Presented for a Comenius Study Visit group interested in social Cohesion, at the Department of Education. Catalan policy and Teacher Training Programs, for Languages and Social Cohesion, 2011.
1. Education Policies to develop skills for language learning and social cohesion Maria Neus Lorenzo i Galés [email_address] @NewsNeus History doesn’t happen to us... We actively build it everyday!
3. Summary: Catalan educational policies focus on… Inclusion: Consolidating social cohesion with inclusive education, and enriching citizenship in diversity. ESPRONCEDA School Competencies: Providing citizens in new generations with the necessary competencies for employability, sustainability and flexibility to face future unexpected challenges.
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7. The Catalan Education System UEE HGVET Vocational training MG VET Vocational training Secondary Education Primary Education Pre-school Education Education System Structure University Age Non-Compulsory Education Compulsory Education MGVET- Medium Grade Vocational Education and Training SGP- Social Guarantee Programme HGVET- Higher Grade Vocational Education and Training UEE- University Entrance Examination Bacalaureate SGP- Social Adaptation
8. Developing Catalan educational policies under European guidelines Catalan: Language of instruction, basic tool for learning at school Curricular languages, strategies for international lifelong learning (Sp,En, Fr,It,Gm) Family languages: personal options, itineraries towards cultural & personal enrichment Linguistic project towards plurilingualism
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10. Multilingualism or Plurilingualism? An educational policy for dealing with diversity Several monolingual societies? One plural society? policy policy policy policy policy
11. Language and communicative skills Language learning interdependencies Transversal language learning and cultural development Adapted from Cummings, 1986 and Vicent Pascual 2007 New learning consolidates previous learning and improves personal learning autonomy Superficial abilities L1 Superficial abilities L2 Communication evidence Shared and transversal competencies Plurilingual skills Language Learning
12. Language: evolving concepts Subject at school Linguistics Learning strategy and communication tool Psychology Sociocultural context and participation space Sociology
13. Evolving focus Collective Tasks Speaking Listening Reading Writing Interacting Spelling Phonetics Vocabulary Grammar … ... … Social dimension: Learning to share, to learn,to negotiate to participate, to live together … … … CLIL and Immersion Projects
14. Projects and tasks: Learning in Web 2.0 contexts Source: http://edweb.sdsu.edu/webquest/tv/ What: Why: How: Reception skills Exploring assumptions and gathering new information Production skills Application and usage Transformation skills Organising and Consolidating knowledge Assessment Self-Assessment
15. Co-responsibility between school and municipal authorities Attitudinal School Project Plan for the educational Environment Inclusive school Main educational strategies Initial Immersion classroom Cultural environment Linguistic Project
17. Catalonia in Europe 32.000 Km2 , 7.364.078 inhabitants (2008) 15.96% of the Spanish population 946 municipal locations Political autonomy in Spain
18. Social context: Complexity and contradiction The question of identity changes focus: from belonging to becoming… TRADITIONAL IDENTITY: ...rooted to the land, linked to our food style, proud of our traditions, connected to our landmarks, identified by our language...... emigration immigration globalization MODERN IDENTITY: ... open-minded, internationally oriented, cosmopolitan, intercultural, creative and innovative, efficient and hard-working...
21. Immigrant students in Catalonia 148.525 93.831 106.746 121.622 133.000 23.778 34.797 51.926 74.491 19.793 16.921 9.868 0.81% 13.65% 10.05% 7.65% 5.04% 9.03% Source: Servei d’Immersió i Ús de la llengua, 2009
22. The new Catalan generation: merging students from immigrant families From: Servei d’Immersoó i Ús de la llengua, 2008-09 Origen country of newcomer students
23. Community building: intercultural dialogue Inner frontiers are the ones that really may separate us - self-recognitions - participation - leadership - vision of the future - dealing with diversity Identity reading, speaking, writing, listening, interacting communicating in many languages sharing, negotiating, networking, bridging the gap Dealing with diversity for empowering rights and duties
24. Language dynamics: ~ There are 5500 languages in the world Source: « Halte à la mort des langues » Claude Hagège When a language disappears, a whole culture vanishes, with its unique, collective, unrepeateble view of reality. Only 10% are active in the Internet space (40 languages for 99,3 % of users) 80 % are no-state, minority languages 75% are threatened or in danger About 8 % disappear every year In 100 years about 2500 may disappear (50 %)
25. Saving diversity is a long term investment Benefits: -planetary survival -health research reservoir -flexible response for Life and Nature -wider resource pool for facing crisis -adaptation Biodiversity Cultural diversity Sharing in diversity
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27. School results in Catalonia: PISA indicators 2006-2009 But the Spanish average is still far from the European goals reading maths science
28. Sharing the present? ? An oral and written shared language? Known and shared empowered values?
Brussels, 3rd March 2010 Europe 2020: Commission proposes new economic strategy in Europe. The European Commission has launched today the Europe 2020 Strategy to go out of the crisis and prepare EU economy for the next decade. The Commission identifies three key drivers for growth, to be implemented through concrete actions at EU and national levels: smart growth (fostering knowledge, innovation, education and digital society), sustainable growth (making our production more resource efficient while boosting our competitiveness) and inclusive growth (raising participation in the labour market, the acquisition of skills and the fight against poverty). This battle for growth and jobs requires ownership at top political level and mobilisation from all actors across Europe. Five targets are set which define where the EU should be by 2020 and against which progress can be tracked. President Barroso said, "Europe 2020 is about what we need to do today and tomorrow to get the EU economy back on track. The crisis has exposed fundamental issues and unsustainable trends that we can not ignore any longer. Europe has a growth deficit which is putting our future at risk. We must decisively tackle our weaknesses and exploit our many strengths. We need to build a new economic model based on knowledge, low-carbon economy and high employment levels. This battle requires mobilisation of all actors across Europe." First of all, Europe must learn the lessons from the global economic and financial crisis. Our economies are intrinsically linked. No Member State can address global challenges effectively by acting in isolation. We are stronger when we work together, and a successful exit therefore depends on close economic policy coordination. Failure to do so could result in a "lost decade" of relative decline, permanently damaged growth and structurally high levels of unemployment. The Europe 2020 Strategy therefore sets out a vision for Europe's social market economy over the next decade, and rests on three interlocking and mutually reinforcing priority areas: Smart growth, developing an economy based on knowledge and innovation; Sustainable growth, promoting a low-carbon, resource-efficient and competitive economy; and Inclusive growth, fostering a high-employment economy delivering social and territorial cohesion. Progress towards these objectives will be measured against five representative headline EU-level targets, which Member States will be asked to translate into national targets reflecting starting points: 75 % of the population aged 20-64 should be employed. 3% of the EU's GDP should be invested in R&D. The "20/20/20" climate/energy targets should be met. The share of early school leavers should be under 10% and at least 40% of the younger generation should have a degree or diploma. . 20 million less people should be at risk of poverty. In order to meet the targets, the Commission proposes a Europe 2020 agenda consisting of a series of flagship initiatives. Implementing these initiatives is a shared priority, and action will be required at all levels: EU-level organisations, Member States, local and regional authorities. Innovation union - re-focussing R&D and innovation policy on major challenges, while closing the gap between science and market to turn inventions into products. As an example, the Community Patent could save companies 289€ million each year. Youth on the move - enhancing the quality and international attractiveness of Europe's higher education system by promoting student and young professional mobility. As a concrete action, vacancies in all Member States should be more accessible through out Europe and professional qualifications and experience properly recognised. A digital agenda for Europe - delivering sustainable economic and social benefits from a Digital Single Market based on ultra fast internet. All Europeans should have access to high speed internet by 2013. Resource-efficient Europe - supporting the shift towards a resource efficient and low-carbon economy. Europe should stick to its 2020 targets in terms of energy production, efficiency and consumption. This would result in €60 billion less in oil and gas imports by 2020. An industrial policy for green growth – helping the EU's industrial base to be competitive in the post-crisis world, promoting entrepreneurship and developing new skills. This would create millions of new jobs ; An agenda for new skills and jobs – creating the conditions for modernising labour markets, with a view to raising employment levels and ensuring the sustainability of our social models, while baby-boomers retire ; and European platform against poverty - ensuring economic, social and territorial cohesion by helping the poor and socially excluded and enabling them to play an active part in society. The ambition of Europe 2020 means that leadership and accountability must be taken to a new level. The Commission invites Heads of State and Government to take ownership for this new Strategy and endorse it at the Spring European Council. The role of the European Parliament will also be enhanced. The governance methods will be reinforced to ensure that commitments are translated into effective action on the ground. The Commission will monitor progress. Reporting and evaluation under both Europe 2020 and the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) will be carried out simultaneously (while remaining distinct instruments) to improve coherence. This will allow both strategies to pursue similar reform objectives while remaining as separate instruments. Further information : http:// ec . europa . eu /eu2020/ index _en. htm Ref: http:// europa . eu / rapid / pressReleasesAction .do? reference =IP/10/225& format =HTML& aged =0& lg =es& guiLanguage =en
Immigració ..una constant a Catalunya: If you read Catalan traditional literature, it seems that we like to think of ourselfs, the Catalan people,, as a people rooted, linked to our land and our traditions, to our food style and our historical landmarks…. But Catalans have been always very mobile… Migrations have been a constant in Catalonia. Catalonia is a crossing point, aand during the last century we have had terrible situations where we had to emigrate… and others where we received immigrats in huge number… we have had constant immigrants and long term visitors. So now, it seems we try to sell that we have always been international people, openminded, intercultural….