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Similaire à Jan Lambrechts - LCS Belgium
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Jan Lambrechts - LCS Belgium
- 1. © µ-Joining µC 121206
121203 LCS
Micro - Joining,
the Adhesive Bonding Approach.
Themadag Mikrocentrum
Eindhoven – 6 december 2012
LCS Belgium bvba, Consultancy in Adhesive Bonding Technology
www.lcs-adhesivebonding.com
Where it’s all about …
• Introduction … always with examples
• Bonding as alternative for …
• What is bonding ? The theory …
• Surface Treatment Methods
• External Influences
• Adhesive Types
• Design with Adhesives
• Examples including equipment and QC
• Conclusion
NASA – Spaceshuttle – Heatshield vs Medical Needle – PP to Inox
Bonding: an alternative for …
• Welding: – Electric Arc Welding, – Ultrasonic Welding, – Laser Welding
• Soldering
• Screws, Bolts & Nuts
• Clinch-nails & Rivets
• Folding, Pressing en Flowdrilling
• Clasp constructions & Springs
• Sewing, Stitching & Stapling
Advantages of Adhesives
• Easy & Fast: less rework
• Also for dissimilar materials – e.g. metal-plastic & thick-thin
• Higher Strength: uninterrupted joint – No or less weak points
• Improved Stress-distribution & -reduction – Higher fatiguestrength
• Sealing: corrosion prevention – Liquid- & gastight
• Damped Vibrations – less Noise S&R
• Light: weight reduction
• Esthetic: invisible
• Bonding also “Thin” & “Small” components
• Less componentsµ
LCS Adhesive Bonding bvba Copyright © 2012-06-07
- 2. Pseudo-disadvantages of Bonding
• It’s “Chemistry” ! It’s a mess !? = Operator dependent
• Environmental aspects: – Water based adhesives – Recycling of adhesive and cleaners
• Cleanliness of substrates
• Design flexibility: is manageable
• Speed: adhesive type dependent
• Dangers: exothermic reactions, H&S
• Difficult Disassembly: recycling
• Limited Strength & Temperature Resistance
Sticking as a Gecko – IFAM
• Subtle hairs with a molecular bond: van der Waals forces
What’s “Bonding” ? Definition
Joining of
two substrates
by means of a
third medium
= the adhesive
Adhesion vs Cohesion
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What’s “Bonding” ? Mechanisms (cfr Wikipedia)
• Vanderwaals: – Glassplates experiment
• Chemical: – Si primer
• Mechanical: – Surface roughness
But what’s really on the ‘Surface’ ?!
Surface condition of substrates !!!
Why Surface Treatment ?
• Strength: adhesion - cohesion ( rupture )
• Wetting ( > 40 Dyne/cm)
• ‘Contact Angle’ measurement
• Watertest
Pretreatment of substrates
• Degreasing: cloth, vapour, ultrasonic
• Grinding: roughen = > surface
• Blasting: grit-, ice- . NON-recirculating !
• Primers: silanes – thickness = µm
• Chemical etch: bv Aluminium
• Flame & Corona: foil & sheet
• Plasma: vacuum & atmospheric – CA!
• Laser: surface structure change
Failure Types
• Cohesive failure: in the adhesive
• Adhesive failure: on the surface of at least one of the substrates
• Material Failure: one of both substrates
• Mixed Failure: a combination of the above
LCS Adhesive Bonding bvba Copyright © 2012-06-07
- 3. Failure Types Medical needles
• Cohesion failure: lack of cure
• Material failure: plasma treated + fully cured
Surface Treatment with Atmospheric Plasma – Video
External Influences
• Time: aging – degradation in function of time
• Temperature: -change en thermoshock – under the hood: -55° tot +125°
C C
• Vibrations & Shock: noise - S&R
• Chemical: salt + humidity = corrosion
• Radiation: X-ray, α-, β-, γ-radiation – Radioactive – Light: UV degradation – color permanency
• Medical: USP Class VI – ISO 10993 - sterilisation, biocompatibility, citotoxicity
Adhesive Types - Graph
• Epoxy: highest performance, chemical resistant
• Polyurethane: humidty sensitive, cheap
• Silicone: flexible, price ↑, Mix-Ratio, Visc ≠ f(T)
• Phenolics: high temperature applications
• UV & light- curing: fast, price ↑, light sensitive
• Acrylates: highest strength, smell, initiators
• Cyanoacrylates: moisture cure
• Anaerobics: thread lock – metal+ & air cut off
• Hybrids : EP/Si, PU/EP, UV + moisture or T …
• Exotics: polybutadiene, MS-polymer, PSA, …
• Hotmelts: cheap, reactive types, performance
• Tapes: single and double sided
• Ceramic : HT – Waterglass
Ink Cartridges
Gas Filtration
Heat Exchanger
Solvent Based Adhesives
• Medical disposables: – Stress Cracking
• Urgency repair of panty’s: – Acetone based nail remover
• Solvent alternatives
Adhesive Types – UV & LIGHT Curing
• Medical needles
• Glass & plexiglass structures
• CD – DVD lens focus mechanism
• ‘Carglass’ repair
• Jewelry
– Cristal’ clear • Refractive index • Non-yellowing • Fast curing • No oxygen inhibition – not tacky • Strong
Health & Safety – H&S - That’s why there are Safety Measures …
Design = alternative thinking
• Tensile - Trekbelasting
• Shear – Afschuiving L&R – Best for Bonding Applications
• Cleavage - Splijtbelasting
• Peel - Afpelbelasting
Examples (cont’d)
• Tea bags
• Medical Needles en Catheters
• Curing of Adhesives - Timing
• Ra-ra-ra what’s this ?
• Glucose Test
• Blood Tubes
• Detector in Toothbrush
• Modelbouw
• Balloon Catheder
• Pacemakers & Hearing Aids
• Surgical Glue & Dental Surgery
• Nageltrends
• Scanner Sensors
• CA Rubber Bonding
• CD/DVD Laser
• Motor Control
LCS Adhesive Bonding bvba Copyright © 2012-06-07
- 4. • RFID – Identification Systems
• SMD in Electronics
• Watch Mechanism with Chip
• Stacking Potentiometers
• Piezo Diesel Injection
• Piezoelectric Evaporation Device
• Biological Pest Control
• Shaver Blade Cover
• Dosing Equipment – Volumetric – XYZ – 2K
• Nano dispensing equipment - 1 mm - 10 nl
• Chip Packaging in Micro-Electronics
• Fiber-Optics
Quality Control with Vision System
• A: non Fluo • B: non Fluo • C: OK • D: Defect
A few Trends
• Multiple functionalities: Vibration dampening - S&R
• More composites and ‘all-in’ adhesives
• Increasing Price pressure ↑ : Lopez effect - raw materials & energy price increases
• Nanotechnology in adhesives
• It all happens on the surface, less in the adhesive
• Selfhealing Adhesives
• More automation with adhesives
• More ‘Bonding’ for your new Application
Conclusion
The only chance realising bonding projects successfully, is that the
“Triumvirate” of
– the customer with his project
– the glue manufacturer with the adhesive
– the machine manufacturers with their equipment
is working intensively and expertly together, from the design phase on and
on all aspects of the application.
Success Guaranteed !
Thanks for your attention, and we welcome you in ’The Adhesive’s World’
LCS – Your partner in Adhesive Bonding
LCS Adhesive Bonding bvba Independent Consultancy in Adhesive Bonding Technology
Ing. Jan A. LAMBRECHTS MSc.
Bergenstraat 84
B-3053 Haasrode – Leuven
+32-(0)16-38 90 45
+32-475-45 48 98
jan.lambrechts@consultant.com
www.lcs-adhesivebonding.com
121203 LCS © µ-joining µC 121206
LCS Adhesive Bonding bvba Copyright © 2012-06-07