2. GOPAL, Y.M
Ph.D SCHOLAR
UAS, GKVK, BANGALORE

3. INTRODUCTION
Participatory Training
The participatory training is an educational process
which encourages participants to see themselves as a source
of information and knowledge about the real world.
 Training controlled by participants.
 Trainer is only the Facilitator.

4. Role play
Role play is training method in which the participants
take different parts as if they were in a play.
 The trainer provides an outline of a situation which they
must act out.
 Other participants observe the role play.
 When the role play is over the trainer facilitates a discussion
with all of the participants.

5. Example of role play
 Participant- A to be a extension worker and to provide
farm planning information to participant B.
 Participant B to be a farmer who want information on farm
planning.
 Participant A should guide Participant B in farm planning

6. Advantages of role play
 It is energizing.
 It helps the suppressed and illiterate to express their feelings.
 It is simple and low cost learning tool.
 It focuses on problems which are real.
 It presents complex issues simply and in a short while.
 It does not need materials/ props or advance.

7. Disadvantages of role play
 There is a possibility of the role play becoming entertainment
which vitiate learning.
 Participants can get too involved in their roles and later loose
objectivity during analysis.
 Acting can become an end in itself and participants can overact or
distort the roles.
 If points for observations are not clear, it may dilute the focus of
learning.

8. Brainstorming
Brainstorming is a method of training which attempts at
eliciting the creative response from the participants.
Components of brainstorming
 The theme
 The trainer
 The recorder
 The participants

9. History
 It started when US space scientists were working on
designing of space suits for astronauts.
 They invited research scholars of other areas of
specialization to express their ideas
 A biologist’s idea was appropriate in designing the suit
 This free expression of ideas has been practice under the
brand name of brain storming

10. Sessions of brainstorming
1. Green session
2. Red session
GREEN SESSION
 Participants will be allowed to express their ideas.
 Creation of atmosphere for creative idea development in
participants.
 Because ideas may not get expressed if there is inhibition.

11. Red session
 The ideas will be screened.
 The less important ideas will be removed
 Finally selection of highly creative, useful and significant
ones

12. Setting up a Brainstorming Session
GREEN SESSION
1. Invite a diversity of individuals
2. Present a brief explanation of the problem and its history.
3. Write the objective of the session, in question form, where
everyone in the room can see it.
4. Dismiss the session for about 40 minutes and allow
individuals to think about the problem on their own

13. RED SESSION
1. Appoint a facilitator who records ideas and keeps the
session moving in a positive direction.
2. Select ideas randomly and read it to the group.
3. Arrange the similar ideas together. Select the five best
ideas.

14. Advantages of brainstorming
 Creation of atmosphere for free generation of ideas
 Free mind facilitates the creative thinking
 Helpful when ready made solutions are not available for a
practical problem
 Dependence on gadgets is less

15. Disadvantages of brainstorming
 Participants do not expose to any sort of presentation on
topic
 Matured participants who can think on their own is
necessary
 Initially it is very difficult to make participants free to come
out with ideas

16. PRACTICAL
METHDOLOGY
1. Objective of brainstorming session
“Strategies to mitigate corruption in India”
2. Recording of ideas
3. Reading ideas to the group
4. Selection of most appropriate ideas