Ethio-German Konnect 2013 in Addis Ababa

1. UNITED NATIONS
UNIVERSITY
"Brain Circulation Schemes.
How to Include Diaspora in Higher
Education"
Ethio-German Konnect (EGK 2013)
11-12 November 2013
Dr. Erick Tambo
Associate Academic Officer
United Nations University – Institute for
Environment and Human Security

2. Agenda
v UNU
v UNU in General
v UNU in Bonn (UNU-EHS)
v eLearning@UNU
v UNU and Diaspora
v Brain Drain: some facts
v Brain Circulation Scheme: Teaching
v Brain Circulation Scheme: Research
v Other Brain Circulation Schemes
1

3. UNU
Mandate
“The United Nations University (UNU) establish in 1973 represents the
academic arm of the United Nations system implementing research and
educational programmes in the area of sustainable development, with the
particular aim of assisting developing countries.
Thematic Area
1.) Peace, Security and Human Rights
2.) Human and Socio-economic Development and Good Governance
3.) Global Health, Population and Sustainable Livelihoods
4.) Global Change and Sustainable Development
5.) Science, Technology, Innovation and Society

4. UNU Campus Worldwide

5. The New NEXUS
Science
Education
Practice

6. Structure of UNU-EHS, Bonn

7. Higher Education @ UNU-EHS
Face-to-Face
Courses:
1. Joint Master
2. PhD Block
courses
3. Summer
Academy
4. WASCAL GRP
in Togo
5. Other lecturing
(e.g. Univ.
Bonn; Univ.
Maastricht;
ETH Zurich,
etc.)
Technology
enhanced
learning
1. e-Learning
2. Mobile
learning
3. Quality
assurance
4. OER - Open
Educational
Ressources
Research
Coordination:
Technical
support:
1. PhD programme
2. Visiting Scientist
programme
3. Intership
programme
4. Scientific
Colloquium
5. Alumni Network
1. Lecture
capturing
2. Interview
Recording
3. Blackboard
webbinars
4. Web-based
platforms for
information and
knowledge
exchange

8. eLearning@UNU-EHS
v Conceptualization and Integration of e-learning at
EHS
v Personal and Institutional Capacity Development in
institutions of higher education in Africa
v Open Education & Quality assurance in E-Learning
v Bridging the Gap: Science - Education – Practice
v ICT to alleviate the Brain Drain

9. ICT to alleviate the Brain Drain
The efficient use of ICT can help to reduce the
effect of brain drain à brain gain
Brain Drain
Brain Gain

10. ICT to alleviate the Brain Drain

11. UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY
Vice Rectorate in Europe (UNU-ViE)
UNU Institute for Natural Resources in Africa
Dr. Elias T. Ayuk, Director

12. Brain Drain: some facts
v Since 1990, Africa has been losing 20,000 professionals annually
v Over 300,000 professionals reside outside Africa [OIM, 2010].
v Between 70 and 90 percent of Zimbabwe’s university graduates are now
working outside the country
v About 10 percent of South Africa’s IT and finance executives have departed
in recent years
v Over 21,000 Nigerian doctors practice in the U.S
v Ethiopia lost 75% of its skilled workforce between 1980-91
v There are more Ethiopian doctors on the east coast of the U.S. than there are
in Ethiopia
v To fill the gap caused by this brain drain, Africa employs up to 150,000
expatriate professionals at a cost of $4 billion annually [Shim, 2010].

13. Brain Circulation Scheme: Teaching
v Blended Learning model for supervision of students by Diaspora
experts
Organization of needs, skills and management of processes
Face 2 Face
Short Term Visit
v Introduction/
presentation
v Fieldtrips
v Lab exercises
Online
Synchronous
v Mentoring &
Coaching
v Virtual
Classroom
v Webinars
v Live
Assessment
Asynchronous
v Recorded lectures
v Self paced tutorial
v Web assessment
v Performance monitoring
v Offline learning (Printed
materials CD/DVD, Flash
drive)
v Open Integration

14. Brain Circulation Scheme: Teaching
v Pilot project (Blended Learning Supervision model)
v Nine experts from three countries resp. migrants associations supervising
students in three African universities
v 2-4 weeks face 2 face + online activities integrated into the curricula of
the respective universities
v Partners
v DAESAV e. V., VKII e. V. , DMK e. V.: IT supported organization and
mobilization of experts and project management
v Univ.: Addis Abba(Ethiopia), Yaoundé 1 (Cameroon), Rabat (Morocco):
specification of needs, organization of students and logistics locally
v UN Volunteer to support the management of the project and it integration
to a broader scheme (UNDP TOKTEN, etc.)
v UNU: process design and implementation , infrastructure support
v Outlook/Goal: Evaluation of pilot project and up scaling the model to a PanAfrican perspective with interested partners (OSSREA, IDPC, PAU, etc..)

15. Brain Circulation Scheme: Research
v Linking independent “research Institutions/think tanks” of Diaspora
scientists with research and development processes in the continent
v Context
v Europe/Diaspora: Experience and network, Independence in term of
research, career development, applied research and entrepreneurship
v Host countries/Africa: liberalization of research, strengthening research
(supervision of PhD), strengthening policy making, development of
appropriated solutions, etc.
v Knowledge and technologies transfer bridges: Cooperation/linking experts/
institutions in both context (join proposal/project, etc.), mobility of
researchers, scientific bilateral discussions, etc.
v Models
v Think tank based in Europe with satellites/activities in one or many African
countries
v Think tank based in Africa connected to scientists/networks abroad

16. Brain Circulation Scheme: Research
v Research project: Independent “think tank” of Diaspora scientists as
contribution to development, North –South knowledge and technology
transfer
v Framework for the establishment of think tank by Diaspora scientists
v Quadruple WIN approaches with the integration of international or
continental actors (UN, AU, EU, etc.)
v Existing think tank
v Afford (UK - Africa)
v ADPC (Netherland – Africa )
v Koagni eHealth e. V. (Germany –Cameroon)
v Farafina Institute e. V. (Germany – Ghana , Cote d’Ivoire)
v Engov-Institute (Cameroon – Germany )
v Etc.
v Network/Associations of diaspora leads of experts

17. Other Brain Circulation Schemes …
g
Diaspora and Tele-medicine
g
Diaspora and Tech Hubs

18. Contact
UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY
Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 10
53113 Bonn, Germany
Tel.: + 49-228-815-0259
Fax: + 49-228-815-0299
e-mail: tambo@bonn.unu.edu
www.bonn.unu.edu
“Education is the most powerful weapon which you can
use to change the world.”
Nelson Mandela

19. Literatures
v
[IOM, 2010] International Organization for Migration. http://www.iom.org
v
[Macintosh, 2004] Macintosh, A. Characterizing E-Participation in Policy-Making, In the Proceedings of the ThirtySeventh Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-37), January 5 8, 2004, Big Island,
Hawaii.
v
[Shinn, 2010] African Migration and Brain Drain: http://sites.google.com/site/davidhshinn/Home/african-migration-andthe-brain-drain
v
[Tambo, 2010] Erick Gankam Tambo. A Framework for virtual Seminar in Cameroon. Dissertation Feruniversität in
Hagen. http://deposit.fernuni-hagen.de/2718/
v
[World Bank, 2010] World Bank Officials Engage African Diaspora in Development Efforts.
http://go.worldbank.org/VL2MO5CIN0
v
[P1] Erik van Roekel, Marco Derksen. Banking 2.0 It's all about socialising, sharing and creating. http://
www.slideshare.net/marketingfacts/banking-20
v
[P2] Epic. E-Learning. online learning and Blended solution http://www.epic.co.uk/content/news/may_07/
Lite_Paper_Learning_communities.pdf
v
[P3] What is WEB 2.0, http://widgets-gadgets.com/2006/10/what-is-web-20.html
v
[P4] Computer Supported Cooperative Work. http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_Supported_Cooperative_Work
v
[P5] Elvis Teke. Telemedecine centre goes operational http://www.crtv.cm/cont/nouvelles/nouvelles_sola_fr.php?
idField=3977&table=nouvelles&sub=national
v
Epartizipation: http://www.eparticipation.com/, http://apps4africa.org/, meinparlament.at, participatory budgeting
(Cologne, Freiburg), whitehouse/open .
v
Banking /Finance 2.0: zopa.org, smava.org, kiva.org, prosper.com, boober.it, lendingclub.com, finanz.com