1. COMP1-A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

2. Computer Hardware
• Facilitate the storage and processing
of data under the direction of a
stored program.
COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

3. There are many parts that work
together to make a computer work.
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COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

4. Types of Devices
Digital versus Analog
- Most computers today are digital. Their circuits
have only two possible states, such as “Off” and
“On” or “0” and “1”.
- An analog device operates on continuously varying
data and has an infinite number of possible states.
COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

5. NEXT
COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

6. Basic Hardware units of a computer
Central Processing Unit
(CPU)
Arithmetic
and Logic
Unit
ControlInput Output
Main
Memory
Secondary
storage
COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

7. Computer Hardware
• CPU
• Memory (RAM)
• Motherboard
• Hard Disk
• System Unit
• Power supply
•Network Card
•Sound Card
•CD/ DVD Rom Drive
•Video Card
•Input Devices
•Output Devices
COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

8. What is the system unit?
A boxlike case that houses the
computer’s main hardware components
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COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

9. CPU
• also called “The Chip”, a CPU, a processor, a
microprocessor or “brain” of the computer.
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COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

10. What are the components of the
CPU?
Control unit
Arithmetic-Logic
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Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

11. Control Unit- Coordinates and controls all
parts of the computer system
Manages four basic operations (machine cycle)
Fetch- Gets next program instruction from the
computer’s memory
Decode- Figure out what the program is telling
the computer to do
Execute- Perform the requested action
Write-back (Store)- Write (store) the results to
a register or to memory
11
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CS Department

12. Control unit ALU
Memory
How a CPU works
Click to
animate.
Click one
time only
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13. 13
Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU)
-Perform basic arithmetic or logic operations
-Add, Subtract, Multiply, Divide
-Compare two items to see which one is larger
or smaller
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CS Department

14. Registers
• Stores the most frequently used instructions and
data.
• The instruction pointer
14
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CS Department

15. 15
- A term for a device that enables the computer to
retain (store) information.
- Holds instructions for processing data, processed
data, and raw data.
Memory (RAM)
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Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

16. WEB
KEYBOARD
CPU
RAM
MONITOR
CLICK TO BEGIN
ANIMATION
HOW DOES RAM WORK?
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CS Department

17. Motherboard
-Large printed circuit board with thousands of
electrical circuits where most of the electronics
including the CPU are mounted
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COMP1 AMaa’m Annalie
CS Department

18. Hard Disk
• Capacity is measured in
gigabytes (GB or billions
of bytes).
• Typically permanently
installed.
• Used to store operating
system, application
software, utilities and
data
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COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

19. Power supply
It supplies DC power to the other components in a
computer.
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COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

20. Network Card
• A circuit board that
permits a computer to
participate in a
computer network.
• has a unique number;
this is used for
addressing. It is called
the MAC address.
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COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

21. Sound Card
• is an internal
computer expansion
card that facilitates
the input and
output of audio
signals to and from
a computer.
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COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

22. CD/ DVD Rom Drive
• Optical storage device.
• Used more often now for backup storage
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COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

23. Video Card
• Connects the
computer to the
monitor. It is a circuit
board attached to the
motherboard that
contains the memory
and other circuitry
necessary to send
information to the
monitor for display on
screen.
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COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

24. Input Devices
• Input is all information put into a computer.
Input can be supplied from a variety of sources:
– A person
– A storage device on computer
– Another computer
– A peripheral device
– Another piece of equipment
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COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

25. Input Devices
• Input devices gather and translate data into a
form the computer understands.
• Primary input device:
– Keyboard - Most common input device; used
to type in commands and data.
– Mouse or trackball enhances user’s ability to
input commands, manipulate text, images.
– Joystick useful in education as an adaptive or
assistive input device.
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COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

26. Input Devices
• Scanners are peripheral input devices which
allow users to import:
– Text , Graphics and Images
• Digital Cameras are peripheral input devices
that allow users to create pictures and/or movies
in a digital format.
• Microphone - Allows the user to record sounds as
input to their computer.
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COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department

27. Output Devices
Those parts of the computer that provide results of
computation to the person using the computer.
• Monitors are the most commonly used output
device.
- connected to a computer system via a port
integrated on the video adapter or graphics card.
• Printers- An output device that produces a hard
copy on paper.
• Speakers - Used to generate or reproduce voice,
music, and other sounds.
COMP1 A
Maa’m Annalie
CS Department