Nutrition and digestive system.

1. Unit 3. THE HUMAN BODY.

3 A- HUMAN NUTRITION.

3 B- RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.

3C- CIRCULATORY SYSTEM.

2. Unit 3 A : Human Nutrition.
INDEX

3. Unit 3(a): Human body.
1.
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New words.
Breaking down-romper/deshacer.
Break up-partir.
.
Slippery-resbaladiza
To swallow-tragar.
Small intestine-intestino delgado.
Large intestine- intestino grueso.
Gall bladder- vesícula biliar.
Bile- bilis
Bolus of food- bolo alimenticio.
Pharynx-faringe.
Chyme- quimo
Chyle- quilo

4. Unit 3(a): Human body.
1.
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New words.
Salivary glands –glándulas
salivares.
Liver-hígado.
Juices- jugos.
Takes place- tiene lugar.
Pancreas- pancreas.
Plenty- mucho.
Gastric juices- jugos gástricos.

5. Unit 3(a): Human body.
-Definition of Nutrition.
Nutrition consits of extracting
nutrients and oxygen, distributing
them around the body and
excreting the residues.

6. Unit 3(a): Human body.
1.
The Nutrition processes.
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Digestion. Consists of breaking down
food into simpler substances until we
obtain energy.
Breathing. we obtain the oxygen from
the air.Our cells need to work and
excrete the carbon dioxide that we
produce as a residue.

7. Unit 3(a): Human body.
1.
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Circulation. Consists of
transporting nutrients, oxygen
and residues around the body.
Excretion. Is the expulsion of
the residues.

8. Unit 3(a): Human body.
1.
The
Nutrition
systems.
THE
DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
THE
RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
THE
CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM
THE
EXCRETORY
SYSTEM

9. NUTRITION SYSTEMS:
The Digestive system
The Respiratory system
The Circulatory system
The
Excretory
system

10. DIGESTION
It consists in breaking down food into
simpler substances until we obtain the
nutrients.
It includes:
 The digestive tract
 The digestive glands.
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11. The digestive tract
includes: Mouth

Pharynx
Oesophagus (foodpipe)
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
The digestive glands are:
Salivary glands
Gall bladder
Liver
Pancreas

12. :

13. Mouth
It
breaks up food and
makes it slippery so it
is easy to swallow.

14. Mouth

15. Pharynx
 It
is the passage to the
stomach and lungs.

16. Pharynx

17. Oesophagus
(gullet)(food
pipe)
 the
tube that connects your
mouth and your stomach

18. Stomach
 A stretchy
bag that
helps to break food into smaller
pieces so your body can use it
for energy and nutrition.

19. Oesophagus
Stomach

20. Small Intestine
 Tube
that is 20 feet long.
 It
absorbs digested food into the
blood.
 Food
stays in your small intestine
for 4 to 8 hours

21. Small
Intestine

22. Large Intestine
 Tube
that is 5 feet long.
 Gets
waste from small intestine.
 Waste
stays for 10 to 12 hours

23. Large Intestine

24. Gall Bladder

Storage tank for bile (a greenishyellow liquid) that helps your body
break down and use fats.

Located under your liver.

Shaped like a pear.

25. Gall
Bladder

26. Liver

Factory for antibodies and bile.

Stores vitamins and sugars until your
body needs them.

27. Liver

28. Pancreas
 It
makes
chemicals to
digest all kinds
of food.

29. Functions
 Digest
 Take
the food we eat.
the nutrients out of your food
so your body can use it.

30. Summary
Functions

Digests food

Absorbs nutrients
for the body
Components
 Mouth
 Oesophagus
 Stomach
 Small intestine
 Large intestine
 Pancreas
 Liver
 Gall Bladder

31. Stages of Digestion

32. Four Stages of Digestion
Ingesting
 Digesting
 Absorbing
 Eliminating
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33. Stage 1:Digestion in the mouth
and oesophagus
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The teeth cut the
food. The salivary
glands produce
saliva. The tongue
mixes the saliva with
the food and forms a
bolus of food.
This passes down the
pharynx and the
oesophagus.

34. Esophagus: as food passes
through the pharynx, the
epiglottis covers the airway
tube.
 The food moves on to the
esophagus.
 The esophagus is a tube
that connects the pharynx
and the stomach.


35. The esophagus is
long and muscular
 The bolus is pushed
through the
esophagus in a
process called
peristalsis.


36. Stage 2: Digestion in the Stomach
The stomach produces
substances called gastric
juices.
When these juices mix with the
bolus of food, they form a
partially digested food paste
called chyme.

37. Stage 3: Digestion in the Small Intestine
The pancreas produces
pancreatic juices.
 The liver produces bile.
 The intestine produces
intestinal juices.

These juices and the
movements of the small
intestine form chyle
which contains the
nutrients.

38. Stage 3: Digestion in the Small Intestine
ABSORPTION:
 The walls of the intestine
contain veins and
capillaries which absorb
the nutrients.
 They are transported
through the circulatory
system all around the
body in the blood.


39. Stage 4: Digestion in the Large Intestine

In the large intestine,
water is extracted from
the residues which form
faeces.

These are excreted
through the anus.

40. Activities:
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3.1 page 23 –
Chyme is formed in
the sotmach.
 Faeces are formed in
the large intestine.
 Capillaries absorb the
nutrients in the small
intestine.
 Food is masticated in
the mouth.

41. Activities:

Digestive glands
are:

Salivary glands,
liver, gall bladder,
pancreas.
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Parts of digestive
tract:

Mouth, tongue,
pharynx,oesophagu
s, small intestine,
large intestine.

42. Digestion Summary:
ORGANS
FUNCTION
MOUTH with teeth,
tongue and salivary
glands.
Cuts the food and
produces
SALIVA
PHARYNX AND
OESOPHAGUS
Move the food with
movements called
PERISTALSIS
BOLUS
STOMACH
Produces
GASTRIC JUICES
CHYME
SMALL INTESTINE
with
Liver, Gall bladder
and
Pancreas
Produces
CHYLE
INTESTINAL JUICES
AND BILE
and absorbs
NUTRIENTS
LARGE INTESTINE Excrete
RESIDUES
FOOD
TRANSFORMATION
BOLUS
FAECES

43. Healthy Habits
 Eat
food that
is high in fiber
like fruits and
vegetables

44. Drink
plenty of water

45.  Chew
your food completely
before you swallow

46. Avoid foods high in
fat

47. Interesting Facts
 Food
is in your digestive
system for about 24 hours

48.  Your
stomach stretches when
you eat like a balloon being
filled with air

49.  You
have a trap door called the
epiglottis to cover your
windpipe when you swallow.

50.  Your
stomach mashes your
food the way a baker kneads
dough for bread.

51. Summary
Healthy Habits
 Eat
high fiber foods
 Drink lots of water
 Chew food well
 Avoid high-fat foods