Truck Crane review Training

1. 1910.180
TRUCK CRANE OPERATION
REVIEW. PART 1
TRAINER: BILL BROWN
INSPECTION MANAGER
inspections4me@gmail.com

2. Wheel mounted crane
(wagon crane) consists of a rotating
superstructure with power plant, operating
machinery and boom, mounted on a base
or platform equipped with axles and
rubber tired wheels for travel. Its function
is to hoist and swing loads at various radii.

3. Truck Crane
A truck Crane consists of a rotating
superstructure with power plant, operating
machinery and boom, mounted on a
automotive truck equipped with a power
plant for travel. Its function is to hoist and
swing loads at various radii.

4. . DEFINITIONS
AUTHORIZED: IS ONE APPOINTED OR
CREDENTIALLED BY A DULY CONSTITUTED
ADMINISTRATIVE OR REGULATORY
AUTHORITY

5. Competent Person
A competent person is one who by knowledge, training and
experience has demonstrated the ability to solve problems
and preform functions relating to the subject matter and
work

6. Truck Crane

7. Semi Truck Crane

8. Large Boom Truck

9. Carry Deck Crane

10. O S H A
Occupational Safety & Health
Administration
Federal Law (Required action)

11. A N S I
American National Standards Institute


12. .Reaction Time
Measure how quickly the person reacts to a set of signals, or
to an emergency

13. Distance Judgement
Measurement of depth perception is important for Crane
Operators.
Hearing
Several devices are available to test hearing ability. The
person should be able to meet standard requirements.

14. ANGLE INDICATOR
MEASURES ANGLE OF BOOM TO HORIZON

15. Angle Chart

16. SAFETY RULES
There are many safety rules that have been set up to be
observed by Crane Operators. However, if you follow these
rules you will observe most of the necessary precautions
while operating your crane.
.

17. 1. No one but a regularly authorized operator is
allowed to use any crane.
2. Load Rating Chart with clearly legible letters and
figures shall be provided and fixed to the crane. Must
be clearly visible to operator at there controls
3. Before moving crane, be sure that the hook is high
enough to Clear all obstacles.

18. 4. The operator SHALL NOT leave their position at the
controls while a load is suspended.
5. The Cranes Wire Rope SHALL NOT be wrapped
around. the load. Slings must be utilized
6. Do Not carry load over people on floor; sound warning
devices if crane is equipped to warn persons nearby.

19. 7. Do not allow anyone to ride on a load carried by the
crane, or on the crane hook.
8. Do not drag slings chains or lifting devices out from
under loads that have been landed

20. 9. If you are asked to do something that you DO NOT
believe is safe,
you should refuse to do it, and call your foreman/supervisor
in charge for advice
10.DO NOT exceed the rated capacity of your Hoist/Crane
11. An Operator MUST NOT operate a crane if he/she is not
physically
fit to do so.

21. 12. In case of a problem always STOP operation and open
the power switch.
If your crane fails to respond correctly call your
foreman/supervisor.
Attempting to get out of difficulty by repeating the operation
may make the condition worse instead of better

22. 15. Crane operators must follow the signals given to them only
by authorized persons (THE ASSIGNED RIGGER) and should
ignore directions given by others during operation of their
equipment.
The only EXCEPTION to this rule is if ANYONE commands
them to EMERGENCY STOP.

23. Crane Hand Signals
BOOM UP Hoist Up Slow Hoist Down
Boom Down Hoist Up Walk Crane

24. Crane Hand Signals #2
Swing Crane ------------------/ Retract Boom-------/ Everything Slow
EXTEND BOOM

25. Crane Hand Signals # 3
Emergency Stop------------------------------------- Routine Stop------------

26. Who can give the hand signals? or
Who can be a signaler?
a person qualified to give crane signals to
the operator, there should be only one
designated signaler at a time, if signalers
are changing between each other, the one
in charge should wear a clearly visible
badge of authority, a crane operator
should move loads only on signals from
one signaler, a crane operator must
obey STOP signals no matter who
gives it.

27. DON’T BE A HEADLINE
SUMMARY
Every worker should know crane hand signals. Knowing
the signals may allow you to help out when needed If
you are asked to be a signal person, make sure you are
using the same signals as other workers and operators
on the project When tower cranes or situations where
hand signals are not safe enough, ensure that a two-way
radio is used for voice communication. This will give you
direct contact with the operator. Whatever system you
use - hands or radio - make sure the equipment and
workers are able to do the job right.
Don't Be a Headline

28. Cranes
Cranes are designed to make “Vertical lifts of loads ONLY,
DO NOT angle/side load unless it has been determined by a qualified
person not to pose a hazard to equipment or personnel.

29. Limit Devices
A limiting device shall be installed and
maintainted to prevent the hook or other
end fitting from contacting the upper
sheaves.

30. Booms
When sections of booms are added or
removed, full number of bolts or pins of
the material and size recommended by the
manfacture

31. Fire Extinguishers
(i) A carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or
equivalent fire extinguisher shall be kept in
cab or vicinity of the crane
(ii) Operating and maintenance personal
shall be made familiar with the use and
care of the fire extinguishers provided.

32. Power Lines
For operating near electric power lines:
See 1910.333 (c) (3)

33. Load Rating
Load ratings - where stability governs lifting
performance."
1910.180(c)(1)(i)
The margin of stability for determination of load ratings,
with booms of stipulated lengths at stipulated working
radii for the various types of crane mountings, is
established by taking a percentage of the loads which
will produce a condition of tipping or balance with the
boom in the least stable direction, relative to the
mounting. The load ratings shall not exceed the following
percentages for cranes, with the indicated types of
mounting under conditions stipulated in paragraphs (c)
(1)(ii) and (iii) of this section. Truck cranes 85%

34. 1910.180(c)(2)
"Load rating chart." A substantial and durable
rating chart with clearly legible letters and figures
shall be provided with each crane and securely
fixed to the crane cab in a location easily visible to
the operator while seated at his control station.
Load Rating Chart

35. Inspection classification" -
1910.180(d)(1)
"Initial inspection." Prior to initial use all new and altered
cranes shall be inspected to insure compliance with
provisions of this section.
..1910.180(d)(2)
1910.180(d)(2)
"Regular inspection." Inspection procedure for cranes in
regular service is divided into two general classifications
based upon the intervals at which inspection should be
performed. The intervals in turn are dependent upon the
nature of the critical components of the crane and the
degree of their exposure to wear, deterioration, or
malfunction. The two general classifications are herein
designated as "frequent" and "periodic", with respective
intervals between inspections as defined below:

36. Inspection of your Truck Crane
Frequent inspection: Daily to monthly intervals.
1910.180(d)(2)(ii)
Periodic inspection: 1- to 12- month intervals, or as
specifically recommended by the manufacturer.
1910.180(d)(3)
"Frequent inspection." Items such as the following shall
be inspected for defects at intervals as defined in
paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section or as specifically
indicated including observation during operation for any
defects which might appear between regular inspections.
Any deficiencies such as listed shall be carefully
examined and determination made as to whether they
constitute a safety hazard:

37. Daily Inspections to monthly
1910.180(d)(3)(i)
All control mechanisms for maladjustment
interfering with proper operation: Daily.
1910.180(d)(3)(ii)
All control mechanisms for excessive wear of
components and contamination by lubricants or
other foreign matter.
1910.180(d)(3)(iii)
All safety devices for malfunction.
1910.180(d)(3)(iv)
Deterioration or leakage in air or hydraulic
systems: Daily.

38. Page 2 of inspections procedours
..1910.180(d)(3)(v)
1910.180(d)(3)(v)
Crane hooks with deformations or cracks. For hooks with
cracks or having more than 15 percent in excess of
normal throat opening or more than 10 deg. twist from
the plane of the unbent hook.
1910.180(d)(3)(vi)
Rope reeving for noncompliance with manufacturer's
recommendations.
1910.180(d)(3)(vii)
Electrical apparatus for malfunctioning, signs of
excessive deterioration, dirt, and moisture accumulation.

39. Periodic Inspection
Periodic inspection." Complete inspections of
the crane shall be performed at intervals as
generally defined in paragraph (d)(2)(ii) of this
section depending upon its activity, severity of
service, and environment, or as specifically
indicated below. These inspections shall include
the requirements of paragraph (d)(3) of this
section and in addition, items such as the
following. Any deficiencies such as listed shall
be carefully examined and determination made
as to whether they constitute a safety hazard:

40. Inspection Steps Page 1
 Deformed, cracked, or corroded members in the crane structure and
boom.
 1910.180(d)(4)(ii)
 Loose bolts or rivets.
 1910.180(d)(4)(iii)
 Cracked or worn sheaves and drums.
 ..1910.180(d)(4)(iv)
 1910.180(d)(4)(iv)
 Worn, cracked, or distorted parts such as pins, bearings, shafts,
gears, rollers and locking devices.
 1910.180(d)(4)(v)
 Excessive wear on brake and clutch system parts, linings, pawls,
and ratchets.

41. Inspection Steps Page 2
1910.180(d)(4)(vi)
Load, boom angle, and other indicators over their full
range, for any significant inaccuracies.
1910.180(d)(4)(vii)
Gasoline, diesel, electric, or other power plants for
improper performance or noncompliance with safety
requirements.
1910.180(d)(4)(viii)
Excessive wear of chain-drive sprockets and excessive
chain stretch.
1910.180(d)(4)(ix)
Travel steering, braking, and locking devices, for
malfunction.
1910.180(d)(4)(x)
Excessively worn or damaged tires.

42. Rope Inspection
Rope inspection." -
1910.180(g)(1)
"Running ropes." A thorough inspection of all ropes in
use shall be made at least once a month and a
certification record which includes the date of inspection,
the signature of the person who performed the
inspection and an identifier for the ropes shall be
prepared and kept on file where readily available. All
inspections shall be performed by an appointed or
authorized person. Any deterioration, resulting in
appreciable loss of original strength shall be carefully
observed and determination made as to whether further
use of the rope would constitute a safety hazard. Some
of the conditions that could result in an appreciable loss
of strength are the following:
..1910.180(g)(1)(i)

43. Rope inspection #2
1910.180(g)(1)(i)
Reduction of rope diameter below nominal diameter due
to loss of core support, internal or external corrosion, or
wear of outside wires.
1910.180(g)(1)(ii)
A number of broken outside wires and the degree of
distribution of concentration of such broken wires.
1910.180(g)(1)(iii)
Worn outside wires.
1910.180(g)(1)(iv)
Corroded or broken wires at end connections.
1910.180(g)(1)(v)
Corroded, cracked, bent, worn, or improperly applied
end connections.

44. Rope inspection # 3
1910.180(g)(1)(vi)
Severe kinking, crushing, cutting, or
unstranding.
1910.180(g)(2)
"Other ropes."
1910.180(g)(2)(i)
Heavy wear and/or broken wires may occur in
sections in contact with equalizer sheaves or
other sheaves where rope travel is limited, or
with saddles. Particular care shall be taken to
inspect ropes at these locations.
..1910.180(g)(2)(ii)

45. NEVER USE A BAD ROPE!

46. KNOW THE LOAD
THE OPERATOR IS NEVER TO
EXCEED THE CAPACITY OF THE
CRANE.
Look on shippers tag for the weight or
weigh the item on shipping scale.
 If unsure always ask !

47. Testing
Testing" -
1910.180(e)(1)
"Operational tests."
1910.180(e)(1)(i)
In addition to prototype tests and quality-control
measures, each new production crane shall be
tested by the manufacturer to the extent
necessary to insure compliance with the
operational requirements of this paragraph
including functions such as the following:

48. Maintenance Procedure
"Maintenance procedure" - "General."
After adjustments and repairs have been
made the crane shall not be operated until
all guards have been reinstalled, safety
devices reactivated, and maintenance
equipment removed

49. Idle Ropes
All rope which has been idle for a period of a month or
more due to shutdown or storage of a crane on which it
is installed shall be given a thorough inspection before it
is used. This inspection shall be for all types of
deterioration and shall be performed by an appointed or
authorized person whose approval shall be required for
further use of the rope. A certification record which
includes the date of inspection, the signature of the
person who performed the inspection, and an identifier
for the rope which was inspected shall be prepared and
kept readily available.
1910.180(g)(2)(iii)
Particular care shall be taken in the inspection of
nonrotating rope.
1910.180(h)

50. Records
"Inspection records." Certification records
which include the date of inspection, the
signature of the person who performed the
inspection and the serial number, or other
identifier, of the crane which was
inspected shall be made monthly on
critical items in use such as brakes, crane
hooks, and ropes. This certification record
shall be kept readily available.

52. PATH OF OPERATOR
DAILY INSPECTION
1910.179
B30.2 OPERATION

53. 1. PROPER OPERATION, ALL MOTIONS,PROPER MARKING ON CONROLER
2. CHECK ALL BRAKES (NO EXCESSIVE DRIFT) (REVERSE PLUGGING OK)
3.CHECK LOWER HOOK FOR DAMAGE (NICKS,WELDS,SADDLE WEAR, HOOK
BEARING)
4. CHECK HOOK BEARING (FREE MOVEMENT) & HOOK LATCH FOR
PROPER FIT, 15% HOOK STRECH, 10% TWIST
5. CHECK WIRE ROPE FOR BROKEN WIRES,LOSE OF DIAM,KINKS, CRUSHED,OR
ANY DAMAGE.
6. CHECK ROPE REEVING FOR PROPER INSTALLATION AND FIT ON DRUM.
7. CHECK LIMIT DEVICE, CHECK BY INCHING, & FULL SPEED, REVERSE PHASE.
8.OIL LEAKAGE ( NO LEAKS ALLOWED)
19. UNUSUAL NOISE AND VIBRATION ( REPORT ANY IF FOUND)
10. WARNING AND SAFETY LABLES, CHECK TO SEE IF INSTALLED, PENDENT,
DISCONNECT.
PATH OF THE OPERATOR
INSPECTION DAILY CHECK

55. Lower block
Check Sheaves and Lower Hook in block
assy. Check the hook bearing for free
movement.
The lower hook must have a safety latch.
Note: Unless it causes operator more
harm than good. (must be written down
why)
Load testing to 100% to 110% max.

56. OPERATING CONTROLS
ALL LABLES MUST BE LEGABLE
MUST HAVE STRAIN RELIEF ATTACHED
PENDENT MUST NOT HAVE ANY CRACKS