3. Popular article
Research article
Short note/short communication
Letters to editor
Technical note/bulletin/report
Case report
Review article
Abstract/ mini-abstract/ extended abstract
Book review
4. POPULAR ARTICLES
With references
e.g. Livestock line
Poultry line
Indian Dairyman
Without references
e.g. Livestock International
Dairy Planner
Agriculture Today etc.
Simple, lucid and easy to understand
Describe finding of research that may not be of his/her own
Intended for general public or target groups
No fixed structure of article
References not mandatory
Mostly follow current scenario
5. RESEARCH ARTICLES
Original research articles
-result of a planned original work
-emphasize all the aspects
-in a particular structure
Short communications/ short notes
-findings in only some parameters
-for rapid communication
-important findings, i.e. results
Brief, to the point and/or repeatable or replicable
Describe own research finding and may compare with others
Intended for scientific community or target groups
Fixed structure of article, e.g. abstracts, introduction, materials
and methods, results, discussion, references
Acknowledgement, conflict of interest, contribution of individual
authors
6. Usually contain:
◦ A summary or “abstract”
◦ Key words
◦ Description of the research
methodologies adopted
results generated
significance of the results
◦ References cited
Research articles are not good places to find:
◦ basic summaries
◦ general introductions to a topic
Article:
◦ The most recent, cutting edge research
◦ Authoritative information about older research
7. Abstract
◦ Clear picture of the article in a concise manner
◦ About 200-250 words
◦ Usually in one paragraph
◦ Attractively represents all the information
Extended abstract
◦ Abstract having subheadings and tables, graphs, figures
also. About 600-800 words
Mini-abstract
◦ Represents a clear picture of an extended abstract in a
concise manner.
◦ 50-100 words.
ABSTRACT
8. Review (Invited/Unsolicited)
Chronological- date/year-wise, as per the authors’ work
Critical-with a theme which is concept based
Online- Nature Reviews, CABI
Published - Microbiological Reviews, Annual Reviews
Format – fixed/ variable
Covers
Recent, innovative and contemporary issues
Devoted to a particular topic (last 5 yrs -more)
Provides comprehensive information
Has author(s) interpretations based on original findings
Has more impact in getting citations
REVIEW ARTICLE
9. Guidelines on authorshop, International committee of Medical Journal Editors,
Reprinted by kind permission of the Editor of the British Medical Journal of Sept
14, 1985. J Clin Pathol 39: 110, 1986
10. Definition: “A conflict of interest is a set of circumstances that
creates a risk that professional judgment or actions regarding a
primary interest will be unduly influenced by a secondary interest.”
Occurs when an individual or organization is involved in
multiple interests, one of which could possibly corrupt the
motivation for an act in the other.
◦ i.e. Any undue funding grant or financial gain or promotion that may bias the
research
Primary interest: principal goals of the profession or activity e.g.
Integrity of research
Compliance to Ethical norms in research
Rationale for animal/human experimentation
Secondary interest: Financial gain and motives
Desire for professional advancement
Wish to do favors for family and friends
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
11. Financial or personal relationship
that inappropriately influence the actions
of an author, reviewer, or editor
Also known as
Dual commitments/competing interests/competing loyalties
Authors should disclose their conflict of interest
Financial relationships such as employment, consultancy,
stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony
Personal relationship
Academic competition
Intellectual passion
Must be included in acknowledgment
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
12. Results of 176 studies on Environmental Hazards & Human
Health Baker (2008)
Objective Funding Harm No Harm
Impact of
Bisphenol A
on human
health
Industry 0
(0%)
13
(100%)
Independent
(e.g. Govt.)
152
(86%)
11
(14%)
CONFLICT OF
INTEREST
FINANCIAL PROFESSIONAL PERSONAL
PREJUDICE
13. Latin word “plagiarius”: literally kidnapper
“Wrongful appropriation," "close imitation," or
"purloining and publication" of another author's
"language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions," and the
representation of them as one's own original work
Use of a writer's ideas or phraseology without giving due
credit
Not a crime per se but is disapproved more on the grounds
of moral offence, and cases of plagiarism can involve liability
for copyright infringement.
By failing to include quotations or
give the appropriate citation
Self-plagiarism
14. Impact Factor
◦ Thomson Reuters
Eigenfactor Score
◦ University of Washington
Page Rank Algorithm
◦ Google
NAAS rating
◦ National Academy of Agricultural Sciences
15. A measure reflecting the average number of
citations to recent articles published in science and
social science journals
Devised by Eugene Garfield:
◦ founder of Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), now
part of Thomson Reuters
Calculated after all the publications of previous year
have been processed by the indexing agency
2011 impact factors are actually published in 2012
16. IF of a journal is the avg. citations received per paper
published in that journal during the two preceding years
e.g. if a journal has an IF 3 in 2011, then its papers published in
2010 and 2009 received 3 citations each on avg. in 2011
A = the no. of times articles published in 2009 and 2010 were
cited by indexed journals during 2011.
B = the total number of "citable items" published by that
journal in 2009 and 2010.
("Citable items" are usually articles, reviews, proceedings, or
notes; not editorials or letters-to-the-editor)
2011 impact factor = A/B
17. Hirsch index or Hirsch number
◦ Jorge E. Hirsch
◦ Measures productivity & impact of published work of a scientist
or scholar
e.g. A scientist has index h if h of his/her papers have at
least h citations each
i-10 index:
Google citations
Immediacy Index :
◦ average number of times published papers are cited
during year of publication
18. National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
Objectives:
to bring uniformity in the evaluation of
publications
Assessment of research achievements
Avoids arbitrariness in assessment
Category I: Where IF is available, 6.0 and 10.0
Category II: Non IF journals, on the basis of a proforma
Previously , scale of 4 was used till 2007
Now, a scale of 10 used: 1988 Journals (2012 list)
19. Rating Range JOURNALS NAAS Rating
0-2 Indian Journal of Dairy & Biosciences 1.8
2-3 Indian Journal of Animal Health 2.9
3-4 Animal Science Reporter 3.0
Indian Journal of Veterinary Research 3.6
4-5 Indian Journal of Veterinary Surgery 4.0
Intas Polivet 4.1
Indian Journal of Poultry Science 4.2
Indian Journal of Small Ruminants 4.3
Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 4.5
Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition 4.6
Indian Journal of Dairy Science 4.8
5-6 Indian Journal of Agronomy 5.0
Indian Veterinary Journal 6.0
20. IF IF
(2011)
NAAS
Rating
Journal
>0.00-0.02 0.002 6.1 Indian Journal of Animal Research
>0.02-0.04 0.040 6.2 Indian Journal of Fisheries
>0.10-0.20 0.122 6.6 Indian Journal of Animal Sciences
>0.30-0.40 0.323 6.8 Animal Nutrition & Feed Technology
>0.50-0.60 0.579 7.0 AJAS
>0.80-0.90 0.857 7.3 Animal Science Journal
>0.90-1.00 0.987 7.4 Archives of Animal Nutrition
>1.00-1.50 1.115 7.5 Tropical Animal Health & Production
>1.50-2.00 1.691 7.6 Animal Feed Science and Technology
>2.00-2.50 2.096 7.7 Journal of Animal Science
>3.00-3.50 3.013 7.9 British Journal of Nutrition
>9.00-10.00 9.447 9.1 Annual Review of Nutrition
>18.00 10 Cell, Lancet, Nature, Science etc.
21. Good viewership
Good NAAS & IF rating
Citation possibility more
Thorough reviewing and editing will improve
article quality
Better recognition and promotion aspect
22. Criteria:
High impact factor
Citations
Strong base of reviewers and editors
Scope and international authorship
Broad viewership
Accessibility
Online submission & Internet availability
Merits:
Online first article
Less time for processing
Abstracting by major databases
Minimum 3 yrs of publication
In time publishing and quality
23. Google Scholar
Highwire Press
Pubmed Central
Directory of Open Access Journals (Lund University,
Sweden)
Scopus (Elsevier)
Scirus (Elsevier)
J-Gate (INFORMATICS)
Web of Science (Thomson Reuters)
JSTOR
INFOMINE (University of California, USA)
25. Springer Science + Business
Media
Elsevier Science:
Science Direct
CABI
Cambridge University Press
Indianjournals
Nature Publishing Group
Public Library of Science
BioMed Central
Oxford University Press
Highwire Press
CSIRO PUBLISHING
Annual Reviews
Taylor & Francis
ARCC
American Chemical Society
Wiley-Blackwell
26.
27. National Agricultural Innovation Project (NAIP) in 2003
The IARI Central Library houses the CeRA office.
Objectives:
• To develop the existing R & D information resource
• To subscribe e-journals and create an e-access culture
• To develop a Science Citation Index Facility for
evaluation of scientific publications
•To assess the impact of CeRA on the level of research
publications
Documentary delivery systems at IARI, NDRI, IVRI and
CIFE
Tremendous impact in improving the quality of research
and education
28.
29. CD-ROM is a new storage medium that can
serve as a quick, economical source of
information for students, researchers, writers,
and professionals in many fields.
30. Databases Subject
Food Sci. & Tech.
Abstracts (FSTA)
Basic food science, nutrition, biotechnology, toxicology
packaging and engineering.
Medline CD Microbiology, delivery of health care, nutrition
pharmacology and environmental health.
AGRIS CD Agriculture including forestry, animal husbandry, the
aquatic sciences and fisheries and human nutrition.
Beast CD
(Animal Production
Database)
All relevant records from the CAB Abstracts database,
corresponding to selections from a number of abstracts
journal in the CABI rang.
VET CD (Vet. Sci.
Databases)
All relevant veterinary sciences.
Biological Abstracts
(BA)
Bibliographic references with abstracts derived from
life science research journals.
Biotechnology Abstr.
(BioTchA)
Genetic manipulation to biochemical engineering and
fermentation.
31. Windows based SilverPlatter Information Retrieval
System
◦ provides several search tools for retrieving information
stored in databases.
A topic of interest
◦ Show, print, and download those records
◦ Save your search strategy for later use
◦ Select Years
◦ Search key word
◦ Save
◦ Modify search
32. Search for the bibliographic records within
a library’s collection
Browse and search
Keyword and phrase search
Only keyword search; keywords can be
combined with Boolean operators
Searching of records through selected
keys – author, title, ISBN, call number, etc.
Some searches can be limited by date,
collection, language, etc.
33. Publishers website
Google Scholar
Broaden or narrowing
Open in a new tab
Exact match
Best match
Partial match
Boolean operation
Year/date specific
Cross reference
34. Those who have the most to say usually say it with
the fewest words
What/who/why????
Selection of journal
Selection of matter
Plan your writing
Choosing articles for discussion
Read references (referee/journal selection)
Instruction to authors
Write in simple and clear, but lucid manner
Keep words flowing
35. A reader should never have to read a sentence twice
to understand its meaning
Don't rely on the spell checker only
Ask yourself
◦ What I am trying to say?
◦ What words will express it?
◦ Could I put it more briefly?
Use words carefully & precisely
Active voice, better
Print the draft, correct after reading it aloud, print
Punctuations, awkward sentences, unnecessary
words, look of document
Proofread
36. Use of Spelling and Grammar Check
Find and replace
Use of show/hide icon
Spacing
Word limit
Line number
Author instruction
Abbreviation of journals
Keywords
Avoid jargons
37. Important tips !!
Add to favorites
Save target as
Always view MS-word pages as “ view page width”
Open in a new tab
Reference checking methodology
38. PROCESS OF PUBLICATION
Completion of research
Preparation of manuscript
Submission of manuscript
Assignment and review
Decision
Revision
Resubmission
Re-review
Acceptance
Publication
Rejection
Rejection
40. In Practice
Journal of Animal Science
Journal of Nutrition
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
of the USA
Veterinary Record
41. JOURNAL AVAILABLE FROM
Agricultural Reviews 2005
Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology 2005
Applied Biological Research ALL
Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika ALL
BIOINFOLET - A Quarterly Journal of Life Sciences ALL
Indian Cow : The Scientific and Economic Journal 2005
Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition 2005
Indian Journal of Animal Research 2005
Indian Journal of Poultry Science 2005
42. Indian Journal of Small Ruminants (The) 2005
Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology ALL
Indian Journal of Veterinary Research (The) ALL
INTAS POLIVET ALL
Journal of Camel Practice and Research ALL
Journal of Dairying Foods & Home Sciences ALL
Journal of Research, SKUAST-J ALL
Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology 2005
Journal of Veterinary Parasitology ALL
Range Management and Agroforestry ALL
Trends in Biosciences ALL
Theriogenology Insight - An International Journal of
Reproduction in all Animals
ALL
43. Analytical Biochemistry
Animal Behaviour
Animal Feed Science and Technology
Animal Reproduction Science
Applied Animal Behaviour Science
Cell
Clinical Biochemistry
Current Opinion in Biotechnology
Domestic Animal Endocrinology
Fertility and Sterility
Food and Chemical Toxicology
Food Chemistry
International Dairy Journal
44. Journal of Experimental Animal Science
The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology
Life Sciences
Livestock Science
Research in Veterinary Science
Small Ruminant Research
Theriogenology
Trends series in Biochemical Sciences, Food Science &
Technology, Immunology
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology
The Veterinary Journal
Veterinary Microbiology
45. Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry
• Biochemistry
• Cell and Developmental Biology
• Genetics
• Genomics and Human Genetics
• Immunology
• Medicine
• Microbiology
• Nutrition
• Physiology
• Public Health
ANNUAL REVIEWS
46. ◦ Amino Acids
◦ Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
◦ Archives of Microbiology
◦ Biological Trace Element Research
◦ Bimetals
◦ Biotechnology Letters
◦ Bulletin of Environmental Contamination &
Toxicology
◦ Climatic Change
◦ Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters
47. ◦ Current Microbiology
◦ Dairy Science & Technology
◦ Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
◦ Folia Microbiologica
◦ Food Security
◦ Genes & Nutrition
◦ Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry
◦ Indian Journal of Microbiology
◦ Journal of Biosciences
◦ Journal of Comparative Physiology. Series A & B
◦ Metabolomics
◦ Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems
48. ◦ Molecular Biology
◦ Molecular Biology Reports
◦ Molecular Biotechnology
◦ Mycotoxin Research
◦ Pflügers Archiv European Journal of Physiology
◦ Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins
◦ Proceedings of the Zoological Society
◦ Russian Agricultural Sciences
◦ Science in China Series C: Life Sciences
◦ Theory in Biosciences
◦ Tropical Animal Health and Production
◦ Veterinary Research Communications
49. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A: Animal Science
Animal Biotechnology
Annals of Science
Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
Archives of Animal Nutrition
British Poultry Science
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science & Technology
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
Ecology of Food and Nutrition
Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A & B
50. Food and Agricultural Immunology
Food Biotechnology
Food Reviews International
Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science
Journal of Applied Animal Research
Journal of Environmental Science and Health
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research
New Zealand Journal of Zoology
Nutrition and Cancer
51. Australian Veterinary Journal
Immunological Reviews
Journal of Animal Breeding & Genetics
Journal of Food Science
Journal of Food Safety
Journal of Small Animal Practice
Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Microbiology and Immunology
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
Zoonoses and Public Health
52. Animal Production Science
Crop and Pasture Science
Reproduction, Fertility and Development
AMERICAN SOCIETY OF AGRONOMY
Journal of Environmental Quality
Journal of Natural Resources and Life
Sciences Education
53. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research
Indian Journal of Animal Sciences
Indian Journal of Veterinary Anatomy
Indian Journal of Dairy Sciences
Indian Journal of Fisheries
Indian Journal of Fisheries Technology
Current Science
Journal of Bioscience
Resonance
54. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics
Indian Journal of Biotechnology
Indian Journal of Chemical Technology
Indian Journal of Chemistry -Section A
Indian Journal of Chemistry -Section B
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology
Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge
Journal of Intellectual Property Rights
Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research
55. Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series
Parasitology Database
Pig News and Information
Poultry Abstracts
Protozoological Abstracts
Review of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants
Review of Medical and Veterinary Entomology
Review of Medical and Veterinary Mycology
Tropical Diseases Bulletin
Veterinary Bulletin
Veterinary Science Database
56. CAB Abstracts
Global Health
AgBiotechNet
Animal Science Database
Nutrition and Food Sciences Database
VetMed Resource
Abstracts on Hygiene and Communicable Diseases
Animal Breeding Abstracts
Animal Production Database
Dairy Science Abstracts
Index Veterinarius
57. Advances in Animal Biosciences
Agricultural Information Worldwide
American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
Animal Science Papers and Reports
Annals Food Science and Technology
Archives of Veterinary Science
Asian Journal of Animal Sciences
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
BMC Veterinary Research
Brazilian Journal of Animal Health and Production
Brazilian Journal of Animal Science
58. Buffalo Bulletin
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy
Czech Journal of Animal Science
E-planet
Italian Journal of Animal Science
Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences
Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
Journal of Research ANGRAU
Livestock Research for Rural Development
Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research
Pakistan Veterinary Journal
International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
59. International Journal of Poultry Science
International Journal of Veterinary Research
Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
South African Journal of Animal Science
Tamilnadu Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Veterinary Research
Veterinary World
Veterinarski Arhiv