflected throughout the project.
A project under Action 5.1 is developed with a view to implementing one or more of the following
Activities:
• National Youth Meeting: taking place at local, regional, and national level in the Programme
Countries with a view to a) offering space for debate, consultation, active participation and
information on issues which are relevant to Structured Dialogue or European Union policies
and topics, or b) preparing the ground of the official youth conference to be organised by the
Member State holding the turn of Presidency of the European Union, or c) organising
activities linked to the European Youth Week, or d) enhancing crosssectoral dialogue and
cooperation between formal and non-formal education areas. A National Youth Meeting may
also consist of a series or combination of the above activities
• Trans-national Youth Seminar: gatherings of young people and policy-makers aimed at
discussing, exchanging ideas and best practice, and/or adopting recommendations around
topics centred on the priorities and objectives of the Structured Dialogue and the renewed
political framework in the youth field12. National Youth Meetings or Trans-national Youth
Seminars can be preceded by activities of consultation of young people on the topics dealt
with during the meeting (e.g. online consultations and questionnaires, group surveys, etc.).
What a Meeting of young people and those responsible for youth policy is not?
The following activities in particular are NOT eligible for grants under sub-Action 5.1:
• academic study trips
• exchange activities which aim to make financial profit
• exchange activities which can be classed as tourism
• festivals
• holiday travel
• language courses
• performance tours
• school class exchanges
• sports competitions
• statutory meetings of organisations
• political gatherings
• work camps

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Youthpass
Every person who has taken part in a Youth in Action project under Action 1.1, Action 1.2, Action 3.1
(Youth Exchanges and Training Courses), Action 2, and Action 4.3 (Training Courses) is entitled to
receive a Youthpass Certificate, which describes and validates the non-formal and informal learning
experience and outcomes acquired during the project.
Issuing a Youthpass Certificate supports learning processes within the Youth in Action projects and
enhances the quality of the projects. More support can be found in the Youthpass Guide and other
educational publications, available at www.youthpass.eu.
All Youthpass Certificates have a common structure, a coherent layout, and contain the following
information:
• personal details about the participant
• general description of the relevant Action of the Programme
• key information concerning the project and the activities realised by the participant
• description and assessment of the participant's learning outcome during the project.
Through Youthpass, the European Commission ensures that participation in the Programme is
recognised as an educational experience and a period of non-formal learning and informal learning.
This document can be of great benefit for the personal, future educational or professional pathway
of the participant.
Each beneficiary of a Youth in Action grant under the Actions concerned is responsible for:
• informing all participants involved in the project that they are entitled to receive a Youthpass
Certificate
• issuing such Certificates to all participants who request one.
These obligations are specified in the model of grant agreement between the beneficiary and the
relevant National or Executive Agency.
The technical solution for beneficiaries to issue Youthpass Certificates is available at
www.youthpass.eu.

19

WHY RENEWABLE EUROPE SUMMIT?

It is predicted that by the year 2030, 70% of world population will be living in cities. People want to
urbanize and make use of favors in cities as much as they can. All over the world there is a migration
from small cities to big cities and mega cities. Some people think that it’s a stage of modernizing.
Since men learned how to roll the arms of a machine by vapor’s power, many bended metals,
merged plastics, cooked soil surrounded us. Coal, petrol and rivers have served for modernization.
Then radioactive elements, gases extracted from thousands meter depth, winds, boiling water and
temperature of the sun have been mobilized for people to take advantage of modern life.

Energy is everything. Energy is the soul of the matter.

For modern people energy is the item which makes life more comfortable for them, the way to go
thousands kilometers away, to understand news from all over the world, and in a sense is a way to
exist.

Unfortunately energy sources are not infinite. Parallel with the increasing world population, the need
for energy is also increasing. Besides rising energy usage, industrialization and urbanization creates
big environmental problems. All over the world, the countries are competing with each other to find
new ways to generate and use energy. Leading countries in this contest will dominate world
economics. It is proved that focusing on only fossil fuel is no longer enough and sustainable.

The most expensive energy is the wasted energy. Energy Efficiency applications in Europe and Japan
which has been carried out since 70s provided great superiority to these countries in terms of energy
expenses and creating sellable technologies. Calculations show that Turkey has the potential pf
energy saving 30% in buildings, 20% in industry and 10% in transportation. If we had saved 10% on
average for the last ten years, we would have saved 25 billion USD in our case now. Efficiency
investments would have composed a 25 billion USD turnover. We would have released 50 million
tones lesser CO2 to the atmosphere. We must start working immediately, dynamize our economy by
planned and true approaches. This is a big evolution. It is also a cultural evolution.

23

Green Economy

Today many economists see the climate change as an awesome opportunity which is composed of a
series of problems. Expensive energy, security of supply, global warming was perceived as a threat
mainly in USA and many other countries which made them find out new technologies and adopt
efficiency driven insights. It was only USA which budgeted 5,4 billion USD in 2009 for a research
about this paradigm which could be defined as low-carbon or green economy. USA Competition
Council declared that by the year 2018 more than 2 millions employment could be available for the
green-career. A researched performed by EU found out that Energy effectiveness could create 1
million new job opportunities.

Green Economy is apparently a new economical wave beyond providence. Our country has to
potential to catch up with this wave thanks to its dynamic domestic market and young population.
But if we don’t have the strategies and effort that the wave requires we will miss the climate age as
well. We can start from seeing green energy as a big chance for our economy not a threat.

Energy Efficiency

As dependence on petrol and natural gasses, and increasing prices threaten developed countries,
they also threaten the macro economy balance in our country. The 10% increase in the petrol prices
pull down global GNP by 0, 5%. According to many western experts, resources are transferred from
democratic countries to undemocratic countries in the means of energy. On the other hand,
modernity tools such as electronic goods and automobiles increasing in developing countries are put
forward as a problem by rich countries. However, the USA which makes up about 5% of the world
population consumes 25% of the energy. Currently, developed countries lead in terms of countries
emitting greenhouse gasses. The EU Energy Strategy is based on sustainability, economical growth
and energy security. “Energy efficiency also being one of the effective precautions of supply security”
has been declared by the International Energy Agency, and in 2007, IEA has suggested the 12
precautions to be applied on a global level. Moreover, energy efficiency is accepted worldwide as an
important tool in meeting the climate change aims. EU member (15) countries who had been
applying energy efficiency projects since the 70’s have declared that they will make a net 9% energy
saving between 2008 and 2016. Our country is a contestant who has entered the energy efficiency
race rather late. There is not only savings in this contest but also new employment opportunities.

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What have we done in this Project?
 We wanted our European partners to contribute to “ Turkey Energy Efficiency Report” and
after the seminar we aimed to present it to EU Commission,
 We intended to raise the society’s energy awareness and efficiency consciousness,
 We ment to inform young people and public opinion about environment, wasted sources and
non-planned industrialization,
 We planned to develop coordination between NGOs in Europe,
 We wanted to notify young people about EU environment programs,
 We aimed to share best examples of energy efficiency from Europe,
 We planned to lay the foundations of a long term network with the partners from
participating countries,
 We wanted young people to be informed with energy efficiency, sustainable sources and
green energy,
 We ment to develop coordination among governmental and non-governmental organizations
which are supposed to take roles in the energy efficiency project,
 We wanted to produce solutions to sustainable energy and environment problems as
European NGOs,
 We aimed to present studies regarding energy efficiency and other studies performed by
private sector, governmental and nongovernmental organizations,
 We aimed to create multi-player projects to apply in partner countries in future.

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PARTICIPATORY COUNTRIES
AND
ORGANIZATIONS

26

ENGLAND – Look East Wild Earth

Look East Wild Earth is a UK-based registered not-for-profit
charitable company. We forge links between environmental
initiatives in the UK and in Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia.

Our Activities

Support for environmental organisations in Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia
International volunteering, youth exchanges, study visits and seminars
Talks, events, campaigns and information promoting issues of global sustainable development

How we are run?

Look East Wild Earth is run by voluntary co-ordinators who facilitate projects & campaigns, and make
decisions in a cooperative manner. The decision-making body is our board of Trustees who meet 3-4
times per year. Full members are entitled to vote at AGMs and are invited to contribute to Trustees
meetings.

Our formal aims and objectives:

To educate the public in the preservation and conservation of the natural environment and its
sustainable development.

The promotion for the benefit of the public of conservation, protection and improvement of the
natural environment, in particular but not exclusively, by the provision of, or assisting in the
provision of sustainable development programmes involving young people and local communities in
the United Kingdom, Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia.

www.lookeast.org.uk

GERMANY – G 20Y SUMMIT

The G-20Y Vision
The G-20Y Generation of young and successful business leaders
cares about the prosperity of their immediate business environment as well as the development of
their communities and countries. The G-20Y Vision is based on greater international cooperation,
innovative ideas and mid- and long-term global economic prosperity.
• Achieving greater international cooperation
The recent world financial and economic crisis has revealed the need for greater international
cooperation. Global challenges call for global responses. The effectiveness of these responses does
not depend solely on the decisions made by the G-20 Heads of State, but also on international
cooperation between powerful regions, businesses and communities. The G-20Y Generation has a
key role to play in this respect. International cooperation is a second-nature for the G-20Y
Generation, which grew up in a globalized world. Business leaders of the G-20Y Generation are
instinctively convinced that the success of their businesses, and the solving of global challenges, can
be achieved only through deeper international cooperation.
The G-20Y Generation is also the first generation for which the participation of 20 countries in
international decision making is normal, rather than a novel post-Cold War achievement. In a fast-
changing world where the interests of all countries are intricately interconnected and inter-
dependent, young business leaders are convinced that they share a common fate and therefore
believe that the G-20 forum is the appropriate platform for effective international decision making.
• Sharing our innovative ideas
More than ever in a time of economic tension, innovative thinking is necessary. The contribution of
the G-20Y Generation is crucial in this respect. The world faces many pressing challenges, such as:
imperiled water and food supplies, environmental change and financial instability. At the same time,
there are many opportunities for entrepreneurial growth and success. G-20Y Generation business
leaders have been successful so far thanks to their innovative thinking. Their future successes rely on
further innovation, and innovation can help to solve the challenges that the world is facing. As the
first new-technology generation, whose thinking is naturally innovative, the G-20Y Generation is a
valuable source of new ideas.
www.g20ys.org

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ISRAEL – Bat-Yam Biennale of Landscape Urbanism

The Challenge - quality of urban life

The 20th century left a legacy of sprawling, densely populated cities in
which most of the world’s population resides. The 21st century calls us to
further expand and crowd our cities in the interests of protecting nature and the environment.
However, how is the quality of life achieved for city residents? What can a city offer them? Can a
vibrant urban lifestyle co-exist with a sense of nature in the metropolis?

“Bat-Yam - Urban Action”

The international biennale of landscape urbanism will address these and other questions related to
city life in the 21st century.

Urban Action – urban change as a holistic act

The biennale title: “Urban Action” expresses the concept that change in the urban experience is
achieved via cooperation between a city’s communities and institutions and the outside factors that
influence it. Landscape urbanism represents and enables this mutual relationship.

The international biennale of landscape urbanism

The primary objective of the international biennale of landscape urbanism is to initiate extensive
public debate regarding urban activities that influence the quality of life in the city. The biennale will
deal with the urban experience and activities that have the power to transform the city into a higher
quality, optimistic and vital place. The exhibition, to be held every two years throughout Bat-Yam,
will offer exciting solutions to issues related to the urban landscape. Innovative urban approaches
based on sustainable urban culture and collaboration between planners, artists, residents and
municipal representatives will be presented.

www.biennale-batyam.org

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ITALY – Cooperative sociale Co-Mete

Co-Mete is a social cooperative that deals with employment
of disadvantaged and young people, it is formed by three
members and 10 consuntants / employees. It provides
consulting to public bodies and cooperatives, to voluntary
associations, to companies dealing with personal services,
health, employment. Co-Mete manages technical support services for companies working in the field
of youth and to the generality of disadvantaged people. The most interesting activities in the area of
young people's involvement are:

• The development and the management of the project '' BULLS '', financed by the National
PON ( Action Provinces for Young people). The project has developed a series of actions that
led young people (15-19 years) in the provinces of Cagliari and Middle Campidano to
participate to the definition of policies and interventions for preventing and combating
bullying (video, radio spots, campaign all designed by boys), fostering young people
empowerment and active participation;

• The technical assistance in the establishment of a youth council among the Town Hall of
Villanovaforru (VS), and to the Town Hall of Sinnai, in developing and managing the Youth
Exchange '' The world I would like to live in '' funded by the Italian NA;
Ten years experience in the field of training for youth workers with non formal
methodologies;

• Currently Co-Mete supports several groups of young people in the city of Cagliari in
improving their empowerment and self-employment.

www.co-mete.org

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ITALY – Legambiente Padova

At local level Legambiente Padova manages a group of information
desks on renewable energies and energy savings, promotes Solar
Purchasing Groups among families, promotes agreement for easy
loans to fanmilies in the field of solar energy and energy efficiency,
organizes fairs and conferences on these issues, lobbies institutions.

At regional level we lobby the regional government for stricter regulations on these issues and
conferences efficient building codes.

At national level we coordinate the network of Solar Purchasing Groups.

At international level we represent legambiente at different meetings and institutional seminars, as
well in energy-related campaigns held by NGOs.

www.legambientepadova.it

PORTUGAL - ASSOCIACAO 5 ELEMENTO

Associação 5 Elemento is a non-profit environmental NGO
based in Lisbon, Portugal. It was founded in December 2008 as
part of a spin-off and segmentation of another organization and
with the will of its founders in keeping an environment
promotion project, free from corporate lobbies and interesting to people. The mission is set as
promoting environment and sustainable development through active participation of human being in
a harmonious relationship. Their values are participative democracy, lifelong education,
multidisciplinary, partnership and networking, solidarity, responsibility, transparency, and IT as a
fundamental tool.

www.5elemento.org

31

POLAND - Europejskie Forum Studentow AEGEE Wroclaw

AEGEE is one of the biggest interdisciplinary student associations in
Europe; it is represented by 13.000 students, active in 200 academic
cities, in 40 countries all around Europe, which presents amazing
culture variety. AEGEE is a secular, non-profit organization, not linked
to any political party. All projects and activities are based on voluntarily work of its members.
Aims:

• to promote a unified Europe without prejudices
• to strive for creating an open and tolerant society of today and tomorrow
• to foster democracy, human rights, tolerance, cross-boarder co-operation, mobility and
European dimension in education

The members of the association constantly shapings its face. AEGEE is about the students, about
the young people that are striving to be active and open minded citizens. With the help of AEGEE
students can easily gain an incomparable intercultural experience.

European Students' Forum AEGEE Wroclaw is a non-governmental student association bassed in
Wroclaw, and actively organising projects in Wroclaw, lower Silesia, Poland and Europe. The
organisation was established in 1991 as one of the first NGOs of this type in Central and Eastern
Europe. Currently AEGEE Wroclaw has around 50 members from different universities and different
faculties in the region, such as University of Economics in Wroclaw, Wroclaw University of
Technology or University of Wroclaw. As an interdisciplinary organisation we organise projects
touching various thematics and we are open for young people from different backgrounds and with
different interests. AEGEE Wroclaw is officially registered in the three above-mentioned universities
and we have many years experience of cooperating with them. We have had experience in organising
YOUTH projects since the year 2004. We organised youth exchanges, seminar and job shodowing
visit.

www.aegee.pl

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ROMANIA - ASSOCIATION OF TOURISM and ECOLOGY
‘’CALTUN’’ –UNESCO CLUB
The ATE, ''Caltun'' was found in 1998 and represents a non
govermental organization involved in cultural and ecological activities.
The associations goals area;

• developing projects about environmental protection, national,
European and universal cultural patrimony protection,

• the promotion of eco-tourism, ecological and artistic education and UNESCO's values,

• the ecological rehabilitation of degraded geographical areas, yearly photo exhibitions -
ART ECO

SPAIN - The Technical University of Madrid
The Technical University of Madrid (UPM) celebrated its 25th anniversary in
1996, although the majority of its centres are over hundreds of years old and
were founded in the 18th and 19th centuries. Each of them maintained its
independence until being grouped together to form the UPM. It is no
exaggeration to state that over one and a half centuries great part of the
history of Spanish technology has been written by the Schools of Architecture and Engineering.
They have been during a lot of years nearly the only and in some cases actually the only schools.
All of the important personalities in the area of teaching and research passed through the
respective centres as students or lecturers. (www.upm.es )

SLOVENIA - KLUB GORISKIH STUDENTOV ‘’KGS’’
Club is a voluntary, apolitical organization of Slovenian and foreign
students, aimed at integration, further education and cultural, sporting
and other engagement. Student organizations have the status of local
communities in accordance with the community of students and
conditions contained in the Student Constitution. Supports in particular
the following objectives: to bring together students of Nova Gorica region and those that are
there in school, providing assistance to further then interests in varios areas, working with other
student organizations and associations in Slovenia and abroad, organize meetings of students,
participates in the development of life in local communities and other. (www.kgs.si)

33

OPENING SPEECHES

34

MUSTAFA KAPLAN
President of Small and Medium Enterprises
Development Organization

DISTINGUISHED GUESTS,

I greet you all respectfully before I start my speech. I would like to express my great pleasure in
being invited to participate in this meeting organized by the Energy Efficiency Association.
According to the development classification in the world, the total energy consumed in a
country was one of the most important indicators in recent years. But now, to measure the unit
of energy consumed for the maximum production level has become the most important
indicator.
The value of energy intensity which means the amount of energy consumed to produce a unit of
gross domestic product, helps to determine a country’s energy efficiency potential. Our country
is the one having highest energy density among the OECD countries. According to the
International Energy Agency’s (UEA) calculation; the average energy density is 0.25 $ in the
world, while the average energy density of Turkey is 0.35 $.

To decrease our average energy density, it should be done some works such as to improve
energy efficiency in the energy chain, to reduce energy density of final consumption, to apply
productivity-enhancing investments in production technologies, to do rehabilitation
investments.
As well known, 70% of our country's energy needs are imported. Our demand for energy, so the
dependence on imports, is increasing continuously. In our country, most of the energy is
consumed in the industry. Primary energy consumption’s share of the Turkey’s industrial sector
is 24% and the share of electricity use is 47% in Turkish industry. On average, the industrial
sector alone consumes 39% of all energy. The shares of housing and transportation sectors are
the second and third ranks. According to the studies, the sectoral distribution of the energy
efficiency potential in Turkey are the following: building sector: 30%, industrial sector 20% and
transportation sector 15%, and the average potential in total is 25%) It is assumed that energy
efficiency investments are able to finance itself in an average of 3 months to 5 years.

35

In terms of the countries’ economical development and sustainable development, the
importance of energy which is one of the basic input, have grown day by day. In this context, the
value of the studies related to energy efficiency has also grown in the same level.

We should think more on energy sources and energy efficiency because of the developing
technology needs and increasing energy deficit like in the other countries. We should find new
alternatives immediately.


The projections, made by the UEA, if the current energy policies and energy supply preferences
continue, the total world energy demand will increase by 49% between the years 2005-2030 and
the present value of 11.4 billion tons of oil equivalent (TOE) will reach to the level of 17.0 billion
TOE.

In our country, it is estimated that the total primary energy consumption will be 114.300
thousand TOE and the total primary energy production will be 31.6 million TOE in 2011. With an
annual increase of 4.3%, our primary energy consumption is expected to reach 220 million TOE
in 2020. Given that the 2.6% average annual increase in the world, clearly seen that the energy
demand of Turkey will be more than the world’s average.


Improving energy efficiency affects positively on energy security, climate change and mitigate
and also employment creation because of its contributions on the economy. In this context, the
development of energy efficiency in all stages, the prevention of waste, the reduction of energy
intensity at the sectoral and the macro level are the most important components of our national
energy policy priorities. In our country, there are many and important studies related to the
efficient and effective use of energy resources, waste prevention, diminishing energy costs and
protecting the environment. In this context, we all have various responsibilities as individuals or
as institutions. It is very important that we should arrange properly the related activities and
investments. KOSGEB’s main targets, SMEs, have continued their activities in order to respond to
national and international needs. However, raising awareness and supports are provided for
SMEs in order to achieve efficiency in all areas. In this sense, efficiency, especially “energy
efficiency” is one of the very important areas for KOSGEB.

36


In recent years, the regulatory arrangements related to the improving energy efficiency resolve
deficiencies and create expected supportive environment in Turkey. As known, Energy Efficiency
Law No. 5627 promulgated in the Official Gazette No. 26510 on May 02, 2007. According to this
law, KOSGEB is entitled to provide services to SMEs on energy topics. In the Law, the
responsibilities of the KOSGEB were clearly indicated towards the SMEs.

In addition to this, a cooperation protocol signed between the Ministry of Industry and
Commerce and Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources in 2008, and also an action plan was
created as an attachment to this protocol. The studies for supporting SMEs on energy efficiency
were begun within the framework of this action plan. KOSGEB, in cooperation with General
Directorate of Electrical Power Resources Survey and Development Administration (EİE),
implemented her energy efficiency supports in October 2008.


In the “KOSGEB Support Regulation”, promulgated in the Official Gazette No. 27612 on June 15,
2006, one of the support programmes is “General Support Programme”. The supports named as
“Energy Efficiency Study and Consultancy Support” and “Energy Efficiency Educational Services
Support” for SMEs are included in this programme.

In addition to this, SMEs’ efficiency projects can also be supported under the “SME Project
Support Programme”. Unfortunately only 6 of the 187 projects are related to the efficiency In
2011, because efficiency is not one of the SMEs’ priorities. To find new markets is more
important issue than efficiency for them.


As KOSGEB, we take part in various national and international projects as an executive or as a
stakeholder. Our main aim is to improve the capacity building of KOSGEB on energy efficiency
and climate change mitigation.

KOSGEB and French Development Agency (AFD) are implementing a 3-year project, named
“Energy Efficiency Projects in the SMEs in Turkey”. The overall objective of this project is to
contribute to improve energy efficiency and environmental performance of Turkish SMEs
(industry and services). As a first step, we signed a financial protocol last Saturday.

37

At the beginning of 2011, “Improving Energy Efficiency in Industry in Turkey Project” has been
launched by UNIDO, UNDP, KOSGEB, General Directorate of Electrical Power Resources Survey
and Development Administration (EIE), Technology Development Foundation of Turkey (TTGV)
and Turkish Standards Institution (TSE) . The Global Environment Facility (GEF) allocated 5.9 m.
USD budget for this project. The objective of this 5-year project is to improve energy efficiency
of the Turkish industry by enabling and encouraging companies in the industrial sector for
efficient management of energy use by different energy conservation measures and energy
efficient technologies.

KOSGEB representatives will present you more detailed information about KOSGEB’s energy
efficiency studies.


Efficiency studies create new employment opportunities. Unemployment is one of the important
problems of the current world economy. According to a study made by European Union, it is
assumed that 2000 job opportunities can be created for energy saving of 1 million TOE. The
studies related to the efficient use of energy, can create new chances for Turkish youth. With the
energy saving of ~ 25 million TOE, we can provide 50 thousand new “green-collar” employments.


Renewable energy, and with new concept “green economy”, are the strategies which help us to
create cleaner world for future generations.

We all have important responsibilities related to the providing energy efficiency without
compromising the production and the quality, using all the energy, raising awareness about
“energy culture” and “energy efficiency” in the SMEs.

In concluding, I wish a society which is aware of duties and responsibilities of energy efficiency.
Once again I greet you with respect.

38

SÜLEYMAN YILMAZ
Director of UNIDOTurkey

GREEN JOB

1. Global Warming: Climate change: Environmental challenges / Sustainable economy;
Low carbon emission reduction targets under UN climate change convention.
2. Kyoto protocol, Protocol v.s. Convention
Linked to UN Framework Convention on Climate Change: Protocol v.s Convention:
binding targets for 37 industrialized countries and European Community for reducing
GHG emmisions. 2008 – 2012, 5 years 5% reduction.

Kyoto Mechanism: primarily through national measures.
Additional means of meeting their targets by way of three market based mechanism.

 Emission trading
 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
 Joint Implementation (JI)

The mechanism help stimulate Green Investment and help parties meet their emission targets in
a cost-effective way.

Copenhagen in 2009: UN Climate convention meeting in.
Adaptation: adapting to the adverse effects of climate change; increasing the resilience to the
impact of climate change. Adaptation funds, CDM projects activities.
Mitigation: reduction of GHG
At thr end of 2012: Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC): negotiation and
ratification of stringent emission reduction
(Carbon trading: allows a company or country that reduces the amount of CO2 it produces to
below a particular level to sell the extra reduction as a credit to a company or country that has
not reduced the amount it produces enough.)

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3. Changing patterns of investment flows

Flows into areas from renewable energy generation up to energy efficiency projects at the
household and industrial level
New jobs are beginning to emerge in favour of greener and eleaner and more sustainable
occupations.
Areas: renewable energy, buildings and construction, transportation, basic industry,
agriculture and forestry
Renewable energy: solar, biomass, wind, hydropower, geothermal
Engine of Development:

A global transition to a low-carbon and sustainable economy can create large numbers of gren
jobs across many sectors of the economy, and indeed can become an engine of development.
Current gren job creation is taking place in both the rich countries and in some of the major
developing ecenomies.
Definition of Green Job: We define gren jobs administrative, and service activities that
contribute substantially to preserving or restoring environmental quality.

Specific Areas: Specifically, but not exclusively, this includes jobs that help to protect
ecosystems and biodiversity; reduce energy, materials, and water consumption through
highefficiency strategies; de-carbonize the economy; and minimize or altogether avoid
generation of all forms of waste and pollution.

4. From a broad conceptual perspective, employment wşll be affected in at least four
ways the economy is oriented toward greater sustainability:

Climate change is also having negative impact on jobs in some areas

In general
First, in some cases, additional jobs will be created – as in the manufacturing of pollution –
control devices added to existing production equipment.
Second, some employment will be substituted – as in shifting from fosil fuels to renewables, or
from truck manufacturing to rail car manufacturing, or from landfilling and waste incineration to
recycling.
Third, certain jobs may be eliminated without direct replacement – as when packaging
materials are discouraged or banned and their production is discontinued.

40

Fourth, it would appear that many existing jobs (especially such as plumbers, electricians, metal
workers, and construction workers) will simply be transformed and redef,ned as day – to – day
skill sets, work methods, and profiles are greenedMostly in developing countries…food,
agriculture and recycling sector..South – South Cooperation: Energy prices are high!!

For example: in Bangladesh, a Project training of local youth and women as certified solar
techniicians and as repair and maintenance specialists, aimed to create 100.000 jobs.
In India: replacing biomass cooking stoves in 9 million households with more advance ones could
create 150.000 jobs.
In addition: Convention on Managing forests for their carbon emission, biological diversity,
etc.
GEF: In general

- Climate Change
- Biologic diversity
- Land degradation
- POPs
- ODS
- International waters

Creats job in: who plays key role

- Policy making organs: Government
- Private sector (engineers, workers,etc)
- Trade unions
- Employers’organization
- International organization

Transition to gren production and consumption – winners and losers support for workers and
enterprise adaptation will be the key.

Sustainable Development…. Fostering Green Jobs and Decent work for ever more people.. a new
and powerful force for achieving a more resource efficient and equitable global economy that
mirrors all our aspirations for true SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

41

UN Organizations: UNIDO, UNDP, ILO, WHO, FAO, WB

a. Renewable Energy, Solar Energy, Biomass, Wind
b. Energy efficiency in industry (energy infensity) / building / household appliances
c. Fuel efficiency, carbon limits (hybrid, hydrojen energy / electrical car)

UNIDO

 History: 1966 in Vienna, 1967 in Ankara
 700 expert: in total 2500
 32 Countries
 ITPU, CPU
 Branches: PSD, Trade Capacity, Agrobusiness,
 Energy and Climate Change,
 Environmental Protection (POPs),
 Montreal Protocol

UNIDO Turkey

a. Adaptation to Climate Change: CPU
b. Sustainable Linkages: Textile: Environmental Conduct
c. POPs
d. ODSs

International Trainings

Functions as Regional Cooperation centres.

42

2012 The International All Green Conference and Exhibition

Ali BULUT
General Manager of CNR Holding Company

44

Sustainable Landscaping and Urbanism in Green Design
Ayelet KESTLER
Community Relations Manager of Bat – Yam Biennale

52

SEMINAR SESSIONS

93

SESSION I
Public Authority, Sustainable Progress
and Opportunities

Moderator
Prof.Dr.Murat Kasımoğlu – University of 18 Mart
Speakers
Ömer Turhan – CEO of Vezir Concultancy
Selma Tezyetiş – Heat of EU Department of the SMIDI
Erdal Çınar – Vice Chairman of ENVER Kayseri
Branch Office

94

PUBLIC AUTHORITY
Energy has been the main parameter of this century and the last century. We need to
understand global developments, social change and demands and the public sector
should work in collaboration with the private sector in order to construct a new future.
Establishments need to be fast within themselves and with the work flow among
establishments and review the work processes. It should review its work plan on a
futuristic basis and conduct the applications to the fullest.

Summary
According to many experts, the global crisis in the recent years has revealed that governments
need to be more effective on economy and markets. This has been uttered even more in
competitive free markets. The Asian crisis as well as the crisis on a country level, mistakes on a
company and sector level or failures can now cause a chain fusion reaction. In order for these
effects to settle down, governments and organizations are trying to develop new methods.
Financial treatment and global climate change is in leading position among the current
problems. With the public sector taking lead, global climate change is loading the private sector
and common citizen with a charge. Even if we don’t take place among the countries that heat
the world, it is necessary for our country to conduct a series of activities on the subject due to its
results. We also need to accept the fact that these necessities provide us with the opportunities
to make our country a competitive and powerful country. It is necessary for the public to be
guiding, organizing, consistency and coordination providing, supervising and cooperative in all
activities to be conducted. However, it is necessary for the public to listen to the voices of all
shareholders and actualize applicable and payable policies for everyone. Our world which is
transforming from a petrol age to energy and climate age, is being restructured according to
low carbon levels. This transition is possible through determination and successful
administration…

95

Global and Local: Glocalization
The globalization process is causing radical changes on understandings. It is no longer for
possible for any country or region to live isolated from global tendencies and developments.
Supranational standards and rules are continually going above national standards and rules. On
global climate change, states need to organize economic progress programs on the basis of clean
production, habitability and sustainability. While it is necessary to understand, distinguish and
internalize the global, it is also necessary to protect, strengthen and support the local, and to
establish a balance between the two. Balancing the global and local for developing countries is
vital. In this new process called “glocalization” by many experts, the public has important
duties. For example, the deregulation of the energy and water markets is a global tendency.
However, it is a public duty to ensure that this deregulation process doesn’t have any negative
effects on the society and all the sectors. Likewise, it is a necessity to reduce carbon emissions,
but perhaps ruling out the difficulties small and medium sized enterprises will encounter is not
something that these enterprises can solve by themselves. It is necessary for the public to adapt
an understanding to balance global and local in the upcoming term. Instead of trying to get rid
of the affects of globalization, we need to gain advantages by deregulating and supporting
through local dynamics. In other words, we need to think glocal…

National Aim and Policies
In order to ensure energy security, developed and developing countries work in 3 dimensions.
1- Studies conducted to secure fossil energy resources.
2- 2- Studies conducted to develop non fossil fuel resources such as renewable, nuclear
and hydrogen.
3- 3- Developing technologies that decrease energy density and adapting a efficiency
understanding.
Actually, energy security is not an aim on its own. Energy security is a means to obtain national
wealth and power. Countries that can’t become energy exporters have sectors producing wealth
that can use energy efficiently. Like all countries, Turkey’s aim needs to shape around national
wealth. The main dynamo that will produce this wealth in the energy and climate age is having
knowledge related to this age and producing this knowledge with national dynamics. The 100th
year aims of the republic of 2023 are very important in terms of motivation and moral values.
We must not forget that micro, mezzo and macro policies need to be placed under these aims.
Placing macro policies is simpler. However, micro and mezzo policies require more detailed
actions. National aims need to be decreased to regional aims, sector aims, corporate aims and
individual aims. Moreover, energy and energy efficiency policies need to interlock with
industrialization, transportation, tourism, environment, prosperity, urbanization, agriculture,
education and science policies. Apart from making policy development difficult, this interlock
makes these applications difficult as well…

96

Private-Public Partnership
Many issues today is attempted to be solved through Private-Public sector partnership. We need
to adapt an understanding where the public and private sectors are solving problems together
and taking initiative instead of seeing each other on the opposite sides. Companies and directors
need to answer more to the society. While public administration is trying to apply modern
administration techniques that are applied in companies, companies are trying to continue their
business by acting suitable to their social responsibilities. In this context, there is a need for the
public to get out of the role of distributing and the private sector to get out of the role of
demanding and making common planning and action. With this aim, we need to rethink the
organizing forms and adapt participation.

Workflow, Consistency and Coordination
Modern states are complicated organizations. This complication is usually prolonging processes.
There is a need for consistency and coordination in the transition to green economy. It is
necessary for workflows to work flawless and fast between all the corporations taking place in
this process such as public institutions, autonomous establishments and STK’s. States are like
living organisms. Just like a headache or a broken foot decreases efficiency and total capacity in
a human, the organization units of states not being synchronized causes non-productiveness.
How business is progressing needs to be reviewed in a process focused understanding and
failing sides, reiterated work, overlapping authorization and duties need to be terminated. The
Processes need to be measured with a “Something measured will become better” principle and
coordination between establishments needs to be ensured.

97

SUSTAINABLE PROGRESS and OPPORTUNITIES
Environment and Progress are not concepts converse to each other. Causing
environmental problems while trying to progress has greater costs for the
society. It is possible to progress and get richer in an environmental friendly way.
Moreover, progressing in an environmental friendly understanding provides
great opportunities to companies and individuals. Turning low carbon economy
into an opportunity lies in the hands of Turkey.

Summary
The common understanding in Turkey is that increasing environment standards will bring extra
costs on enterprises and that this will be even more difficult for a number of enterprises currently
encountering difficulties. Although this is right for some enterprises, doing dirty production and
building dirty constructions in regions that have come to the end of their ecological capacity is no
longer sustainable. According to the studies conducted by the United Nations, 20% of the illnesses
in developing countries are caused by environmental problems. While the main problem for
developed countries is to decrease carbon emissions, developing countries face greater
environmental risks. On the other hand, states can limit stock and human movements with
customs walls but they can’t prevent particles flying around in the air and acid rains. Never has
there been a need for such cooperation between states and nations in the history of mankind. New
and high environmental standards are perceived as an obstacle for becoming wealthy because it
affects the industrialization processes of developing countries. We need to accept that there is an
industrialization and urbanization in Turkey that sometimes ignore environmental and external
costs in a similar way. But it is best that we understand that we can’t continue like this. It is
certainly possible to progress without fighting against nature and by aiming for humane
happiness. As a matter of fact, Turkey comes from a climate that will support this understanding
with its history and historical experiences.

98

Sustainable Progress

Globalization and increasing world population continues to increase the pressure on natural
resources. With the development of transportation and communication opportunities, goods
and human movements are forcing nature’s capacity in a way never seen before in history.
Misuse of natural resources such as water sources, forests, and land not only threatens the
mainstay of humanity but also threatens national and international economies. On the other
hand, while the GNP per person is increasing worldwide, income differences and inequality
between the rich and poor in the same country is growing. This unfair situation causes political
agitation and continuous instability in some areas in the world.

According to United Nations and World Bank reports, poor countries obtain 26% of their
income through natural resources. Natural resources are primary means of mainstay for the
poor people in a lot of countries. Natural resources being seen as a means of becoming wealthy
ignite the damage on natural resources in poor countries. From diarrhea to respiratory
insufficiency, this vicious cycle causes many illnesses in poor countries. UN reports that 20% of
illnesses care caused by environmental risks in developing countries. While a small portion of
the world is in richness and prosperity, the larger part is continuing to struggle with poorness
and sordidness. When we take a look at UN’s humane Development Index, we see that poor
people live 20-25 years less when compared to rich people and that their carbon emission is
close to zero. If human beings consume more meat, more methane gas will be emitted and if
more electrical household appliances are used more CO2 will be sent to the atmosphere but
humans will live longer. Today, the modern people are telling non developed people that they
had emitted a great deal of greenhouse gas to the atmosphere and if you send as much us
during your modernization process, this will be a disaster for all of us. This inequality between
those who make use of the opportunities of modernism and who don’t is a strange conflict.

The UN Millennium Proclamation says in short: “We will not spare any effort to save our
children from living in a world whose resources have been reduced to the degree that it is not
sufficient to meet needs or in a world whose resources have been damaged to the point of no
return by the hands of humans.” At this point, sustainable progress principles are an issue for
all and not just for those who have created the problem. Turkey is a part of the civilized world
and it must not only adapt sustainable progress principles in order to be the voice of humanity
but also play leading roles and develop a vision which will guide global policies. Turkey needs
to work on alternative progress paradigms and produce models by developing sample
applications. A progress that is fair for all and in peace with the nature is a civilization
envisage…

99

Opportunities
Climate change provides us with a two way opportunity. The first one is to lighten global
warming and environmental problems and the second is to put an end to economical crisis by
establishing new work areas and employment. For example, if we set an aim of reducing
greenhouse gasses by 30%, we would have to do a series of things in order to actualize this such
as accelerating public transportation, research and new production investments for hybrid and
electrical vehicles, jobs that will be created related with new fuel technologies, new
employment that will be created through insulation of buildings, renewable energy plants etc.
When we look at developed countries, a large portion of the 825 billion USD economical packet
announced in the USA in 2009 has been spared for insulation in buildings, improvement in
unproductive electricity network and renewable energy investments. The US envisages 5 million
new green employments with this program. Similar programs have been established in
countries like Korea, Japan, China, England and Germany. Progress and new employment
projects are being put into practice in fields such as the development of agricultural land,
forestation and protection of water resources. With the expression of John Gardner who is the
founder of Common Cause located in the US: “Climate change is a series of opportunities which
presents itself as an unsolvable problem.” On the other hand, it is useful to think that this
transition process can be achieved through a new production-consumption culture and a new
social solidarity. In order to save from energy, they will have to spend money on humans.
Although these expenses will return in the process, there will be a need for public support and
financing in the many investments and economies will liven up…As it is stated in the previous
parts, Turkey’s energy efficiency report is not so bright. The concept of green economy has not
been perceived sufficiently. In other words, there are still a lot of things to do in Turkey. For
example, there is a need to issue report cards in the improvement process of current buildings,
a large number of manpower in jobs such as projecting, construction, and renovation. With
forestation and agricultural land development studies, there is an opportunity to reduce carbon
emission and create serious amounts of employment. Moreover, investments on adaption to
green economy in industry and service sectors, and the features ignited by global carbon trade
will cause for the creation of new sector and careers. The state has to accelerate investments on
substructures such as special agriculture basins, industrial areas, logistics and networks
according to this new paradigm. More important is to develop an economy that will provide
competitive superiority such as hydrogen fuels, fuel cells, renewable technologies, electrical
vehicles, carbon holding systems, smart networks, new generation insulation material and
smart household appliances.

100

SESSION II
Energy Efficieny on Production, Distribution
and Usage
Moderatör
Dr. Mustafa Uysal
Speakers
Tuncay Engin – West Mediterranean Development Agency
Assistant Prof.Dr.Şükrü ÖZEN - University of Akdeniz
Assistant Prof.Dr. Mustafa Helvacı - University of Akdeniz

101

Usage and Energy Efficiency

Energy efficiency policies aim for a sustainable growth, demand security and a
livable environment. Energy efficiency requires a great change in every sector
from transportation, lighting, buildings, tools, furniture, industry and energy
equipment. Energy efficiency is not only saving. It also means new jobs,
employment, opportunity and profit. Energy efficiency is a long run process
consisting correct technologies, social awareness and public arrangements.

Summary
Among OECD countries, Turkey is the most energy consuming country with 0,4 TEP per 1.000
USD GSYİH. The first reason for the current deficit problem of Turkey is energy importing. The
efficiency provided on energy consumption will make positive contributions to the macro
economical indicators of Turkey. EU member countries have revealed their energy savings
potential and have declared that they will save an average of 9% in the 2008-2016 term. The
energy efficiency studies of these countries that are advanced in terms of energy efficiency, are
guiding. The world has established a common idea on energy efficiency. Turkey needs to
employ these measures rapidly as an IEA country. When the current building stocks, Equipment
Park, transportation substructure is examined, it will be seen that Turkey’s saving potential is
above EU average. At least 10% savings for the next 10 years is a reasonable and achievable
goal for Turkey. Efficiency investments are the most profitable investments and the energy
resource is within the project. It is our priority to detail every aim under every title and make a
plan including the measures according to years, application principles, the duties of the
applying, organizing and observing institutions.

What is Energy Efficiency?
Energy efficiency is minimizing the energy amount consumed without decreasing the amount and
quality of production and inhibits economical development and social prosperity. In a broader
sense, energy efficiency is all of the measures to prevent losses in gas, steam, heat, air and
electricity, the recovery and evaluation of various wastes or reducing energy demand with
advanced technology without decreasing production and measures such as advanced industrial
processes and energy recovery.

102

Turkey Energy Usage

Countries like Japan and Germany,
where energy consumption per
person is more than 4 times Turkey,
consume ¼ of the energy consumed
by Turkey per 1.000 USD GDP. Our
country, whose energy density is low,
must aim for efficiency in all fields.
When the current situation is
examined, heating and cooling losses
caused by lack of insulation, losses caused by electrical gadgets and equipment, and losses
caused by logistic planning are the leading efficiency problems in Turkey.

The aim of efficiency in usage is to reduce Turkey’s energy expenses without decreasing living
standards and increasing living standards and to demonstrate Turkey’s competitive power.

103

Electrical Household Appliances

There are more than 17 million households and refridgerators are used in all of these
households. Washing machines have exceeded 85% and dish washing machines have excceded
30% penetration. According to calculaitons, more than 15 million refridgerators and more than
10 million washing machines are consuming electricity in Turkey. Electrical appliances have an
energy efficiency classificaiton from very productive A+ to low efficiency F. Class A products
consume 20% less energy than class B products. A family with a class A refridgerator, washing
and dishwashing machines save 250 kWh electricity compared to a family that has class B
products. On other words, the family pays an average of 5 TL more per month.

According to a calculation made by White
Appliances Industrial Foundation WAIA,
the return of the price the consumer will
pay for a higher energy degree product is
14-28 years. According to WAIA, it is not
easy for the consumer to incline to high
class energy products without promotion.
However, it is estimated that if the current
refridgerator park in Turkey transfers to A
and A+, it will clean amounts of CO2 equal
to planting 120 million trees. In the WAIA
and EIE studies, with the transition to
higher degree electrical and household appliances program, a saving of 8 billion kWh energy
is estimated; and this saving is equal to 5% of the total electricity consumption. The most
important side of this transition program is finance. Low energy class machine usage is
common among especially low income groups, and this transition seems very difficult if suitable
financing and encouregement is not employed. While high consumption taxes are taken from
inproducitve appliances in new equipment sales, lower taxes could be taken from productive
appliances. Subduing transition costs with tax incentive will be catchy for the consumer. The
government can comepnsate the tax loss caused by incentives through the markets activated.
The Turkish white appliances sector is a powerful and competitive sector. The transition will
not only provide energy saving but will also contribute to the building up of our sector.

104

Lighting
The ratio of the light of a lamp and the electricity it consumes is called light efficiency (Lm/W).
Not only visual performance, aesthetic and eyesight, but also efficiency is ensured in
environments where light efficiency is used efficiently. We need different amounts of light at
various environments. For example, 500 lux in offices, 300 lux in kitchens and 50 lux in the
corridors are accepted optimum. In the modern architecture of our age, making more use of
daylight is taken as principle. On the other hand, lighting design has become a professional
career. Material quality and technology directly
affect lighting efficiency.

When incandescent lamps are changed with
CFL Compact fluorescent, there is a saving of
80%. There are 25,698,113 residence,
3,953,738 businesses, 235,598 industrial
facilities, and 168,333 state offices and
188,281 lighting subscribers in Turkey.

In the scenario where 30 million unproductive lamps are changed with productive lamps, it is
estimated that an annual energy saving of about (When 20W CFL and 1.000 hour/year are
used instead of 100 W incandescent) 2,4 billion kWh and 1,2 billion tons CO2 emission will be
prevented.

Lighting should not only be considered
as lamps. Lighting systems in large
buildings are complicated systems.
Automation and remote control systems,
electrical ballasts, and quality reflectors
are factors increasing efficiency. In a
number of countries in the world,
incandescent lamps are gradually decreasing and are being banned in some other countries or
have high taxes in other. Our country meets its new generation economical lamps need through
importing. But, in terms of lighting gadgets, our country is among exporting countries.
Transition to new generation lighting systems must first be encouraged in the work places and
industrial facilities and be widespread to the entire society. Public enterprises must lead on this
subject. Lighting efficiency must be shown to the entire society in public buildings, avenues and
streets.

105

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