Materials & corrosion

1. Materials/ Corrosion
• Metallic materials and welding
• Corrosion and cathodic protection
• Surface treatment and polymers
• Flame plasma surface treatment
• Inspection technology

2. Metallic Materials
 Metallic Materials – Materials that are like metal; having the
properties of metal; containing or consisting of metal

3. Welding
 Welding is a fabrication or sculptural process that joins materials,
usually metals or thermoplastics, by causing coalescence. This is
often done by melting the workpieces and adding a filler material to
form a pool of molten material (the weld pool) that cools to become a
strong joint, with pressure sometimes used in conjunction with heat,
or by itself, to produce the weld. This is in contrast with soldering
and brazing, which involve melting a lower-melting-point material
between the workpieces to form a bond between them, without
melting the workpieces.

4. Corrosion
 Corrosion is the gradual destruction of material, usually metal, by
chemical reaction with its environment. In the most common use of
the word, this means electrochemical oxidation of metals in reaction
with an oxidant such as oxygen. Rusting, the formation of iron
oxides, is a well-known example of electrochemical corrosion. This
type of damage typically produces oxide(s) or salt(s) of the original
metal. Corrosion can also occur in materials other than metals, such
as ceramics or polymers, although in this context, the term
degradation is more common.

5. Cathodic protection (CP)
 Cathodic protection (CP) is a technique used to control the
corrosion of a metal surface by making it the cathode of an
electrochemical cell.[1] The simplest method to apply CP is by
connecting the metal to be protected with another more easily
corroded "sacrificial metal" to act as the anode of the
electrochemical cell. Another method of protection impresses a
small direct current on a structure. Cathodic protection systems are
used to protect a wide range of metallic structures in various
environments. Common applications are; steel water or fuel
pipelines and storage tanks; steel pier piles; ships and boats;
offshore oil platforms and onshore oil well casings and metal
reinforcement bars in concrete buildings and structures.
 Cathodic protection can, in some cases, prevent stress corrosion
cracking.

6. Surface finishing
 Surface finishing is a broad range of industrial processes that alter
the surface of a manufactured item to achieve a certain property.[1]
Finishing processes may be employed to: improve
appearance, adhesion or wettability, solderability, corrosion
resistance, tarnish resistance, chemical resistance, wear
resistance, hardness, modify electrical conductivity, remove burrs
and other surface flaws, and control the surface friction.[1][2] In limited
cases some of these techniques can be used to restore original
dimensions to salvage or repair an item.
 Surface finishing processes can be categorized by how they affect
the workpiece:
◦ Removing or reshaping finishing
◦ Adding or altering finishing
◦ Mechanical processes may also be categorized together because of similarities the
final surface finish

7. Polymer
 A polymer is a large molecule (macromolecule) composed of
repeating structural units. These sub-units are typically connected
by covalent chemical bonds. Although the term polymer is
sometimes taken to refer to plastics, it actually encompasses a large
class of compounds comprising both natural and synthetic materials
with a wide variety of properties.
IOR: Emulsified polymer (DPR) stimulation at Gullfaks

8. Inspection technology
 Non destructive testing solutions:
◦ Radiography
◦ Computed tomography
◦ Remote visual inspection
◦ Ultrasound
◦ Eddy current
◦ Hardness testing
◦ Metrology

9. Demand

10. Material engineer

11. Welding engineer