UGC NET Paper 1 Mathematical Reasoning & Aptitude.pdf
# 10 Cold War
1.
2.
3. Cold War: Superpowers Face Off
Learning Objectives
1. Analyze the main objectives of both the United
States and the Soviet Union in the post war era,
and decide which country best achieved their
goals.
2. Develop a chart that shows U.S. and Soviet actions
prior to the Cold War, and determine which
country was most responsible for the conflict.
3. Create a political cartoon depicting capitalism or
communism from the perspective of the opposing
country.
6. Yalta: 4 Zones, Reparations, Free Elections
Berlin Airlift: East Germany, East Berlin
USSR Builds A Buffer in East- ‘Satellite Nations’
Iron Curtain Divides East and West Europe
A Different World War For Two Countries…
Policy of Containment $$$$
Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan $$
Rival Alliances- NATO vs. WARSAW
United Nations Formed (Prevent Aggressors)
Communism vs. Capitalism Bring The World to ‘Brinksmanship’
Cold War: Superpowers Face Off
10. U.S. Actions Soviet Actions
Marshall Plan
Aid to Greece & Turkey
Containment Policy
Truman Doctrine
Berlin Airlift
No Free Elections
Reparations $$$
Control of East Europe
Berlin Blockade
11. The U.S. Wanted To… The Soviets Wanted To…
Give Nations Self-Determination
in Elections
Gain Access to Raw materials
and Markets for its Industries
Rebuild European Governments
to Ensure Stability for U.S.
Markets
Reunite Germany
Encourage Communism in Other
Countries As Part of the World
Struggle Between Workers and
Wealthy
Rebuild It’s Economy
Control East Europe to Balance
U.S. Control of West
Keep Germany Divided & Weak
so it Would Never Attack
15. Communists Take Power in China
Learning Objectives
1. Understand how the Chinese civil war and
the ultimate Communist takeover led to
increased Cold War tensions between the
U.S. and the Soviet Union.
2. Make a two column chart that shows the
causes and effects of the Communist
revolution in China.
3. Sketch a recreation of a typical Chinese
peasant commune created by Mao Zedong
in 1958.
18. Jiang Jieshi (So) vs. Mao Zedong (Nor)
Soviet Union and China End ‘Relationship’
Japan Leaves China = North / South Civil War
Containment ($) Fails! North Wins, 2 China’s
Chiang’s Gov. Corrupt, Zedong Helps Poor
Mao Gave Land to Peasants, ‘Communes’
Communal Dorms, Dining, & Living = Failed
Mao and ‘Red Guards’ Try Cultural Revolution
U.S. Supports Nationalist Jiang w/ $$$$
Mao Zedong Attempts to Make China a World Power
Communists Take Power in China
20. Causes Effects
Nationalists and
Communists face off in a
Chinese Civil War.
Communist Forces Led By
Mao Zedong Won Support
By Winning Over Peasant
Population
10 % of the Population
Controlled 70 % of the
Farmland.
Mao Zedong Divided Land
Among Peasants and
Forced Many to Live in
Collective Communes.
Communist Party Wanted
to Create Social Equality
in China.
The Young “Red Guard”
Army Attempted to Defeat
Mao’s Enemies. This Led
to Even More Instability.
26. Containment: Stop Spread of Communism
1964-1975: Guerilla Warfare, Bad South Gov…
Korean War = Back and Forth 3 Year Stalemate
China Helps North Korea, US Leaves 1953
North=Communist, South=Western Influence
France Leaves Vietnam 1954…Domino Theory?
N. Vietnam Communist, S. Vietnam Dictator
1975 Leave Vietnam- 58,000 U.S. Troops Dead
38th
Parallel Line Divides Korea
Containment Policy Leads to Death and Two Stalemate Wars
Wars in Korea and Vietnam
34. 1st
Industrialized 2nd
Communist 3rd
Developing
Iran-U.S. Supports Shah, Ayatollah = Anti-West
Influence?: Back Wars, Spy, Military Aid, $$$$
Cuba- Fidel Castro = Nationalize Economy
“Hot Spots” = Democracy or Communism?
U.S. Trained Anti-Castro Exiles: Bay of Pigs
Soviets Respond by Building Missiles in Cuba
Ayatollah (Iran) v. Saddam (Iraq)=Support Both
Unstable Areas: Latin America, Asia, Africa
Democracy vs. Communism: Struggle for Influence in Various Hot Spots
The Cold War Divides the World
35. The two superpowers tried
to win allies by giving
financial aid to other
nations. For instance, Egypt
took aid from the Soviet
Union to build the Aswan
High Dam.
Fearing the enemy might be
gaining an advantage, each
side spied on the other.
One famous incident was
the Soviet downing of a U.S.
U-2 spy plane in 1960.
To gain the support of other
nations, both the Soviet
Union and the United States
entered into alliances. Two
examples of this were NATO
and the Warsaw Pact.
Both superpowers used
propaganda to try to win
support overseas. For
example, Radio Free Europe
broadcast radio programs
about the rest of the world
into Eastern Europe.
The policy of brinkmanship
meant going to the brink of
war to make the other side
back down. One example is
the Cuban Missile Crisis.
The word surrogate means
substitute. Although the
United States and the Soviet
Union did not fight each
other directly, they fought
indirectly by backing
opposing sides in many
smaller conflicts.
41. 1950s & 1960s- Eastern Europe Protests USSR
Nixon Visits China and USSR: SALT I Treaty
Brezhnev (Strict) Replaces Khrushchev (Weak)
Brezhnev Invades Czech (Becoming too Weak)
1956- Hungary Protests Communism- Defeated
Soviets and Chinese End Their Alliance
U.S. Détente (less tensions) NOT Brinkmanship
Reagan Moves Away from Détente Policy
Nikita Khrushchev: Destalinization Campaign
The Cold War ‘Stabilizes’ Under New Leadership in U.S. & Soviet Union
The Cold War Thaws
47. Brezhnev Dies 1982: Who Takes Over USSR?
Boris Yeltsin Gains Support of Parliament
Churches Open, Prisoners Released, Free Press
Reform Economy? Perestroika Policy…
Gorbachev Glasnost Policy: Promote Openness
Small Business Ok & Managers Gain Authority
Democratization: Open Political Systems
Gorbachev Attempts Coup, Fails, Comm. Over
Mikhail Gorbachev- Young, Energetic, New
Gorbachev’s Failed Attempt at a Communist Coup - USSR Collapses
The Collapse of the Soviet Union
48.
49. = Openness
Churches Opened
Political Prisoners Released
Banned Authors Allowed
To Publish Books Again
Okay for Reporters to
Criticize Officials
= Economic Restructuring
Managers of Farms and
Factories Could Make
More Decisions on
Their Own
People Could Open Small
Private Businesses
Tried to Preserve
Communism
Gradual Opening of the
Political System
Election of a New Group of
Lawmakers
Communist Party No Longer
Chose All Candidates
