Youth unemployment in Poland

1. POLAND
Impact of the economic slowdown on the
labour market was the most profound in the
case of indicators related to creation and
retention of new jobs;
TC EEC Development academy
01-08 April 2014
Kobuleti, Georgia

2. Youth Unemployment in the EU
• Around 5 million unemployed young people in
the EU
• 1 in 5 young people in the labour market is
unemployed
• More than 30 % in Lithuania
• More than 40 % in Estonia, Latvia and Spain
• More than 20 % in Poland

3. LABOUR MARKET
Polish youth, still in the vanguard of the Europeans in
terms of education, with participation rate of 70.8% of the
population at the age bracket 15-24;
In the years 2007-2010 Poland observed the highest
growth in the employment rate in the EU-27, the
employment rate increased by 4.8 PP and in 2011
reached.
Declining unemployment, with the unemployment rate
falling by 4.3 PP (to the annual average of 9,6% in 2010
r.), with the long-term unemployment declining by 25
PP (the larges decline in the EU-27).

4. So: MAIN REASON of YOUTH
UNEMPLOYMENT
– The inequalities in the labour market can be
balanced by advanced education, entrepreneurial
programmes and financial support for young
entrepreneurs.

5. Don’t forget: Poland is still in Red
Euro Area for European
Structural Funds

6. 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
%
years
Youth unemploymentby education
higher education
vocational secondary
generalseconadary
basic vocational
primaryand incomplete
primary

7. 1. Support to youth entrepreneurship and
self-employment
In Poland:
• FM Bank - who serves newly established
companies with less than 12 months business
history (which represent a relatively high risk for a
micro-lenders and are therefore currently excluded
from external financing in Poland);
• Erasmus for young Entrepreneurs – business
exchange programme: 2600 candidates accepted;
Eur11 million spent so far.
http://www.erasmus-entrepreneurs.eu/

8. 2. What could be the most important in
boosting youth entrepreneurship in Poland?
• Money? Culture? Incubation of resources?
Human capital?
1st factor: Advanced education supports
entrepreneurial entry through:
• The acquisition of skills – students have more chances to
develop necessary skills important for an entrepreneur,
especially critical thinking, communication and teamwork,
• Providing an access to certain social networks,
• Sorting people by ambition and assertiveness.

10. • 2nd factor: It was confirmed while testing
the effect of entrepreneurship
programmes on entrepreneurial attitudes
and intention of students that:
– Inspiration (and not learning or resource-
utilisation) was the entrepreneurial
programme's benefit related to the increase of
subjective norm and intention towards self-
employment.

11. • 3rd factor
- Work experience - gives and access to:
social networks, market information,
capital, potential customers.
Compulsory internship at 1st, 2nd and 3rd
level of HE

12. Fighting youth unemployment
• Policy framework to improve youth
employment
• focus on fighting segmentation; provide
adequate safety nets; encourage
entrepreneurship;