The extreme apprenticeship instructional methodology, recently born in Scandinavia, serves to organise education in formal contexts, such as university courses. The fundamental idea is that a new task is learned by apprentices, looking at the master who is performing it, and then repeating the task under his or her guidance. Continuous feedback and learning by doing are key principles of extreme apprenticeship. However, in e-learning contexts, the direct contact with the master may be missing. Then engagement of students with learning material becomes a challenging goal to achieve when designing the material. In this paper, we see how extreme apprenticeship and playful design were combined for designing the learning material of the laboratories of a traditionally `boring' university course, namely, operating systems. A preliminary analytic evaluation concludes the paper showing the viability of the blended approach.

1. Extreme Apprenticeship Meets Playful Design
at Operating Systems Labs: A Case Study
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Presentation
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E3 OS Videos
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Keywords
-TEL
-Methodologies
for Gamified or
Game-based
Learning
-eXtreme
Apprenticeship
-Playful Interface
Design
-Interface Design
for Learning
!
Resources:
-youtube channel
-powtoon
-creative
commons
Vincenzo Del Fatto, Gabriella Dodero,
Rosella Gennari, Naomi Mastachi
CS Faculty, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano
http://www.inf.unibz.it/~gennari
4th June 2014 @ MIS4TEL

2. Presentation outline
design methodologypedagogy methodology evaluation and future

3. Presentation outline
premises
design methodologypedagogy methodology evaluation and future

4. premises design methodologypedagogy methodology evaluation and future
Problem and resolution idea
Problem: how
to make OS
learning effective &
engaging for all

5. premises design methodologypedagogy methodology evaluation and future
Problem and resolution idea
Problem: how
to make OS
learning effective &
engaging for all

6. premises design methodologypedagogy methodology evaluation and future
Problem and resolution idea
Problem: how
to make OS
learning effective &
engaging for all
Resolution
idea: playful videos
with animations for lab
tasks, presented like
challenges of a
game

7. It takes 2 + 1 types of expertise
premises design methodologypedagogy methodology evaluation and future

8. It takes 2 + 1 types of expertise
premises design methodologypedagogy methodology evaluation and future
pedagogy expert

9. It takes 2 + 1 types of expertise
premises design methodologypedagogy methodology evaluation and future
UX designers + OS teachers
pedagogy expert

10. It takes 2 + 1 types of expertise
premises design methodologypedagogy methodology evaluation and future
OS lab assistants, the “community of practice”
UX designers + OS teachers
pedagogy expert

11. It takes 2 + 1 types of expertise
premises design methodologypedagogy methodology evaluation and future
UX designers + OS teachers
pedagogy expert

12. Presentation outline
premises design methodology evaluation and future

13. pedagogy
methodology
Presentation outline
premises design methodology evaluation and future

14. design methodology evaluation and future
XA: from Helsinki University to UniBZ
premises pedagogy methodology
Pedagogy paradigm:
Root pedagogy theory:
Pedagogy theory:
Specific instantiation:
constructivism
cognitive apprenticeship
eXtreme Apprenticeship (XA) @ Helsinki
University
Operating Systems (OS) @ UniBZ

15. pedagogy methodology design methodology
Rationale and main ideas
premises evaluation and future
Learning should be perceived as a rewarding
engaging experience per se… intrinsically
motivating
Rationale:

16. Main ideas:
(1) start immediately with practice (no lectures)
pedagogy methodology design methodology
Rationale and main ideas
premises evaluation and future
Learning should be perceived as a rewarding
engaging experience per se… intrinsically
motivating
Rationale:

17. Main ideas:
(1) start immediately with practice (no lectures)
(2) promote learn by doing via small
progressive tasks, presented as
challenges, of which the first should be
obvious
pedagogy methodology design methodology
Rationale and main ideas
premises evaluation and future
Learning should be perceived as a rewarding
engaging experience per se… intrinsically
motivating
Rationale:

18. Main ideas:
(1) start immediately with practice (no lectures)
(2) promote learn by doing via small
progressive tasks, presented as
challenges, of which the first should be
obvious
(3) give continuous formative feedback
pedagogy methodology design methodology
Rationale and main ideas
premises evaluation and future
Learning should be perceived as a rewarding
engaging experience per se… intrinsically
motivating
Rationale:

19. design methodology evaluation and future
Example: small progressive challenges
premises pedagogy methodology

20. design methodology evaluation and future
Example: small progressive challenges
premises pedagogy methodology

21. design methodology evaluation and future
Example: small progressive challenges
premises pedagogy methodology

22. design methodology evaluation and future
Example: previously we did…
premises pedagogy methodology

23. Presentation outline
pedagogy methodologypremises evaluation and future

24. Presentation outline
pedagogy methodologypremises
design
methodology
evaluation and future

25. design methodology
How to design an interface for XA OS
premises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future

26. design methodology
How to design an interface for XA OS
premises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future

27. design methodology
How to design an interface for XA OS
premises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future
top
requirements
for interface

28. design methodology
Requirements for interface design
engage in
tasks
learn via
tasks
premises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future

29. how to
meet
both?
design methodology
Requirements for interface design
engage in
tasks
learn via
tasks
premises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future

30. design methodology
“Play but learn” design principles
premises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future
game principles
for engaging in tasks

31. learning principles
for effectiveness
design methodology
“Play but learn” design principles
only if
premises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future
game principles
for engaging in tasks

32. design methodology
Solution = playful videos for challenges
premises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future

33. design methodology
Solution = playful videos for challenges
premises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future
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“Watching, and even just
thinking about, tasks
activates the same parts of
the brain that are activated
when we actually do those
tasks”

34. design methodology
Design choices for videos: avatar
premises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future

35. design methodologypremises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future
Design choices for videos: navigation

36. design methodology
exercisetheory tips wrap-up
premises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future
Design choices for videos: navigation

37. design methodologypremises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future
Design choices for videos: accessibility
how to
explain
linking to
all

38. design methodologypremises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future
Design choices for videos: accessibility
info in 3
languages

39. design methodologypremises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future
Design choices for videos: accessibility
spoken

40. design methodologypremises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future
Design choices for videos: accessibility
written

41. design methodologypremises pedagogy methodology evaluation and future
Design choices for videos: accessibility
illustrated
or
animated

42. Presentation outline
design methodologypremises pedagogy methodology

43. evaluation
and future
Presentation outline
design methodologypremises pedagogy methodology

44. Evaluation design
Evaluation of videos for high-school usage:
• Before a usage session:
- contextual interviews with teachers from 2
high-schools and the pedagogy expert
- analytic evaluation with 4 evaluators
• During a usage session:
- observer’s observations for engagement
• After a usage session:
- contextual interviews with teachers
- survey for students from high-schools
pedagogy methodologypremises design methodology evaluation and future

45. Evaluation results
• Before a usage session:
- contextual interviews: generally positive; a
teacher got enthusiast and spontaneously
decided to change programme in the middle of
the school year
- analytic evaluation: generally positive, albeit
with issues of inconsistency for representation
of learners’ tasks
• During/after a usage session: results still
under analysis but in general students were
engaged in terms of time, interest and
concentration
pedagogy methodologypremises design methodology evaluation and future

46. evaluation and futurepedagogy methodology design methodologypremises
E3 OS Videos
• Introductory video
• Lab tasks in EN, IT,
DE:
- 30 in each
language
• Derived videos with
subtitles created by:
high-schools, fans
(LUG BZ), other
universities (Santiago,
Chile, ES)
Distribution: present

47. evaluation and futurepedagogy methodology design methodologypremises
Distribution: on-going work

48. evaluation and futurepedagogy methodology design methodologypremises
Distribution: on-going work

49. evaluation and futurepedagogy methodology design methodologypremises
E3OS Mooc: workflow design

50. evaluation and futurepedagogy methodology design methodologypremises
E3OS Mooc: workflow design

51. evaluation and futurepedagogy methodology design methodologypremises
E3OS Mooc: workflow design

52. evaluation and futurepedagogy methodology design methodologypremises
E3OS Mooc: workflow design

53. evaluation and futurepedagogy methodology design methodologypremises
E3OS Mooc: workflow design

54. evaluation and futurepedagogy methodology design methodologypremises
E3OS Mooc: workflow design

55. evaluation and futurepedagogy methodology design methodologypremises
E3OS Mooc: workflow design

56. Game over
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Kiitos
Grazie
Thank You
Danke
Gracias
Main contact:
gabriella.dodero@unibz.it
pedagogy methodology design methodologypremises
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Presentation
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E3 OS Mooc
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Keywords
-TEL
-Methodologies
for Gamified or
Game-based
Learning
-eXtreme
Apprenticeship
-Playful Interface
Design
-Interface Design
for Learning
!
Resources:
-youtube channel
-powtoon
-creative
commons
evaluation and future