In-text citations are used to help tell the reader where the material, facts and figures you are talking over taken from.
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1. How to Do In-Text
Citations in a
Research Paper
2. Introduction
• Proper in-text citations within a research or term paper can
make the difference between a passing and failing grade, as
failure to provide proper in-text citations can lead to a charge
of plagiarism.
3. Step 1
• Use an in-text citation whenever you are discussing an idea
that is not your own. Any information, including images,
statistics, data, ideas, quotes or paraphrases, that you use
from another source must be cited within the text of your
paper
4. Step 2
• Place the in-text citation within the text of your paper after the
information that the citation refers to. In most cases the citation
will go at the end of the sentence, but in some cases where you are
discussing a concept in more than one sentence, you will put the
citation after a set of sentences that are all discussing the same
idea or concept.
• Additionally, sometimes you will have more than one idea within a
sentence, and each idea will come from a separate source. When
this is the case, you will have multiple in-text citations within the
sentence.
5. Step 3
• Review the guidelines of the particular type of writing style
that you have been requested to use in writing your paper to
determine the proper format for your in-text citations. Some
of the most common citation methods include APA, MLA and
Chicago.
• An example of an APA in-text citation would look like this:
Jones and Jones (2007) discovered the principle of excitation.
Alternatively, it may look like this: Researchers have recently
discovered the principle of excitation (Jones & Jones, 2007).
6. Step 4
• Ensure that each in-text citation matches up with a full citation
placed in your reference list, which may be termed a bibliography
or works cited list.
• This allows a reader to look at a citation within the text of your
paper and then refer to the reference list to find the full details of
the citation so that she can investigate the topic further on her
own.