3. Aspirin is an ester
Alcohol+acid +ester
Aspirin is the common name for
(ASA)acetylsalicylic acid and belongs to a
group of drugs called salicylate it is a:
White, crystalline, weakly acidic substance.
4. aspirin is a medicine that relieves
pain and reduces fever.
Europe in 1899.
German chemist named Felix
Hoffman as a treatment for his
fathers arthritis.
6. Medicines containing derivatives of
salicylic acid .
Aspirin s popularity declined after the
release of paracetamol (acetaminophen)
in 1956 ibuprofen in 1969
7. Aspirin is still used to relieve many
kinds of minor aches and pains
headaches .
Toothaches.
Muscle pain.
Menstrual cramps.
Joint pains associated with arthritis.
9. Aspirin has been used to treat pain and
arthritis in veterinary medicine .
In dogs
Horses have also been given aspirin for
pain relief .
Aspirin should only be used in animals
under the direct supervision of a
veterinarian.
10. Children under 16
Asthmatics
Women in the last trimester
of pregnancy
Heavy alcohol drinkers
People with bleeding
disorders.
12. Upset stomach .
lose of appetite.
Fever.
Thirst.
liver damage .
Sneezing and blurriness in the eye.
13. Plants produce salicylic acid , and it
makes sense how aspirin helps plants,
because aspirin is so similar to salicylic
acid (which naturally is a process that
occurs in plants)
adding dissolved aspirin to plants can
cause the same immune response as an
infection ,intentionally triggering the
plant to strengthen itself
14. Raw Materials
The Manufacturing
Process
1.Weighing
2.Mixing
3.Dry screening
4.Compression
5.Testing
6. Bottling and packaging
15. To produce hard aspirin tablets, corn starch
and water are added to the active ingredient
(acetylsalicylic acid) to serve as both a
binding agent and filler, along with a
lubricant.
lubricant is added during mixing
(hydrogenated vegetable oil, stearic acid,
talc, or aluminum stearate).
aspirin tablets contain different diluents,
such as mannitol, lactose, sorbitol, sucrose
( which allow the tablet to dissolve at a
faster rate and give the drug a pleasant
taste)
16. Aspirin tablets are
manufactured in different
shapes.
Their weight, size, thickness
, and hardness
the tablets may be flat, round
, concave, or convex to various
degrees. The tablets may also
have a line scored down
the middle of the outer surface.
17. The corn starch and the lubricant
are weighed separately
in sterile canisters
to determine .
18. By machine called a Glen Mixer
Mixing blends the ingredients
as well as expels air from the mixture.
mechanically
separated into
units its called slugs.
19. small batches of slugs are forced through
a mesh screen by a hand-held stainless
steel spatula
20. This drawing illustrates the principle
of compression in a single-punch
machine. First, the aspirin mixture
is fed into a dye cavity. Then
, a steel punch descends into the
cavity and compresses the mixture
into a tablet. As the punch retracts
, another punch below the cavity
rises to eject the tablet
Testing
see Quality Control section below
21. The tablets are transferred to bottling assembly line
dispensed into clear or color-coated polyethylene or polypropylene
plastic bottles or glass
topped with cotton packing, sealed with a sheer aluminum top
serves as an additional seal
to discourage and detect
product tampering.
labeled with product information
, expiration date ,
then packaged in individual
cardboard boxes.
then boxed in larger cardboard
boxes in preparation for distribution
to distributors.
Finished aspirin tablets
