1. 2012 Final Year Project 1 University Kuala Lumpur
British Malaysian Institute

2. Presentation
Content
i. abstract
ii. objective
iii.Introduction
iv.Problem Statement
v. Literature Review
vi.Methodology
vii.Expected Result
viii.Conclusions
ix.References

3. ABSTRACT
• Radio over fiber is becoming an increasingly important
technology for the in building wireless market.
• The LTE is a standard for wireless data communications
technology and an evolution of the GSM/UMTS.
• The aim of this project is to design the radio access point
via an optical fiber for LTE.
• OptiSystem is used to perform the simulation of the
whole system designed.

4. OBJECTIVE
• To design the downlink radio access point (RAP) for
radio over fiber system (RoF) for LTE applications.
• To simulate the downlink radio access point (RAP) for
radio over fiber system (RoF) for LTE applications using
OptiSystem software.
• To analyze the performance of Signal Noise Ratio (SNR)
for the RAP In downlink transmission.

5. INTRODUCTION
• The ability to communicate with the people on the move has
envolved remarkable since 1987.
• Recently,there is no accurate frequency for LTE.
• Nowadays, the radio frequency spectrum is congested, and the
provision of broadband services in new bands is increasingly
more difficult.
• To support a very high data rate, the cell size must be reduce.
• To provide a good service quality of coverage, we need to
place more base station at a central station with a distributed
antenna system.

6. PROBLEM STATEMENT
• Increasing number of users.
• Low speed of data transmission.
• High cost of Base station.
• High attenuation of coaxial cable.
• No coverage in “Dead Zone” area.

7. PROBLEM STATEMENT
Figure 1: Optical link for dead zone

8. LITERATURE REVIEW
• Engineering of fiber optics infrastructure authored by R.
Pirich.
• On the performance of LTE 4G authored by lahetkangas
and Eeva.
• Radio over Fiber Technologies for Mobile
Communications Network authored by Hamed Al-
Raweshidy and Shozo Komaki.

9. LITERATURE REVIEW
Downlink Transmission
Uplink Transmission
Figure 2: Radio Over Fiber Architecture
http://users.encs.concordia.ca/~gcowan/research_linearizedROF.html

10. METHODOLOGY
Literature study on Radio Over Fiber Technology
Radio frequency (RF) & Antenna
Optical Fiber System
system
Study to using programs which involve in design and simulation
Optiwave Optisystem
Modeling the S-parameter from measured factory database and simulate
the whole system using Optisystem
Analyze the performance of Signal Noise Ratio (SNR) for downlink signal
Figure 3: Flow chart of the project

11. METHODOLOGY
 The architecture of downlink radio over fiber for LTE application will be
design by using OptiSystem software.
QAM Optical RF Subsystem Rx Model
Modulator System
Central Base Design Radio Access Point
End User
(CBS) (RAP)
Figure 4: Design of Downlink Radio Over Fiber

12. METHODOLOGY
• Basic block diagram
Fiber
Optic Antenna
RF input
Signal
Modulator
2.6 GHz
Power
Photodiode Filter
Laser Amplifier
Downlink Transmission
Figure 5: Downlink Transmission Block Diagram

13. METHODOLOGY
• Design Specification for Downlink RoF for LTE
application as below:
Table 2: Design Specification
Design Specification Value
Radiated power (max) <30dBm (1w)
Sensitivity (min) >-65dBm
Maximum Range >100m
Frequency 2.6GHz
Laser frequency 1550nm
Modulation technique 64 QAM
Fiber optic length >10km

14. METHODOLOGY
• Link Budget consist of the useful signal power available
at every stage of the design goal.
• It is a balance sheet of gains and losses through the link.
Table 1: Link Budget & Design Specification
RF Laser Photodiode Pre- Final Post Post Antenna Radiated Sensitivity Maximum
Modulator Filter Amplifier Amplifier Filter Power Range
Input power 0 0 10 -20 -32 3 38 26
(dBm)
Output power 0 10 -20 -32 3 38 26 30
<30 dBm
(dBm)
Or >-65 dBm >100m
Gain (dBm) 0 10 0 0 35 35 0 4
<1 Watt
Losses (dBm) 0 0 30 12 0 0 12 0

15. Expected Result
Signal Noise
Ratio
Figure 7: Signal to noise ration (SNR)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0030401812005135

16. METHODOLOGY
 Basic process flow chart for the project
Project Title: Downlink Radio Access Point for Radio Over Fiber system For LTE 4G applications.
Milestone against timeline S2’12 S1’13
Project Activities 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Research Title
Finding information
Submit title to advisor
Literature Review
Theoretical study of Rof
Theoretical study on BPF and antenna
Theoretical study on power amplifier
Overall system study
Finding and study about software
Presentation
Submit Proposal
Learning OptiSystem Software
List the link budget
Study the s’2 parameter
Get the s’2 parameter from factory
Design the downlink Radio Access Point
Simulation the whole system
Analyse system performance result
Report Writing
Presentation Result
Submit Report
Figure 6: Gantt Chart of the project

17. CONCLUSIONS
• The downlink radio access point (RAP) for radio over fiber
system (RoF) for LTE applications will be design.
• The downlink radio access point (RAP) for radio over fiber
system (RoF) for LTE applications will be simulate using
Optisystem.
• The performance of signal noise ratio (SNR) for downlink
transmission will be analyze using optisystem software.

18. REFERENCES
• A. Goldsmith, Wireless Communications. Cambridge, U.K.:
Cambridge Univ. Press, 2005.
• “Optisystem” By Optiwave system, inc ,Published
2008, Optiwave system inc.
• “Microstrip Patch Antennas: A Designer's Guide” By Rodney
B. Waterhouse, Published 2003 Springer.
• Istvan Frigyes, “Basic Microwave Properties of Optical Link”
In: Hamed Al- Raweshidy, Shozo Komaki. Radio over Fiber
Technologies for Mobile Communications Network. : Artech
House Inc., USA, 2002.
• “Engineering of Fiber Optics Infrastructures” By r. Pirich, May
2012 IEEE Long Island.
• “On the performance of LTE 4G” By lahetkangas and Eeva.
European Wireless, April 2012. EW. 18th European Wireless
Conference.