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Chapter 8 – Political Culture
           and Ideologies
   12th Grade POD – Ms. Nestico
Political Ideologies


    Ideology  – a set or system of ideas,
     beliefs and values held by a collective
     group of people – “school of thought”
    Belief – an idea held to be true by a
     group
    Value – a belief about whether an idea is
     right or wrong
           Everything in life is “political”
Primary Ideologies in the US

 Ideology         Party            Wing
 Radical
 Libertarian
 Liberal          Democrat           Left
 Moderate     -----------------------------------
 Conservative    Republican Right
 Populist
 Reactionary
Comparison & Contrast

   Both   liberals and conservatives agree
    that the government should have a good
    bit of control and regulation, but in
    different areas
   Liberals want strong control/regulation
    over the economy
   Conservatives want strong regulation
    over social conduct
Economic Characteristics
(Liberal focus)
   Money  and the distribution of wealth
   Stock Market
   Corporations/Big Business
   Taxation
   Employment
   Trade/Investments
   Banking Industry
   Social Programs to help those in need
Social Conduct Characteristics
(Conservative Focus)
   Censorship
   Morals   and Values
   Drugs
   Pro-Business
   Oppose Higher Taxes
   Tough punishment for crime
Most popular US ideologies

   Liberal – strong control & regulation of
    economy
   Conservative – strong control &
    regulation of social conduct
   Libertarian – least amount of
    government control in both the social
    conduct & economic realms
   Populist – increased government
    control over both social & economic
    realms
In terms of Government Regulation
& Control

                SOCIAL CONDUCT



        E    Libertarian   Conservative
        C       22%           30%
        O
        N
        O      Liberal       Populist
        M       16%            20%
        I
        C
Ideology Spectrum
              Moderate


    Liberal              Conservative




   Radical                    Reactionary
Liberal

   Most  interested in protecting individual rights
    and civil liberties
   Change is usually a good thing
   Anti-federalist roots
   Increase in social welfare programs
   More government intervention of the
    economy to remedy the defects of capitalism
   Can be socialistic in nature
Liberal

  Robinhood   Theory – Redistribution of wealth
  Usually see an increase in taxes
  Believe in the positive use of government to
   bring about justice and equality of opportunity
  Seeks protection against inadequate
   healthcare, housing and education
  Believes in affirmative action programs,
   unions’ right to organize and strike, etc.
Conservative

   Most  interested in what’s best for the
    greater good of society
   Free market economy
   Capitalistic – survival of the fittest, every
    man for himself
   Rich typically get richer
   Lower taxes overall and cut government
    spending
Conservative

   Functions  of government should
    encourage family values, protect the
    nation from foreign enemies, preserve
    law and order
   Human needs should be cared for by
    families and charities, not the
    government
Radical

   Advocates
           extreme measures to change
  government policy
Radical

   Civil   disobedience
      Texas   v. Johnson



      Vietnam
             war demonstrations on college
      campuses
Reactionary

   Advocates  extreme measures to
    conserve ideals and uphold ultra-
    conservative use of policies and
    government
   Exceptionally intolerant of others and
    their viewpoints
Reactionary

   More   violent acts of civil disobedience
     Abortionclinic bombers
     White supremacy groups typically found
      here
Economic Policy
Liberals                        Conservatives
  Government should              Free market economy
   regulate business to           Less amount of regulation
   protect public interest         brings about more
  Rich should be taxed            competition
   higher in order to pay for     Taxes should be kept as
   public services                 low as possible
  Government spending on         Government welfare
   social welfare programs         programs destroy
   increases                       people’s incentive to work
                                   hard.
Policies on Crime
Liberals                       Conservatives
  Government should             Increase police forces,
   alleviate social problems      special task forces and
   such as poverty,               prisons.
   unemployment, housing         Stop courts from coddling
   inadequacies, etc. as          criminals
   these are the preliminary     Make punishment more
   reasons for crime              harsh and strict to deter
  Rehabilitate criminals to      future crime
   remedy the problem
Social Policy
Liberal                        Conservative
  Freedom of choice and         Government chooses
   government should fund it      what’s best, not the
   when necessary                 individual
  Protect minority rights,      Fend for yourself –
   especially of African          survival of the fittest
   American, Hispanic/           Should allow traditional
   Latino, women, non-            observations in public
   WASP, poor, etc.)              policy
National Security Policy
Liberal                       Conservative
  Government should            Government should
   support “human rights”        pursue national/
   throughout the world          international interests of
  Reduce military spending      the US
  Diplomacy instead of war     Increase military
                                 spending
                                War can stimulate the
                                 economy
The issues

   Economy




   Abortion




   Death   Penalty
The Issues

   War   in Iraq



   Education




   Energy
The Issues

   Drugs




   Healthcare




   Poverty
What’s your ideology?

   Go to:
   http://www.politopia.com/
   quiz_index.php3

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Unit 5 (Chapter 8) Political Culture

  • 1. Chapter 8 – Political Culture and Ideologies 12th Grade POD – Ms. Nestico
  • 2. Political Ideologies   Ideology – a set or system of ideas, beliefs and values held by a collective group of people – “school of thought”   Belief – an idea held to be true by a group   Value – a belief about whether an idea is right or wrong Everything in life is “political”
  • 3. Primary Ideologies in the US Ideology Party Wing Radical Libertarian Liberal Democrat Left Moderate ----------------------------------- Conservative Republican Right Populist Reactionary
  • 4. Comparison & Contrast   Both liberals and conservatives agree that the government should have a good bit of control and regulation, but in different areas   Liberals want strong control/regulation over the economy   Conservatives want strong regulation over social conduct
  • 5. Economic Characteristics (Liberal focus)   Money and the distribution of wealth   Stock Market   Corporations/Big Business   Taxation   Employment   Trade/Investments   Banking Industry   Social Programs to help those in need
  • 6. Social Conduct Characteristics (Conservative Focus)   Censorship   Morals and Values   Drugs   Pro-Business   Oppose Higher Taxes   Tough punishment for crime
  • 7. Most popular US ideologies   Liberal – strong control & regulation of economy   Conservative – strong control & regulation of social conduct   Libertarian – least amount of government control in both the social conduct & economic realms   Populist – increased government control over both social & economic realms
  • 8. In terms of Government Regulation & Control SOCIAL CONDUCT E Libertarian Conservative C 22% 30% O N O Liberal Populist M 16% 20% I C
  • 9. Ideology Spectrum Moderate Liberal Conservative Radical Reactionary
  • 10. Liberal   Most interested in protecting individual rights and civil liberties   Change is usually a good thing   Anti-federalist roots   Increase in social welfare programs   More government intervention of the economy to remedy the defects of capitalism   Can be socialistic in nature
  • 11. Liberal   Robinhood Theory – Redistribution of wealth   Usually see an increase in taxes   Believe in the positive use of government to bring about justice and equality of opportunity   Seeks protection against inadequate healthcare, housing and education   Believes in affirmative action programs, unions’ right to organize and strike, etc.
  • 12. Conservative   Most interested in what’s best for the greater good of society   Free market economy   Capitalistic – survival of the fittest, every man for himself   Rich typically get richer   Lower taxes overall and cut government spending
  • 13. Conservative   Functions of government should encourage family values, protect the nation from foreign enemies, preserve law and order   Human needs should be cared for by families and charities, not the government
  • 14. Radical   Advocates extreme measures to change government policy
  • 15. Radical   Civil disobedience   Texas v. Johnson   Vietnam war demonstrations on college campuses
  • 16. Reactionary   Advocates extreme measures to conserve ideals and uphold ultra- conservative use of policies and government   Exceptionally intolerant of others and their viewpoints
  • 17. Reactionary   More violent acts of civil disobedience   Abortionclinic bombers   White supremacy groups typically found here
  • 18. Economic Policy Liberals Conservatives   Government should   Free market economy regulate business to   Less amount of regulation protect public interest brings about more   Rich should be taxed competition higher in order to pay for   Taxes should be kept as public services low as possible   Government spending on   Government welfare social welfare programs programs destroy increases people’s incentive to work hard.
  • 19. Policies on Crime Liberals Conservatives   Government should   Increase police forces, alleviate social problems special task forces and such as poverty, prisons. unemployment, housing   Stop courts from coddling inadequacies, etc. as criminals these are the preliminary   Make punishment more reasons for crime harsh and strict to deter   Rehabilitate criminals to future crime remedy the problem
  • 20. Social Policy Liberal Conservative   Freedom of choice and   Government chooses government should fund it what’s best, not the when necessary individual   Protect minority rights,   Fend for yourself – especially of African survival of the fittest American, Hispanic/   Should allow traditional Latino, women, non- observations in public WASP, poor, etc.) policy
  • 21. National Security Policy Liberal Conservative   Government should   Government should support “human rights” pursue national/ throughout the world international interests of   Reduce military spending the US   Diplomacy instead of war   Increase military spending   War can stimulate the economy
  • 22. The issues   Economy   Abortion   Death Penalty
  • 23. The Issues   War in Iraq   Education   Energy
  • 24. The Issues   Drugs   Healthcare   Poverty
  • 25. What’s your ideology?   Go to: http://www.politopia.com/ quiz_index.php3