3. Our Ancestors
The majority of India is a mixture between Indo-Aryan/ Dravidian. The
researchers showed that most Indian populations are genetic admixtures of
two ancient, genetically divergent groups, which each contributed around 40-
60% of the DNA to most present-day populations. One: genetically similar to
Middle Eastern, Central Asian and European populations. The other lineage
was not close to any group outside the subcontinent, and was most common
in people indigenous to the Andaman Islands, a remote archipelago in the Bay
of Bengal.
Researchers say that:
Assamese are the descendants of the ethnic Tai people“ and use a lot of
Japanese words.
Goans have ancestors from Africa.
East Indians or East Indian Catholics have their origins as a Marathi speaking,
later Portuguese or Portuguese creole speaking, now predominantly English
speaking, Roman Catholic ethnic group, based in and around the city
of Mumbai (formerly Bombay) in the state of Maharashtra. These people are
of the original Marathi ethnic group and had been evangelized by
the Portuguese, while retaining much of their pre-Christian traditions.
The people from North India are said to be the descendants of Iranians.
4. India
1.269 million sq miles (3.287 million km²)
India ranks second worldwide in farm output.
As of 2009, India is the fourth largest producer of electricity
and oil products and the fourth largest importer of coal and
crude-oil in the world.
India has the world's third largest road network , the fourth
largest rail network in the world and has a
national telecommunication density rate of 74.15% with
926.53 million telephone subscribers, around 13.3 million
broadband lines.( December 2011)
Mining forms an important segment of the Indian economy,
with the country producing 79 different minerals (excluding
fuel and atomic resources)= 2009–10.
5.
6. Education System in India-Then
The main schools of Indian philosophy were formalized chiefly between
1000 BC to the early centuries AD. Indian philosophy is distinctive in its
application of analytical rigor to metaphysical problems and goes into very
precise detail about the nature of reality, the structure and function of the
human psyche and how the relationship between the two have important
implications for human salvation(moksha). The efforts by various schools
were concentrated on explaining this order and the metaphysical entity at
its source (Brahman). The concept of natural law (Dharma) provided a basis
for understanding questions of how life on earth should be lived.
The earliest Indian paintings were the rock paintings of pre-historic times,
the petroglyphs before 5500 BC.
A 'gurukul' is a type of school prevailed in ancient India, residential in
nature, with pupils living near the guru, often within the same house, learn
from the guru . While living in a gurukul the students had to be away from
his house and family completely. The gurus didn't take any fees and so they
had to serve the
Ruins of Taxila University
The Vedas and the Eighteen
Arts, which included skills
such as archery, hunting,
and elephant lore, were
taught here, in addition to
its law school, medical
school, and school
of military science.
Taxila/Takshila, in old India now
modern-day Pakistan, was an
early Hindu and Buddhist center
of learning, dated back to at
least the 5th century .Generally,
a student enteredTaxilaat the
age of sixteen.
7. Nalanda was established in the 5th century AD in Bihar, India. It
was founded in 427 in Northeastern India and survived until 1197. It
was devoted to Buddhist studies, but it also trained students in fine
arts, medicine, mathematics, astronomy, politics and the art of war.
Excavated ruins at Nalanda, Bihar, India in 1996
Nalanda housed 10,000 students in the university’s heyday and
providing accommodation for 2,000 professors. Nalanda University
attracted pupils and scholars from Korea, Japan, China, Tibet,
Indonesia, Persia and Turkey.
Education in India-Now
Indian value system keeps the teacher at the highest pedestal even today.
Education in India is provided by the public sector as well as the private sector, with control and funding
coming from three levels: central, state, and local. India has made progress in terms of increasing
the primary education attendance rate and expanding literacy to approximately three quarters of the
population.
The education system is divided into different levels such as pre-primary level, primary level, elementary
education, secondary education, undergraduate level and postgraduate level.The National Council of
Educational Research and Training (NCERT) is the apex body for curriculum related matters for school
education in India.
In India, the various curriculum bodies governing school education system are:
The state government boards, The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE).,The Council for
the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE)., The National Institute of Open Schooling,
International schools affiliated to the International Baccalaureate Program, Islamic Madrasah
schools, Autonomous schools like Woodstock School, The Sri Aurobindo International Centre of
Education Puducherry, In addition, NUEPA (National University of Educational Planning and
Administration)and NCTE (National Council for Teacher Education) are responsible for the management of
the education system and teacher accreditation.
8. Favorite Reads
Children like to read books by R.K. Narayan,
Ruskin Bond, Enid Blyton, Oliver Twist,
Charles Dickens, Chetan Bhagat, Arundhatti
Roy, Anita Desai, Amitabh Ghosh, Vikram
Seth, Salman Rushdie and many more. Folk
tales like Malgudi Days, Panch Tantra,
Jataka Tales Aesop’s Tales, Tenali Rama and
Akbar Birbal are hot favorites too with
young and old equally.
9. Movies and TV shows: Midnight's Children, Then She Found Me, Odd
Streets Run West, Great Writers: Salman Rushdie, Next People
Awards: Man Booker Prize, Common Wealth Award of Distinguished
Service, Costa Novel Award, St. Louis Literary Award, New York Times 10
Best Books of the Year, Canadian Screen Award for Adapted
Screenplay, Mythopoeic Fantasy Award for Children's Literature
Salman Rushdie
Vikram Seth and some of his books
10. Arundhati Roy
Movies: In Which Annie Gives It Those Ones, More
Awards: Man Booker Prize, Sydney Peace Prize, Norman
Mailer Prize for Distinguished Writing
11. Indian Art
A strong sense of design is also characteristic of
Indian art and can be observed in its modern as
well as in its traditional forms.
Mughal painting in miniatures on paper
developed very quickly in the late 16th
century. Miniatures either illustrated books or
were single works for muraggas or albums of
painting.. "Sub-Mughal", included Kangra
Painting and Rajput Painting.
The rural, tribal and arts of the
nomads constitute the matrix of folk expression.
Examples of folk artists are Warli and Gond.
Warli Painting on Mud Wall and a Warli Print on a Saari
The Warli (a Maharashtrian tribe) uses only white for their paintings. Their white
pigment is a mixture of rice paste and water with gum as a binding. The walls
are made of a mixture of branches, earth and cow dung, making a red
ochre background for the wall paintings.
Indian art can be classified into specific periods each reflecting particular
religious, political and cultural developments.
•Ancient Period (3900 BCE -1200 CE)
•Islamic Ascendancy (1192-1757)
•Colonial Period (1757–1947)
•Independence and the Postcolonial period (Post-1947)
17. Indian Banknotes in circulation come in
denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500
and 1000. Rupee coins are mostly available in
denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10. The modern rupee is
subdivided into 100 paise (singular paisa)
The Indian rupee symbol is .
18.
19.
20.
21. India Family culture is fascinating because it's very different from standard
western family culture. Family culture in India follows a patriarchal structure
wherein generations of a family often live under the same roof. A patriarch is a
family structure where the oldest male runs the house and calls the shots, even if
he is retired, no longer a bread winner and of older age. Essentially, boys and girls
are both taken care of by their parents from birth, and boys are often taken care of
until they are well into their twenties. Once married, a woman typically moves out
of their parents home and moves into the home of her spouses family.
Earlier only the male member used to be the bread winner but today the girls are
equally qualified and financially independent at least in urban families.
An Indian Family
22.
23.
24. Miss Universe
Sushmita Sen 1994
Lara Dutta 2000
Miss World
Reita Faria 1966
Aishwarya Rai 1994
Diana Hayden 1997
Yukta Mookhey 1999
Priyanka Chopra 2000
Mrs. World
Aditi Gowitrikar 2001
India also holds the record for Winning the Miss Universe
crown and Miss World in the same year twice. Once in 1994
with Sushmita Sen and Aishwarya Rai and again in 2000, Lara
Dutta and Priyanka Chopra when India also won the third
largest pageant Miss Asia Pacific by Indian Beauty Dia Mirza.
