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California Community College Participation Maps
1. California Competes: Higher Education for a Strong Economy
In preparation for California Competes Council meeting, October 2013
Patterns of participation:
California’s community colleges
2. Who enrolls depends in part on the location
and funding of community colleges…
2
4. …and it depends on many other factors too,
including:
The programs and
courses offered
Class schedules
Preparation and
advising at area high
schools
Counseling by the
college
Admissions and
registration processes
Deadlines, waiting lists
Reputation of the
college, the program,
the instructors
Parking, traffic, and
public transportation
Financial aid staffing
and approach
Athletics
Diversity, language
Friends & relatives
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5. 600 and above
500-600
400-500
300-400
Below 300
As a result of all of these factors and more,
the intensity of community college
enrollment varies across the state
FTE per 10,000 adults:
Highest
Lowest
Average
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6. What about need?
We should perhaps
be concerned that
Oakland’s
impoverished
Fruitvale area has
only average
community college
participation.
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7. But it is neither
surprising nor
worrisome that
relatively few people
in San Francisco’s
tony Pacific Heights
area take community
college classes.
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8. The interactive map allows us to show only
the areas with greater need
Here, we exclude zip
codes where a large
proportion of the
adults already have
college degrees
(40% of more with an
associate’s degree or
higher)
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9. L.A. – Inland – Orange
showing all zips
Note of caution:
geographically large areas
like these up here often have
very small populations
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11. Also needy but not going
High rates of CCC enrollment
50,000 adults, ¾ Black and Latino,
only 18% with degrees.
26,000 adults, 39% Black and Latino,
only 24% with degrees.
36,500 adults, 94%
Black and Latino,
only 9% with degrees.
In the high-enrollment zips, more than a
third of the students are attending
College of the Canyons 37 miles to the
northwest!
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12. With the less needy areas now showing,
you can see heavy participation from
Santa Monica and Glendale. (Note: need
is measured by community—the students
from these areas are not necessarily less
needy.)
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34. Draft policy recommendations
Establish participation targets by area, taking
attainment and other need factors into consideration.
Create financial incentives for colleges to enroll and
successfully serve adults from needy areas.
Allow colleges to establish locations outside of their
technical district boundaries.
Enlist assistance from high schools and outreach
programs in high-need low-participation areas.
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Photo: Santa Ana College? ranchovisions.wordpress.com - 3008 × 1960 - by Jason Kehler
Who enrolls is affected by a colleges’ decisions about:ExampleCredentials to offerLiberal arts transfer, nursing, radiology, truck driving, culinary arts, and hundreds more.Courses to offerLogistics, literature, remedial math, statistics, ceramics, history, robotics, swimming, graphics arts, and thousands more.Seats availableDepends on the number of sections offered (which depends on faculty hiring and workloads) and class sizes.Class locationsMost classes are held at one of XXX campuses and centers. Course credits can also be earned online and through flexible independent study.Course schedulingMorning, afternoon, evening, weekend; the number of sessions per week; the clustering of related courses.OutreachHigh school presentations, advertising, social media, and other efforts to provide information about programs, support and financial aid to targeted populations.AdvisingHelp in figuring out which of the hundreds of possible pathways to start out on, and how to be successful.BureaucracyMethods of identifying options, enrolling in programs and courses, and getting financial aid, bus vouchers, parking, etc.RevenueIn addition to state appropriations (and local revenue bonds that finance facilities), colleges expand enrollment and services by enrolling full-pay out-of-state students, full-pay community services, and donationsResponsivenessA college’s reputation for finding ways to serve demonstrated community or student needs contributes to student interest in enrolling. From CCLC brainstorm:Schedule: start dates, time of courses (morning, afternoon, evening), and whether can take more than one course conveniently without having to go back and forth to the collegeParkingCost, financial aid, and knowledge about itRetraining – whether they see it as offeredProcess of signing up on the web siteDiversity – are people like me already enrolledLanguageAvailability of seat in the program they’re interested in, and being able to get through Existence of a waiting list can drive them awayTransfer rate, completion rateRelationship with a neighboring universityFriends, neighbors, relativesKnow they can get a jobAthleticsInternships
Acquire community college enrollment data by zip code for 2010-11. (Cerritos problem, adjust). Headcount and FTE.(Yes, Burbank is a “census place” near San Jose in addition to being a city in southern California)Match to census data on population, ethnicity, unemployment, poverty, and postsecondary degree attainment– by ZCTA.Added college locations. Centers??Below 300 = very low (about the bottom 10% of the 18+ population)300-400 = low (about the next 25%400-500 = average (about the middle 33%; the average is 450 and median is 438)500-600 = high (68th to 89th percentile) -- 600 and above = very high (top 11%)
Fewer than 20% with at least an associate’s degree20-29%30-39%40-49%50% and upWeighted by population they aren't too terribly far from quintiles:23.00%24.49%18.85%14.88%18.79%I didn't try weighting by 18+ population
Fewer than 20% with at least an associate’s degree20-29%30-39%40-49%50% and upWeighted by population they aren't too terribly far from quintiles:23.00%24.49%18.85%14.88%18.79%I didn't try weighting by 18+ population
Need measured by degree attainment – adults who already have a degree
Bottom two attainment areas (under 30%)
ZCTAs 90057 and 90017 (17, 55, 81, 84, 88) – east of the 110 (east downtown LA)18% college attainmentcombined 50K adults, ¾ black and latino, 40%+ poverty, 233 and 279 CCCPI = 250LA City (to the north) 40%LATT (to the south) 20%Santa Monica 16% 90063 (just west of the 710, south of CSULA and the 10) 36,500 adultsCollege attainment only 9%97% black and latino, 24% povertyCCCPI 726!East LA (to the east) 42%College of the Canyons (37 miles north) 41%Dark is 90012CCCPI of 954!40% College of the CanyonsEast LA 36% (why not LATT?)
Santa Monica: 691 (darkest), attainmentGlendale: 705
all
Lower two attainment groups (under 30)
Highest two attainment groups
All attainment layers – notice the 628 where Mount SAC is (left side in the middle, 53% attainment). To it’s right is a 381 PI area that is 80% Black and Latino, 18% attainment Note also Chaffey (mid north) and its fairly strong enrollment (503-564)
ONLY the bottom two attainment layers (below 30%) the Mount SAC and Chaffey high participation areas are out.
All
Lower attainment areas – Southwestern is the southwestern college serving the high population areas on the bottom. SD City is the one downtown. Upper middle is Grossmont (left side is Miramar and Mesa)
All
All attainment layers
Average and lower two attainment areas.No college between Merritt and Chabot?
Contra Costa, DVC, and Los Medanos
Average and lower two attainment areas –DVC is the highest attainment area AND has the highest CCCPI: 903 (15% black and latino)Concord zips right next door (94520, 22, 24, 27) are 55% black and latino, 21% attainment, and PI of 397 -- LESS THAN HALF.
Lower two attainment layers: American River, Sac City, and Cosumnes River all on the left (Folsom Lake on the right)
College of the Siskiyous,Shasta College, Lassen
Average and bottom two layersFrom upper left: CSM, Canada, Foothill, De Anza, West Valley, up to Mission, Burbank=San Jose City, upper right is Ohlone, and right is Evergreen Valley.Cupertino PI is 658. The SJ City College zip is just under 500 (498) – and only 36% going to SJ City, another 20% going each to WV and De Anza. The Santa Clara zip is equally SJ City and De Anza.
PPI of 1223 (8K adults) where SBCC is. High attainment area, as are most of the dark areas.
Cabrillo, Gavilan, Hartnell, MPC
Cabrillo is serving a very high-attainment area. These remaining are average and low attainment areas (Gilroy is just into the average territory). Hollister and Prunedale are more needy. Watsonville is in lowest layer (19%) of attainment. Two areas of Salinas are interesting – PPI of 638 (20K adults) versus 295 (38K adults)