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Vegetable Cultural Practices And Variety Selection
- 1. Cultural Practices and Cultivar Selections for Commercial Vegetable Growers Brad Bergefurd OSU South Centers Piketon, Ohio
- 10. Loam soil is ideal
- 26. Composting
- 40. Season Extension- Zip House Performance
- 41. Floating Row Covers for freeze/frost protection
- 44. Use of landscape fabric or weed matt
- 46. High Tunnels
- 59. Don’t park the cultivator!!
- 61. Raised beds, black plastic mulch & drip irrigation
- 67. Conventional agriculture is related to soil , air and water quality degradation Accelerated nutrients release (e.g. N) Loss of SOM as CO 2
- 68. Leaching, runoff and volatilization of Nutrients with Conventional soil tillage
- 69. Chemical fertilizers dilemma Environmental crossroads Fossil fuels Availability Cost Politics N fertilizer production cost
- 70. Crop rotation Cover crops No till Sustainable agriculture
- 72. Benefits of cover crops
- 73. Common Mistake… Seed is not placed in soil Strategy for success… Plant to correct depth Roll before cover lodges
- 75. We have evaluated 32 different cover crops at OSU South Centers at Piketon for their suitability for: - Biomass and nutrient management - Biomass N contribution -Nutrient recyclers Other characteristics
- 76. Cow peas
- 77. Alfalfa-timothy Clover Crimson clover
- 78. Austrian winter peas Hairy vetch
- 79. Hairy Vetch- Fertilizer equivalent biomass N contribution ~ 80.6 + 4 lbs ac -1
- 80. Sudan-sorghum grass Cereal rye
- 82. Annual ryegrass Fantastic Starfire
- 86. Soil depth (in) Nitrate conc. (ppm) Hemphill and Hart (1993) No cover crops Annual rye grass
- 87. Cover crops killing 5% vinegar @ 35 gallons ac -1 Roll over Roundup
- 88. Challenges with cover crops : Not a “Magic bullet” Unable to replace chemical N fertilizers Delay planting/poor germination Initial lower crop yields (Transitional effect)
- 89. Challenges ….. Difficult to establish good stands Compete with crops for nutrients Immobilize soil N Right combination (allelopathy)
- 90. Poor stand and persistence of hairy vetch as cover crops
- 91. Soil heaving effect on large seeded winter cover crops Example: Austrian winter peas
- 93. Continue to look for appropriate cover crops for your farm
- 95. Disease Triangle
- 121. Transplants
- 122. Larger cell size=earlier harvest
- 125. On farm variety testing
- 131. Want to Learn More? University trials and Field Days
- 132. Seed Company Field Days