1. ADVANCED WESTLAW
West‟s Instructional Aid Series

2. CONTENTS
• Power Searching: Natural Language
• Power Searching: Terms and Connectors
• Getting the Most from the West‟s Key Number
System
• Getting the Most from KeyCite
• Westlaw.com Features and Related Products You
Might Not be Using
*This course assumes reader has a solid understanding of
Westlaw basics
2

3. NATURAL LANGUAGE: NOT JUST FOR
BEGINNERS
• You may have been told to use Natural Language
searching because there is no special search
method to learn; you just type your search in “plain
language.”
• You can become a Natural Language power
searcher and achieve very satisfactory results.
• In this lesson you will learn how
– the document gets its final ranking in the results
– to manipulate the terms in the search for the best results
– to add alternative terms, including how to use the
Thesaurus
– to exclude terms from your search results
– to conduct a field search in Natural Language
3

4. NATURAL LANGUAGE: NOT JUST FOR
BEGINNERS
• Each document is scored based on the document‟s
statistical relevancy to the specific search.
– The score is used to rank documents in the result.
• The highest-scoring document is displayed first.
• The other documents are displayed in descending order of
statistical relevancy.
• Some documents in your results may not contain
all, or even most, of your search terms.
• Stop words (e.g., the, is, for) and stock phrases
(“whether or not,” “find all the cases that”) are
dropped from the query.
• Grammar is not important, but spelling is!
4

5. NATURAL LANGUAGE: NOT JUST FOR
BEGINNERS
• When you understand how documents are scored, you
can manipulate your Natural Language search for the
most successful results.
– The less often a term appears in a database, the higher it is
scored, e.g., Mazda scores a 10, car scores a 1.
– Equivalencies are applied:
• Avenue = Ave., three = 3.
– Special terms such as key numbers or citations are given
greater weight.
– Westlaw uses the root word form of the term and then expands
it similar to the way the “!” works in Terms and Connectors
searches.
• Expansion is more precise than the “!” in Terms and Connectors
searching
• For example, create = created creating creative, but not creature
5

6. NATURAL LANGUAGE: NOT JUST FOR
BEGINNERS
• Each document is then scored on the basis of
– the score of individual terms from the query in the
document
– how many of the search terms are in the document
– how often the search terms appear
– how close the search terms appear to each other
– the portions of the document in which the search terms
appear, for some content sets.
6

7. MANIPULATE YOUR NATURAL LANGUAGE
RESULTS
• Place alternative terms in parentheses immediately
following the original search term.
– For example: grandparent (grandmother grandfather)
visitation
– You can also use the thesaurus tool to find alternative
terms.
– The original term should usually be the broadest term.
• Place terms of art and phrases in quotation marks.
– Westlaw recognizes more than 78,000 terms of art and
will add the quotation marks in Natural Language.
– To search phrases, put them in quotation marks.
– The document is scored higher when the terms within the
quotation marks are close together.
7

8. MANIPULATE YOUR NATURAL LANGUAGE
RESULTS
• Repeat a critical term in the search.
– The repetition won‟t show up as the search runs, but
Westlaw gives additional weight to that term.
– For example: heroin (drug “controlled substance”
cocaine) dealer dealer
• Include any unique (and relevant) term or phrase
that will help your search retrieve on-point
documents.
– For example, “social host” is a phrase almost always used
in the context of a noncommercial supplier of alcohol
whose guest becomes intoxicated and causes injuries.
– This high-scoring phrase will skew the results to retrieve
relevant cases.
8

9. REQUIRE/EXCLUDE TERMS
• Click Require/Exclude Terms to require or exclude
the appearance of terms in each document.
– You can also set how many times a required term must
appear.
– Be careful about excluding terms; this can have
unintended results.
9

10. THESAURUS
• The Thesaurus helps you select alternative words
for your search terms.
– You can select as many alternatives for as many terms as
you want.
– Click ADD, then OK to return to the search page with the
modified search.
10

11. FIELD RESTRICTIONS
• You can also restrict your Natural Language search
results by fields such as:
–
–
–
–
cases from a specific court
cases decided by a specific judge
cases that have a specific attorney of record.
cases before, after or on certain dates.
• The fields available for use in a Natural Language
search vary by the type of the database.
11

12. WHEN TO USE NATURAL LANGUAGE
• Use Natural Language searching when you are
– not sure of the exact terms and need some flexibility when
structuring your search
– searching in annotated statutes because
• Legislatures often use archaic, non-intuitive language.
• Language in the annotations often directs you to the
appropriate statute.
– searching for broad concepts in any database
– searching in an unfamiliar area of the law
– retrieving too many, too few documents or irrelevant
documents in a Terms and Connectors search.
12

13. CONTENTS
• Power Searching: Natural Language
• Power Searching: Terms and Connectors
• Getting the Most from the West‟s Key Number
System
• Getting the Most from KeyCite
• Westlaw.com Features and Related Products You
Might Not be Using
13

14. TERMS
• Use as many alternative terms as seem
reasonable.
• Think not only of synonyms and acronyms, but also
of antonyms and other terms that in the specific
context might be used as reasonable alternatives.
–
–
–
–
intoxicated drunk inebriated
E.P.A. “environmental protection agency”
constitutional! unconstitutional
“social host” association club company
• The Thesaurus can help you with synonyms and
sometimes acronyms, but it does not contain
antonyms or other irregular alternatives.
14

15. EXPANDERS: MAKING THE MOST OF
TERMS
• The Root Expander (!) retrieves all extensions of words
with variant endings.
– For example: drunk! retrieves drunk, drunken, and
drunkard.
• Be careful not to truncate your root term too
severely:
– For instance, depo! retrieves not only forms of deposition,
but also terms such as deposit, depositor, deposited,
deport, and deportation.
15

16. EXPANDERS: MAKING THE MOST OF
TERMS
• The Root Expander (!) retrieves all extensions of words
with variant endings.
– For example: drunk! retrieves drunk, drunken, and
drunkard.
• Be careful not to truncate your root term too
severely:
– For instance, depo! retrieves not only forms of deposition,
but also terms such as deposit, depositor, deposited,
deport, and deportation.
16

17. EXPANDERS: MAKING THE MOST OF
TERMS
• The Universal Character (*) is used in place of a
letter (like a wild card or a blank tile in Scrabble).
– For instance, dr*nk retrieves drank, drink, and drunk.
• The universal character cannot be used in place of
the first letter of a word.
• The universal character can be used at the end of
a term to specify the maximum number of letters
that may be added.
– For example: object** retrieves object, objects, and
objected but not objective.
17

18. EXPANDERS: MAKING THE MOST OF
TERMS
• You can use more than one expander in a term.
For example:
– s****holder retrieves both shareholder or stockholder.
– dr*nk! retrieves drank, drink, drinkable, drunk, drinking,
drunken, and drunkard.
18

19. TERMS: AUTOMATIC ENHANCEMENTS
• The singular form of a word automatically retrieves the
plural and possessive forms of the word, including
irregular forms.
• The plural or possessive form of a word does not
retrieve the singular form.
– woman retrieves women, woman’s, and women’s
– women or woman’s do not retrieve woman
• Always use the singular unless you have a good reason not to.
• To turn off the automatic plural, place a # before the word.
– #damage (so you don‟t retrieve damages)
– The pound symbol does not turn off possessives.
19

20. TERMS: AUTOMATIC ENHANCEMENTS
• Imbedded Punctuation: below are examples of
where certain punctuation and symbols may or
may not retrieve intended results.
– When you are looking for mention of a statute or
regulation that may or may not include a particular
paragraph or section its citation.
• 415 retrieves 415 as well as 415.5 or 415(b)
• 415.1 and 415(b) do not retrieve 415.
• This is helpful when you are looking for mention of a statute
that may or may not be cited to a particular paragraph or
section.
– Dollar Signs and Percent Symbol
• $4000 does not retrieve 4000 or 4000.00
• 50% does not retrieve 50 percent
20

21. TERMS: AUTOMATIC ENHANCEMENTS
• Automatic Equivalents
– Some variations of the spelling of a term retrieve other
variations:
• Judgment = Judgement
• Millennium = Millenium
– Automatic equivalencies are built into Westlaw. For
example:
•
•
•
•
Three = 3
First = 1st
New York = NY
Avenue = Ave.
– To turn off automatic equivalencies, use the pound sign
before the term.
21

22. TERMS: OTHER ENHANCEMENTS
• Hyphenate compound words in your search.
– A hyphenated term retrieves the term whether it is one word,
two words, or a hyphenated word.
• For example: good-will retrieves good will, good-will, and goodwill.
– If you wonder whether a word is hyphenated, add the hyphen. It
can‟t hurt.
• Use periods between the letters of an acronym to
retrieve all of the following variations of the acronym:
– periods between letters
– spaces between letters
– periods and spaces between the letters
– no periods or spaces between letters
• For example: E.P.A. retrieves E.P.A., E P A, E. P. A., and EPA.
22

23. CONNECTORS
• Order of Processing
– The order in which Westlaw processes connectors can
influence your results.
• Don‟t get too worried about the order of processing: follow
your instincts and you‟ll be fine.
– The general rule is that connectors are processed
from narrowest to broadest. For example, /s is
processed before /p.
– The Westlaw order for processing is:
• phrase (“ “), or (space), number (+n, /n), sentence (+s, /s),
paragraph (+p, /p), and (&), but not (%).
– Connectors of equal value are processed from left to right.
23

24. CONNECTORS
• The first connector processed will create a single unit,
subject to the next connector processed.
– For example, in the search: dog /s bit! /p yard
• First Westlaw finds dog in the same sentence as bit!.
• Then it finds that unit in the same paragraph as yard.
– In the search: “social host” /s liab! /p injur! /s intoxicated
drunk!
•
•
•
•
•
•
The phrase social host is processed first.
Then the space (“or”) is processed.
Then the first /s is processed, creating a unit.
Then second /s is processed, creating a second unit
Then the first and second sentence units are found in the same
paragraph.
24

25. USING PARENTHESES TO CHANGE
ORDER OF PROCESSING (NESTING)
• Terms within parentheses are processed first,
thereby changing the order of processing.
– Here is an example: dog /5 (yard /s bit!)
• First Westlaw looks for yard in the same sentence as bit!.
• Then that unit is found within five terms of dog.
• Parentheses are useful when searching for alternative
phrases
– For example: “products liability” (defect! /3 design!) /s
windshield
• Parentheses are also useful when searching for multiple
citations
– Such as: (15 +5 1311) (42 +5 1985)
25

26. PHRASES WITH QUOTATION MARKS
• Phrases are processed first.
• Stop words within quotation marks are processed
as placeholders:
– In this example: “accessory after the fact” also retrieves
“accessory before the fact”
• You cannot use a connector within quotation marks
– For example: “Simon & Garfunkel” will not be processed
– Instead try Simon +2 Garfunkel
26

27. NUMERICAL CONNECTORS
• In the /n connector, „n‟ stands for a number between 1
and 250.
– Try: explorer /50 tire
• Terms must appear within 50 words of each other; either term can
appear first.
• The /n connector ignores grammatical units such as sentences or
paragraphs.
• Use the /n connector when you want the terms to be
close to each other but not in any particular order.
– For example: limited /3 liability retrieves limited liability or
liability was limited.
27

28. THE PLUS CONNECTORS: +n, +s, +p
• The plus connectors require that the terms to the left of
the connector precede the terms to right by a certain
number of terms, in the same sentence, or in the same
paragraph.
– The search: homeowner +5 insurance requires that
homeowner must precede insurance by five or fewer terms.
• You will retrieve homeowner liability insurance, homeowner fire and
casualty insurance, etc.
• The plus connectors are useful when you need a
term to be repeated within a number of terms,
sentence, or paragraph.
– The search: jones +s jones requires that one Jones precede
the other Jones in the same sentence.
• Whereas: jones /s jones requires only one Jones be present in the
sentence.
28

29. CONNECTORS TO USE SPARINGLY BUT
WHEN NEEDED
• The & (AND) connector requires the terms to the
left of the connector be in the same document as
the terms to the right, whether they are next to
each other or several hundred pages apart.
– The search: good & faith will retrieve many documents,
not all of which will be addressing the issue of good faith.
• You may have to use the & connector when it is the
only way to retrieve any relevant documents.
– For example, the & connector must be used to link
multiple fields together because multiple fields are usually
not in the same sentence or paragraph.
• ti(honda) & at(john /3 brown) & da(aft 1995)
29

30. CONNECTORS TO USE SPARINGLY
• The % (BUT NOT) connector can be added to the
end of a query to exclude certain terms or a
combination of terms.
– Try: d.u.i d.w.i. (driving +4 influence intoxicated) %
“controlled substance” drug heroin cocaine
• This query eliminates any document mentioning any of the terms
that appear after the % symbol.
• It will also eliminate relevant documents that mention one of those
terms in discussing analogous situations.
– Think of what you might be eliminating before using the %.
• It is more useful to use the % to eliminate documents
with terms in certain fields.
– ti(honda) & sy,di(seat-belt) % sy,di(air-bag)
30

31. FIELDS
• Fields make your Terms and Connectors search more
precise or narrow.
– You specify terms, the relationship between them, and where
the terms must appear in the documents.
– Available fields vary by type of database.
• You can create a combined field by manually placing a
comma between the abbreviations of the fields you
want to search within a single query.
– The terms can then be in either field.
• sy,di(“wrongful death” /p insur!)
• pr,ca(“title 11” & “chapter 5” & exception /5 discharg!)
• Westlaw field templates contain combined field text
boxes for commonly combined fields, such as the ones
above.
31

32. LOCATE
• Locate lets you browse your search results for
particular terms, whether or not the terms appear in
your original search.
– A Locate in Result request always uses Terms and
Connectors searching even if the original search used the
Natural Language search method.
– You do not lose the results of your original search.
– When you use Locate, clicking the Term arrows takes
you to the Locate term(s), not the original search term(s).
Click Locate in Result. Enter
Terms and Connectors. Use
the „Term’ key to browse
results.
32

33. NUMBER OF DOCUMENTS IN TERMS AND
CONNECTORS RESULTS
• Too many documents?
–
–
–
–
Use narrower connectors: use /s instead of /p
Use a smaller database: MN-CS instead of ALLCASES
Require additional (not alternative) terms
Limit search to specific field(s)
• Too few or no documents?
– Use broader connectors: use /s instead of /5
– Use a larger database: ALLNEWS instead of MN-NEWS
– Add relevant alternative terms
– Drop what was a required term
– Try a Natural Language search
33

34. WHEN TO USE TERMS AND CONNECTORS
SEARCHING
• Use Terms and Connectors searching when
–
–
–
–
you are searching for particular terms
you need a precise, controlled query
you are searching in a field(s)
you need to find all documents containing specific
information, such as
• all cases with a particular topic and key number, or
• all articles that mention a specific company name
– you need to search a database for which Natural
Language searching is not available
34

35. CONTENTS
• Power Searching: Natural Language
• Power Searching: Terms and Connectors
• Getting the Most from the West‟s Key Number
System
• Getting the Most from KeyCite
• Westlaw.com Features and Related Products You
Might Not be Using
35

36. SUMMARY OF WEST‟S TOPICS, KEY
NUMBERS, HEADNOTES & DIGESTS
• West has divided the law into approximately 400 topics.
• Each topic is broken down into ever narrower points of law
until a specific Key Number is assigned to the narrowest point
of law in that leg of the hierarchy.
• Points of law discussed in a reporter case are summarized in
headnotes.
• Each headnote is assigned to at least one Key Number.
• Digests organize the headnotes by Key Number so cases
with similar issues can be easily found.
36

37. TOPIC, KEY NUMBERS AND DIGESTS ON
WESTLAW
Key Numbers & Digest
Click on the Key Number Digest to browse key numbers
or search the list of key numbers with terms.
37

38. Topic 17
Adoption
17k7.2, Specific Key Number
Search
• The more than 400 topics are arranged alphabetically and are
broken down into subtopics and key numbers as they are in the
print reporters and digests.
• Check the key number(s) that are relevant to your research and
click Search at the bottom of the screen.
• You can also type the key number in the text box at the bottom of
the page and click GO.
38

39. Key Number
Database
Search
• Select your database(s).
• You can add terms to the key number search to further refine
your results.
• Click Search.
39

40. 17 Headnotes
17k7.2(3)
• You have created a Custom Digest document consisting of the
eleven headnotes (digest paragraphs) that met your key number
search request in the database you selected
40

41. WEST KEY NUMBERS: CREATING A
CUSTOM DIGEST FROM A CASE
Most Cited Cases
• You have read headnote 6 of Matter of K.L.L. and want to retrieve
more cases discussing the same issue.
• Click the Most Cited Cases link.
41

42. Order
• You can create your Custom Digest as you did earlier.
• Notice that you can arrange the headnotes in your Custom Digest by
reverse chronological order (most recent) or by the number of times each
case is cited for the issue discussed in the headnote (most cited).
• The latter is a good way to quickly determine which cases will carry the
most authority when cited for that issue.
42

43. CONTENTS
• Power Searching: Natural Language
• Power Searching: Terms and Connectors
• Getting the Most from the West‟s Key Number
System
• Getting the Most from KeyCite
• Westlaw.com Features and Related Products You
Might Not be Using
43

44. GETTING THE MOST FROM KEYCITE:
REVIEW
• KeyCite is divided into two components:
– KeyCite History, which tells whether the case,
statute, patent, or federal agency action is still
good law
• Symbols on the face of the document instantly
indicate the current status of the document.
– KeyCite Citing References, which lists cases,
federal administrative materials and secondary
sources and more that have cited your document.
• Symbols in KeyCite Citing References indicate which
citing references will be of most use to you.
44

45. KEYCITE HISTORY FOR CASES
Red Flag – Your case is no longer good law for at least one of
the points of law it contains.
Yellow Flag – Your case has had some negative history but
hasn‟t been reversed or overruled.
Blue H – Your case has some history.
Green C – Your case has citing references but no direct or
negative indirect history.
45

46. KEYCITE CITING REFERENCES: DEPTH OF
TREATMENT STARS
Examined: extended discussion of your case, usually more than a page.
Discussed: substantial discussion of your case, usually more than a
paragraph but less than a printed page.
Cited: some discussion of your case, usually less than a paragraph.
Mentioned: This case contains a brief reference to your case.
46

47. KEYCITE SYMBOLS: ADDITIONAL
SYMBOLS
Quotation marks – This case
quotes language from your
case word
for word.
HN:13,14 – This case discusses
your case for the points of law
discussed in headnotes 5 and 6
in your case.
47

48. KEYCITE: LIMITING CITING REFERENCES
Limit KeyCite Display
• Roe v. Wade had 20,252 citing references on 8/10/10
• Limit KeyCite Display allows you to limit the results to
specified criteria.
48

49. KEYCITE: LIMITING CITING REFERENCES
You can limit by:
• Headnote (issue)
• Locate
• Jurisdiction
• Date
• Document type
• Depth of treatment
• Select the desired criteria for your citing reference result.
• You can select any number or combination of criteria.
• We‟ll start by selecting the issue discussed in headnote
eight of Roe v. Wade.
49

50. The second limitation is
a date restrictor.
Then choose Locate
and enter
“first trimester.”
Click Apply.
50

51. By restricting results to those discussing the issue of headnote eight
and by using the date limit displayed on the last screen and requiring
that the phrase first trimester occur in the citing references, we have
limited the KeyCite results to the three citing documents from the
original 12,994 that will be of most use to us.
51

52. CREATING A KEYCITE RESULT FROM
WITHIN A CASE
From within a case you have created a KeyCite Citing Reference
list of the cases that have cited Roe for the point of law discussed
in Headnote 1 of Roe.
52

53. KeyCite Alert
KEYCITE ALERT
• KeyCite Alert is a service that automatically monitors the
status of cases, statutes, federal regulations and federal
administrative regulations and sends updates to you when
there has been a change that might affect the validity of these
legal materials.
• KeyCite Alert results are delivered to a destination you select,
such as printer, fax machine, e-mail address, or wireless
device.
53

54. KeyCite Alert
The Monitor
with KeyCite
Alert
link lets you
easily
create a
KeyCite
Alert entry.
Suppose you are basing a legal argument on the court‟s decision in
100 S.Ct. 1. Before you file your briefs or make an argument at trial,
you want to ensure that in the time since you last verified that the
case was good law, there has been no change in the law that might
affect its validity.
54

55. KEYCITE ALERT
Next
• Clicking the Monitor with KeyCite Alert link brings you to the
KeyCite Alert Wizard.
• The wizard takes you step by step through creating
a KeyCite Alert entry.
• Click Next to continue.
55

56. 2.
3.
Select how often you want the
KeyCite Alert entry monitored.
Select which KeyCite
features you want to monitor.
4.
5.
Select when you want to begin
monitoring the case.
Select a delivery destination.
56

57. Continue setting up the alert, and
click the finish button when you
reach this summary page.
Your KeyCite Alert entry
is now listed in your KeyCite
Alert Directory, along with
any previously created entries.
You can delete it at any time.
57

58. CONTENTS
• Power Searching: Natural Language
• Power Searching: Terms and Connectors
• Getting the Most from the West‟s Key Number
System
• Getting the Most from KeyCite
• Westlaw.com Features and Related Products You
Might Not be Using
58

59. KEYSEARCHTM ON WESTLAW.COM
• West attorney-editors have created intuitively named topics
and subtopics that are arranged alphabetically.
• Links to popular subtopics are listed below each main topic
for quick retrieval.
Click the Browse
icon
(
) until you
find the
subtopic you
want to search.
After you have reached
the desired subtopic, click
on the Search icon (
)
to access a search page.
59

60. KEYSEARCHTM ON WESTLAW.COM
Notice that your KeySearch path is displayed at the top of the
page so it is easy to keep track of how you got to this
subtopic.
You can choose to run your
search in reported or unreported
cases or in secondary sources.
KeySearch has generated a query
based on the Key Number
System but there is also a query
that contains other terms so that
unreported cases and secondary
materials can also be retrieved..
You can also add your own terms
To further customize the
60
KeySearch query.

61. KEYSEARCHTM ON WESTLAW.COM
• Use KeySearch when you:
– are unfamiliar with an area of the law
– are unfamiliar with the Key Number System
– need to retrieve unreported cases or secondary-source
documents as well as reported cases
61

62. THE LINKS FOR TAB IN WESTLAW
• The Links for tab in the left frame of a
displayed document serves as a
checklist to expedite, verify and
expand your research. It is especially
valuable in statutory research.
62

63. 11 USCA 524
• The Table of Contents service for statutes and regulations
allows you to view a statute or regulation in the context of the
entire hierarchy of the statutory or regulatory code.
• You can jump to an individual section at any time.
• The Table of Contents opens at the section that was
displayed.
63

64. THE LINKS FOR TAB IN
WESTLAW
• Other valuable links on a statute‟s
Links for tab include links to:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
KeyCite Information for the statute
Historical Versions of the statute
Section Outline of statutes
Notes of Decisions appended to statute
Analytical Materials that discuss statute
Legislative History of the statute
Administrative Materials
Related Key Numbers
64

65. OTHER WESTLAW.COM FEATURES
• Next and Previous Document allows you to browse the statutes or
regulations surrounding a statute or regulation as if you were
paging through the print version of these materials.
• Access Next and Previous Document through the Previous
Section / Next Section links at the top of the section.
• Use this feature to page ahead to section 525, or back to 523.
65

66. OTHER WESTLAW.COM FEATURES
Star Paging allows you to locate a specific print
page within a case when you have been given an
internal citation.
499 N.W.2d 514
Access Star Paging
under the Tools link
at the bottom of
the right frame.
Star Page Request
66

67. OTHER WESTLAW.COM FEATURES
Star Page Request
Page 514
67

68. OTHER WESTLAW.COM FEATURES –
RESEARCH TRAIL
• The Research Trail feature automatically creates a record of
tasks you complete during a research session.
• You can click an item in the Research Trail to return to that
information.
Access from any
• Research Trails are automatically saved for 14 days.
• You can download, print, or e-mail a trail summary.
page by clicking
the Research Trail
link.
Research Trail
68

69. ADD A TAB: JURISDICTION, PRACTICE
AND TOPICAL AREAS
• Access from any page by clicking Add a tab.
• You can select jurisdictional, practice-area, or other specialized
tabbed pages, and create your own personalized tabs.
69

70. • To add a preexisting tab, select the “add Westlaw
tabs” tab, check the tab you wish to add, and then
click “add to my tab set.”
• To create your own tab, select the “create a tab” tab.
70

71. Options:
click show
Bankruptcy tab
Edit
Drag + Drop buckets
or databases
• Each tab page is a template of databases and services relating to
a jurisdiction or area of law.
• You can enter a query and choose a database from the tabbed
page.
• Most tabs can be completely customized. You can add or
remove features, databases, and even buckets of databases.
71

72. OTHER SERVICES
• WestClip® allows you to stay up-to-date on legal issues
without spending unnecessary time online by periodically and
automatically delivering the results of a pre-entered search to
the destination of your choice.
• Related Products
– WestCheck® software and WestCheck.com automatically extract
citations from a word-processing document and run them in
KeyCite to determine whether they are good law.
– West CiteAdvisor® verifies that you have used the correct
citation format in your document, and also creates a table of
authorities for your document.
– Both WestCheck and West CiteAdvisor can be downloaded from
http://west.thomson.com/support/software/
72

73. CONCLUSION
• If you have any additional questions or would like research
assistance, please call the West Reference Attorneys.
• They are available 24/7 at 1-800-850-WEST (9378).
73