2. Energy balance
Energy balance may refer to:
First law of thermodynamics, according to which energy cannot be created or destroyed, only
modified in form
Earth's energy imbalance, the difference between incoming solar radiation and outgoing long
wave radiation
Energy balance (biology), a measurement of the biological homeostasis of energy in living
systems
Energy balance (energy economics), verification and analysis of emergence, transformation and
use of energy sources within an economic zone
Energy economics, where the energy balance of a country is an aggregate presentation of all
human activities related to energy, except for natural and biological processes
Groundwater energy balance, comparing a groundwater body in terms of incoming hydraulic
energy associated with groundwater inflow and outflow
Energy returned on energy invested (EROEI), ratio of the amount of usable energy acquired from
a particular energy resource to the amount of energy expended to obtain that energy resource
Energy accounting, a system used within industry, where measuring and analyzing the energy
consumption of different activities is done to improve energy efficiency
Energy Economics (journal), a scientific journal published by Elsevier under its "North Holland"
imprint
A calculation used in designing industrial processes in which all energy flows and
transformations, such as changes in temperature, heats of reaction, use of steam or other
sources of heat, etc., are accounted for. Usually called a mass and energy balance because both
are necessarily part of the calculation because of multiple materials involved, chemical reactions,
phase changes, etc. and partial treatment of some of the materials. Energy balances are widely
used in the chemical, petroleum and pulp and paper industries.
3. Arrangement
n. organization; order; grouping of
persons or things; agreement;
manner in which something is placed
or occupying space; (Music) music
arrangement, adaptation of a
composition for performance by a
specific voices or set of instruments;
(Music) act of adapting a musical
composition arrangement
4. Oxidation
n. oxidizing, uniting with oxygen; being oxidized
English Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia
Redox
Redox is a contraction of the name for chemical
reduction-oxidation reaction. A reduction reaction
always occurs with an oxidation reaction. Redox
reactions include all chemical reactions in which atoms
have their oxidation state changed; in general, redox
reactions involve the transfer of electrons between
chemical species. The chemical species from which the
electron is stripped is said to have been oxidized, while
the chemical species to which the electron is added is
said to have been reduced. Oxygen is not necessarily
included in such reactions as other chemical species
can serve the same function.
5. Exothermic
Exothermic process
In thermodynamics, the term exothermic process (exo- :
"outside") describes a process or reaction that releases
energy from the system to it's sorrundings, usually in the
form of heat, but also in a form of light (e.g. a spark, flame,
or flash), electricity (e.g. a battery), or sound (e.g.
explosion heard when burning hydrogen). Its etymology
stems from the Greek prefix έξω (exō, which means
"outwards") and the Greek word θερμικός (thermikόs,
which means "thermal"). The term exothermic was first
coined by Marcellin Berthelot. The opposite of an
exothermic process is an endothermic process, one that
absorbs energy in the form of heat.
6. Measuring
n. taking of dimensions
Measurement is the assignment of a number to a
characteristic of an object or event, which can be
compared with other objects or events. The scope and
application of a measurement is dependent on the
context and discipline. In the natural sciences and
engineering, measurements do not apply to nominal
properties of objects or events, which is consistent with
the guidelines of the International vocabulary of
metrology published by the International Bureau of
Weights and Measures. However, in other fields such
as statistics as well as the social and behavioral
sciences, measurements can have multiple levels,
which would include nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio
scales.
7. Discharge
adj. released, dismissed
discharge
v. unload goods; eject; dismiss; release from an obligation; shoot, fire
(from a gun or weapon)
English Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia
Discharge in the context to expel or to "let go" may refer to:
Military discharge, when a member of the armed forces is released
from service
Termination of employment, the end of an employee's duration with an
employer
Patient discharge, the formal ending of inpatient care
Discharge (sentence), a criminal sentence where no punishment is
imposed
The act of firing a gun
Port of discharge or delivery (POD)
8. Thermocouple
English Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia
A thermocouple is an electrical device consisting of two different conductors forming electrical
junctions at differing temperatures. A thermocouple produces a temperature-dependent voltage
as a result of the thermoelectric effect, and this voltage can be interpreted to measure
temperature. Thermocouples are a widely used type of temperature sensor.
WordNet 2.0
thermocouple
Noun
1. a kind of thermometer consisting of two wires of different metals that are joined at both ends;
one junction is at the temperature to be measured and the other is held at a fixed lower
temperature; the current generated in the circuit is proportional to the temperature difference
(synonym) thermocouple junction
(hypernym) thermometer
Babylon French-English
thermocouple
nm. thermocouple, thermoelectric couple for measuring differences in temperature (Physics)
9. Catalytic
Babylon English
adj. causing catalysis, causing an acceleration in the
rate of chemical reactions
English Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia
Catalysis
Catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical
reaction due to the participation of an additional
substance called a catalyst . With a catalyst, reactions
occur faster and require less activation energy. Because
catalysts are not consumed in the catalyzed reaction,
they can continue to catalyze the reaction of further
quantities of reactant. Often only tiny amounts are
required.
10. Termal equilibrium
Two physical systems are in thermal equilibrium if no heat flows between them
when they are connected by a path permeable to heat. Thermal equilibrium obeys
the zeroth law of thermodynamics. A system is said to be in thermal equilibrium
with itself if the temperature within the system is spatially and temporally uniform.
Thermodynamic equilibrium
Thermodynamic equilibrium is an axiomatic concept of thermodynamics. It is an
internal state of a single thermodynamic system, or a relation between several
thermodynamic systems connected by more or less permeable or impermeable
walls. In thermodynamic equilibrium there are no net macroscopic flows of matter
or of energy, either within a system or between systems. In a system in its own
state of internal thermodynamic equilibrium, no macroscopic change occurs.
Systems in mutual thermodynamic equilibrium are simultaneously in mutual
thermal, mechanical, chemical, and radiative equilibria. Systems can be in one
kind of mutual equilibrium, though not in others. In thermodynamic equilibrium, all
kinds of equilibrium hold at once and indefinitely, until disturbed by a
thermodynamic operation. In a macroscopic equilibrium, almost or perfectly
exactly balanced microscopic exchanges occur; this is the physical explanation of
the notion of macroscopic equilibrium.
11. Capability
n. ability, skill, general ability or power of an
organization or a machine to be used to do
something or to do something
English Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia
Capability
A capability is the ability to perform or achieve
certain actions or outcomes through a set of
controllable and measurable faculties, features,
functions, processes, or services.
12. Dissipation
n. dispersion, disintegration; debauchery, wantonness
English Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia
Dissipation
Dissipation is the result of an irreversible process that takes
place in inhomogeneous thermodynamic systems. A
dissipative process is a process in which energy (internal, bulk
flow kinetic, or system potential) is transformed from some
initial form to some final form; the capacity of the final form to
do mechanical work is less than that of the initial form. For
example, heat transfer is dissipative because it is a transfer of
internal energy from a hotter body to a colder one. Following
the second law of thermodynamics, the entropy varies with
temperature (reduces the capacity of the combination of the
two bodies to do mechanical work), but never decreases in an
isolated system.
13. Power
adj. operated by a motor or electricity;
assisted by a power source, partially
operated by a motor or electricity
n. strength; ability; capability; authority;
exponent (Mathematics); output, capacity
(of electricity, etc.)
v. provide power, supply with power; set in
motion, drive; inspire, motivate
14. Methane
n. swamp gas; gas obtained from the natural
decomposition of organic matter (Chemistry)
English Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia
Methane
Methane ( or ) is a chemical compound with the
chemical formula (one atom of carbon and four
atoms of hydrogen). It is the simplest alkane
and the main component of natural gas. The
relative abundance of methane on Earth makes
it an attractive fuel, though capturing and storing
it poses challenges due to its gaseous state
found at standard conditions for temperature
and pressure.
15. Velocity
n. speed; rate of change of the position of a
moving body in relation to its speed and
direction of travel
English Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia
Velocity
The velocity of an object is the rate of change of
its position with respect to a frame of reference,
and is a function of time. Velocity is equivalent
to a specification of its speed and direction of
motion (e.g. to the north). Velocity is an
important concept in kinematics, the branch of
classical mechanics that describes the motion of
bodies.
