This document categorizes and describes the different types of special education in Michigan. It outlines 13 categories: Cognitive Impairment, Emotional Impairment, Hearing Impairment, Visual Impairment, Physical Impairment, Other Health Impairment, Speech and Language Impairment, Early Childhood Development Delay, Specific Learning Disability, Severe Multiple Impairment, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Deaf-Blind. For each category it provides a brief definition and some examples of conditions that may fall under that category.
2. Cognitive Impairment (CI) IQ of 70 or lower Common terms Cognitive impairment Mental retardation Developmental disabilities Intellectual disabilities Difficult time doing adaptive skills. Showering, eating, brushing teeth, getting dressed, and other daily things.
3. Emotional Impairment (EI) Disruptive or inappropriate behaviors that may affect a child's learning, social life, and even personal life. Random outbursts Inner and outer types of behavior Examples: Anxiety disorder, mood disorder, schizophrenia, and many more.
4. Hearing Impairment (HI) Controversies Where child should be educated Learning sign language Should child receive cochlear implant? Deaf Hard of hearing Prelingually deaf Postlingually deaf
5. Visual Impairment (VI) Visual efficiency How well sight is used Visual acuity Distance Residual vision Functional use
6. Physical Impairment (PI) Cerebral palsy Brain can not control functions Four types Spastic-70-80% of cases Athetoid Ataxic mixed Muscular Dystrophy Wasting away of the muscle/ muscle weakness Spina Bifida Spinal cord is not formed correctly Orthopedic impairment Affects child's educational performance
7. Other Health Impairment (OHI) Due to health problems, either big or small. Affects child's learning ability mostly to be able to pay attention in class. ADHD/ADD is the most common Asthma Allergies
8. Speech and Language Impairment (SLI) Language Form Content use Speech Voice Articulation Fluency
9. Early Childhood Development Delay (ECDD) A child with a disability related to learning that does not take place because of visual or hearing problems. Basic reading Basic math Comprehension
11. Severe Multiple Impairment (SXI) Impairments that are so sever that children can not learn using the special learning tools. Child can not be placed in a “normal” class room. The severity is determined by testing the child.
12. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) A developmental disorder. Typically appears within the first three years of life. Affects brain social skills Characteristics Communication Social interaction Behavior Sensory and motor skills Types of autism Autistic disorder Asperger's disorder Pervasive development disorder Rhett's Disorder Childhood disintegrative disorder
13. Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) An injury to the brain not caused by birth. Greatly affects the childs performance at school Two types Closed head injury Open head injury
14. Deaf-Blind (DB) Use special instruments in the classroom to help their learning. examples: Close circuit TVs, talking books, Braille, personal readers..Etc.
15. Work Cited Pictures http://www.elements4health.com/software-developed-that-analyzes-mr-images-to-diagnose-alzheimers.html http://www.nei.nih.gov/canwesee/ http://people.howstuffworks.com/sign-language2.htm http://wiki.injuryboard.com/help-center/head-and-brain-injuries/default.aspx http://www.maxiaids.com/categories/21/Canes.html Information http://www.bridges4kids.org/Disabilities/MIlabels.html http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002494/ http://www.parentpals.com/gossamer/pages/Detailed/683.html http://www.traumaticbraininjury.com/
