Plant and Animal Interactions Lesson PowerPoint, Symbiosis, Pollination, Ecology

• Mechanical Defenses: Thorns and
serrated edges, and sap.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Serrated: Notch-like edges of a
saw or cutting blade.

 New Area of Focus: Plant and Animal
Interactions. Still part of symbiosis.

• Plants and animals are always coevolving.

Plants are creating defenses so they don’t get
eaten,

Plants are creating defenses so they don’t get
eaten, and animals are evolving ways to get
around these defenses and eat the plant.

• Evolution: The gradual change in a species
over time.

 Coevolution: When two or more species
influence each others evolution.

 Animals Strategies to eat plants
 -
 -
 -

 Animals have special teeth and mouth parts
to eat plants.

 Animals have special teeth and mouth parts
to eat plants.
“Insects
don’t have
teeth.”
“We have
structures
called
mandibles.”

• Ladybugs eat aphids.
–Don’t let their pretty appearance fool
you, they are veracious predators.

Check out that
warning coloration.

• Really sharp incisors for snipping plants
and cutting through trees.

• Have long tongues to avoid dangerous
plant ant mutualisms.

• Knock trees over / break branches to
reach leaves and fruits.

• Burrow underground to eat tubers and the
roots of the plants. (Naked Mole Rat)

• Many animals (living and extinct) swallow
stones. The round stones smash plant
matter together in the stomach as it rumbles
to aid in digestion.

• Some animals eat species when they are
young before the become difficult.

 They use microbe farms (leaf cutter ants).

Learn more / neat website and tour at…
http://www.globio.org/glossopedia/article.aspx?art_id=5

• Video Link! Leaf Cutter Ants
• Multiple Symbiosis (Ants, Fungus, Bacteria)
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RH3KYB
MpxOU

 Four chambered stomachs (many
herbivores)

 Four chambered stomachs (many
herbivores)
 Uses bacteria to break down difficult plant
matter.

“I only kind of eat
grass.”

“I only kind of eat
grass.” “I mostly
digest the bacteria
that eat the grass
that I ate.”

• Herbivores have gut bacteria that help them
digest plant matter. The bacteria are fed
plants, they grow, and then the cow eats the
bacteria.

• Herbivores have gut bacteria that help them
digest plant matter. The bacteria are fed
plants, they grow, and then the cow
processes the bacteria.

• Human Stomach

 Take in plant toxins: You are able to eat
poisonous plants.

 Take in plant toxins: You are able to eat
poisonous plants.
“Uhh Nastieoos”

• Bugged Out Available Sheet

• Activity! “Bugged Out” Activity
– Please create an animal with many strategies to feed on
plants and survive.
• Insects: Give them specialized mandilbles (teeth-like) or piercing
mouth parts, ability to sequester (absorb) toxins, microbe farms.
• Mammals: Four chambered stomach with gut bacteria, and
grinding teeth.
• Birds: Crushing Mouth Parts, gizzard stones
• Camouflage or give it a form of mimicry
– Batesian Mimicry (Looks like an object or other organism)
– Mullerian Mimicry (Warning Coloration)
• A symbiosis with another organisms
– Ex. Cleaning symbiosis
– Ex. Protective / defensive symbiosis
– Give it a cool common and science name;
• Ex) The Super Ant (Anticus killericus)
– The animal should be well drawn and all of the strategies should be
labeled neatly with a brief description.

Sharp
mandibles
for cutting
plants
Ability to
sequester
/ take in
toxins
Mullerian
Mimicry colors
say watch out
I’m poisonous
to predators
Can also cut leaves to feed
to its microbe farm
Symbiotic
relationship
with the
cleaning flea.
Flea gets
protection
and ant gets
cleaned.
Parasitic worm
that attacks
toxic ant

 Plant defense mechanisms
 -
 -
 -
 -
 -
 -

• If you don’t have good defenses, animals
will exploit you.

 Grow in a place difficult to be eaten.

 Repair quickly and let them eat the non-
essential parts of you.

 Mechanical Defenses: Thorns and serrated
edges, and sap.

• Mechanical Defenses: Thorns and
serrated edges, and sap.

• This grass is very sharp and can cut skin
easily.

• Close up of stinging nettles.

• Fossilized plant resin with prehistoric
insects in it.

Learn a lot more by reading this article and visiting links at…
http://www.sciencedaily.com/articles/p/plant_defense_against_her
bivory.htm

 Chemical Defenses such as toxins: Plants
become poisonous (nicotine, mustard,
caffeine).

• What is this common plant?

• Chemical toxin is urushiol.

Learn more about treatment, identification, etc. at..
http://poisonivy.aesir.com/view

• Creams help ease the itching and provide
some relief.

• Burning or eating Poison Ivy can be
hazardous because the chemicals can be
inhaled.

• Poison Ivy in the spring.
"Leaves of three? Let them be!" or
"One, two, three? Don't touch me."

• Poison Ivy’s Flowers are white.

• Winter (Don’t touch vines)

• Poison Ivy grows as a vine (Climb).

I thought I
was immune
to Poison Ivy

• Quiz Wiz –Poison Ivy Identification. 1-10,
Write Poison Ivy for the slides that are,
and Not Ivy for the others.

• Answers 1-10 Poison Ivy Quiz

"Leaves of three? Let them be!" or
"One, two, three? Don't touch me."

• Bonus Answer: Batman and Robin,
character name is called Poison Ivy played
by Uma Thurman.

• The Foxglove can cause death if eaten.

• Yum, these look tasty? Should I eat them?

• Answer! No, they are poisonous.

• Which one is edible?

 Be extremely hard to digest.
 Cellulose is a complex sugar.

• Think about celery, then be ten times
harder to chew.

 You have protective insects, birds, or
mammals that attack predators.
 You feed your friends a bit (mutualism).

• Activity! Plant Defenses Activity
–Please create a unique plant with many
defenses.
–Give it a cool name.
• Science and Common.
–The plant should be well drawn and all of
the strategies should be labeled neatly with
a brief description.
• Feel free to give it a dispersive mutualism or parasite.
–Example on next slide.

Plant ant mutual
symbiosis. Plant
gives drops of
sugar, ants
protect leaves.
Leaves are
very difficult
to digest and
loaded with
chemical
toxins.
Mechanical
Defenses such
as thorns.
Sticky sap
makes
eating
difficult for
insects
Dispersive mutualism
Parasite
aphid

• Presentation of Animals and Plants
–I will call a plant and animal up to the front
of the room.
–Give a quick summary of your plant or
animal with its name and strategies. (30
seconds max!)
–I will flip a coin, heads = Animal wins,
Tails =Plant wins. I collect losing poster.
–Winner stays for next round until end, don’t
need to repeat presentation.

• Coin Toss Simulator
• http://www.virtualcointoss.com/ or…
• http://www.random.org/coins/
Stand
here
Stand
here

• You can now complete these questions on
your bundled homework.

• Try to figure out the picture beneath the
boxes first.
– Raise your hand when you know, you only get
one guess.

• “AYE” Advance Your Exploration ELA and
Literacy Opportunity Worksheet
– Visit some of the many provided links or..
– Articles can be found at (w/ membership to
NABT and NSTA)
• http://www.nabt.org/websites/institution/index.php?p=
1
• http://learningcenter.nsta.org/browse_journals.aspx?j
ournal=tst
Please visit at least one of
the “learn more”
educational links provided
in this unit and complete
this worksheet

• “AYE” Advance Your Exploration ELA and
Literacy Opportunity Worksheet
– Visit some of the many provided links or..
– Articles can be found at (w/ membership to NABT
and NSTA)
• http://www.nabt.org/websites/institution/index.php?p=1
• http://learningcenter.nsta.org/browse_journals.aspx?jo
urnal=tst

• This PowerPoint is one small part of my Ecology
Interactions Unit. This unit includes
• 3 Part 2000+ Slide PowerPoint
• 12 page bundled homework packaged that
chronologically follows PowerPoint, + modified
version and answer keys.
• 7 pages of unit notes with visuals
• 3 PowerPoint review games with answer keys.
• Rubrics, games, flash cards and much more.
• http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Interactio
ns_Unit.html

Areas of Focus within The Ecology Interactions Unit:
Levels of Biological Organization (Ecology), Parts of the Biosphere,
Habitat, Ecological Niche, Types of Competition, Competitive
Exclusion Theory, Animal Interactions, Food Webs, Predator Prey
Relationships, Camouflage, Population Sampling, Abundance,
Relative Abundance, Diversity, Mimicry, Batesian Mimicry, Mullerian
Mimicry, Symbiosis, Parasitism, Mutualism, Commensalism, Plant
and Animal Interactions, Coevolution, Animal Strategies to Eat
Plants, Plant Defense Mechanisms, Exotic Species, Impacts of
Invasive Exotic Species. An entire mini unit of ecological
succession is also included with homework, notes, field study
project and PowerPoint review game
Full Unit can be found at…
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Interactions_Unit.html

• Please visit the links below to learn more
about each of the units in this curriculum
– These units take me about four years to complete
with my students in grades 5-10.
Earth Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide
Geology Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html
Astronomy Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Astronomy_Unit.html
Weather and Climate Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Weather_Climate_Unit.html
Soil Science, Weathering, More http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html
Water Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Water_Molecule_Unit.html
Rivers Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/River_and_Water_Quality_Unit.html
= Easier = More Difficult = Most Difficult
5th – 7th grade 6th – 8th grade 8th – 10th grade

Physical Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide
Science Skills Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Science_Introduction_Lab_Safety_Metric_Methods.
html
Motion and Machines Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Newtons_Laws_Motion_Machines_Unit.html
Matter, Energy, Envs. Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html
Atoms and Periodic Table Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Atoms_Periodic_Table_of_Elements_Unit.html
Life Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide
Human Body / Health Topics
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Human_Body_Systems_and_Health_Topics_Unit.html
DNA and Genetics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/DNA_Genetics_Unit.html
Cell Biology Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Cellular_Biology_Unit.html
Infectious Diseases Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Infectious_Diseases_Unit.html
Taxonomy and Classification Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Taxonomy_Classification_Unit.html
Evolution / Natural Selection Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Evolution_Natural_Selection_Unit.html
Botany Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Plant_Botany_Unit.html
Ecology Feeding Levels Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Feeding_Levels_Unit.htm
Ecology Interactions Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Interactions_Unit.html
Ecology Abiotic Factors Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Abiotic_Factors_Unit.html

• Thank you for your time and interest in this
curriculum tour. Please visit the welcome / guide on
how a unit works and link to the many unit previews
to see the PowerPoint slideshows, bundled
homework, review games, unit notes, and much
more. Thank you for your interest and please feel
free to contact me with any questions you may have.
Best wishes.
• Sincerely,
• Ryan Murphy M.Ed
• ryemurf@gmail.com

• The entire four year curriculum can be found at...
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/ Please feel free to
contact me with any questions you may have.
Thank you for your interest in this curriculum.
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com

Plant and Animal Interactions Lesson PowerPoint, Symbiosis, Pollination, Ecology

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Plant and Animal Interactions Lesson PowerPoint, Symbiosis, Pollination, Ecology