5. In automatic, gun recoil ejects the
fired powder case and reloads the
gun.
6. Gun
A weapon consisting of a metal tube
or barrel closed at one end, with
mechanical attachments from which
projectiles are shot by the force of an
explosive.
9. The loading cycle for a large baval breech loader. Notice that there is a
Series of interlocking doors that never permit an open path from the
Gunhouse, down, which a flash might travel to the magazine.
11. Rifled Barrel
Spiral grooves cut in the inner
surface of the gun barrel to give
the projectile a rotating motion
and thus a more precise trajectory
Rifling Lands
The system of rifling spiral
grooves cut inside the bore
12. BARREL
Rifling causes the projectile to spin in
flight, which keeps the projectile from
tumbling after it leaves the barrel, thus
providing greater accuracy.
15. Caliber = barrel length ÷ bore
diameter in inches.
Gun Measurement for Barrels
over 3" in Diameter
16. 20–millimeter .32–caliber
A 20-millimeter machine gun has a bore
diameter of 20 millimeters. A .32-caliber
revolver has a bore diameter of .32 inches.
17. A gun having a bore diameter of 5 inches and
a barrel 190 inches long is designated 5-inch,
38-caliber (written 5/38).
18. What is the designation of a gun
having a bore diameter of 5 inches
and a barrel 270 inches in length?
19. What is the designation of a gun
having a bore diameter of 5 inches
and a barrel 270 inches in length?
It is called a 5-inch, 54-caliber gun
(5/54).
45. Semifixed Ammunition
Refers to a round that consists of a
projectile and a separate case charge
loaded one after the other
Fixed Ammunition
Refers to a round in which the projectile
and powder case are permanently
attached (standard in 3‖ and smaller guns)
46. MAIN CHARGE
IGNITER
PRIMER
Propellant Components
47. MAIN CHARGE
IGNITER
PRIMER
Propellants are chemical compounds
that burn at a rapid rate rather than
detonate or explode.
48. MAIN CHARGE
IGNITER
PRIMER
The first stage in a propellant train is called a
primer
primer; it produces a hot flame that sets off
igniter
the next stage, called igniter; the igniter sets
off the main charge
charge.
49. The three main parts
of a projectile are:
• Its metallic body
• The fuze that sets
off the main charge
• The explosive
burster charge
50. ADF
Explosive (Auxiliary
Body Charge Detonating Nose Fuze
Fuze)
Gun Projectile Assembly
51. ROTATING
BODY OGIVE
BAND
BASE BOURRELET NOSE
Projectile Characteristics
57. Fragmenting projectiles are designed
to damage by blast effect and
fragmentation.
These projectiles have relatively thin
walls and large burster charges
58. Fragmentation Bomb
A bomb designed to break into many
small, high-velocity shrapnel fragments
when detonated
Shrapnel
Shell fragments
59. Antiaircraft Common (AAC) Projectile
AUXILIARY DETONATING FUZE
BASE DETONATING FUZE
MECHANICAL TIME FUZE
Antiaircraft projectiles are normally fuzed to
detonate in proximity of aircraft with the
fragments penetrating the aircraft skin
61. High Explosive–Point Detonating
(HE–PD) Projectiles
These are used against lightly armored
surface targets such as torpedo boats,
shore installations, or personnel.
62. Special purpose projectiles have
a variety of applications, including
illumination, smoke, chaff, and
target practice, and are not intended
to inflict damage by blast or
fragmentation.
64. Parachute Illuminating
Projectiles
Often called star
shells, they contain
a bright flare
attached to a
parachute. The
flare is intended
to illuminate an
enemy target or
terrain as it slowly
descends under
the parachute.
66. Ballistite
A smokeless powder consisting of
nitroglycerine and cellulose nitrate
chiefly in a 40 to 60 percent ratio;
used as a solid fuel for rockets
70. Target projectiles contain sand or
other inert material to simulate the
weight and balance of burster
charges; they are used for surface
gunnery practice.
72. Fuze
A mechanical or electronic device to
detonate an explosive charge,
especially as contained in an artillery
shell, a missile, projectile, or the like
Fuse (different spelling)
A tube, cord, or the like, filled or
saturated with combustible matter,
for igniting an explosive
81. Iraqi Chemical Artillery Projectiles
Artillery projectiles have been produced that
can dispense chemical or biological agents,
and have been used in some of the conflicts
in the Middle East.