globalization and education

1. Globalization
and
Education

2. What is Globalization?
Globalization
–Used to describe the growing
integration of economics worldwide
through increases in trade investment
flows, and technology transfer.

3. What Globalization is all about?
Globalization describes the interplay
across cultures of macro-social forces.
These forces include religion, politics,
and economics. Globalization can erode
and universalize the characteristics of a
local group.

4. Characteristics of Globalization
that can be linked to Education:
• Educational Terms
• Economic Terms
– Is the increasing economic interdependence of
national economies across the world through a
rapid increase in cross-border movement of
goods, service, technology, and capital.

5. Political Terms
• Under globalization, politics can take place above the
state through political integration schemes such as
the European Union and through intergovernmental
organizations such as the International Monetary
Fund, the World Bank and the World Trade
Organization. Political activity can also transcend
national borders through global movements and
NGOs. Civil society organizations act globally by
forming alliances with organizations in other
countries, using global communications systems, and
lobbying international organizations and other actors
directly, instead of working through their national
governments.

6. Cultural Terms
• Refers to the transmission of ideas, meanings
and values across national borders. This
process is marked by the spread of
commodities and ideologies, which become
standardized around the world. Mass
consumption serves as a facilitator between
different people and cultures around the
globe as a result of the exponential growth of
the human population.

7. Aspects of
Globalization

8. Aspects of Globalization
1. Industrial Globalization, Trans-Nationalization
– refers to the rise and expansion of multinational
and transnational enterprises
2. Financial Globalization
– refers to the emergence of world wide financial
markets and better access to external financing for
corporate,, national and sub-national borrowers

9. 3. Political Globalization
– refers to the spread of political sphere of
interests to the regions and countries outside
the neighborhood of political actors and the
potential formation of a global citizen movement
4. Information Globalization
– refers to the increase in information flows
between geographically remote locations
5. Cultural Globalization
– refers to the growth of cross-cultural contacts
6. Globalism
– refers to the universal internationalist impulse
that the world is connected

10. Implication of Global Information
Society in the Education System
• Demands for widening the education access for all.
• Continuous lifelong learning
• Global versus local cultural development
• Creation of new educational networked
organization
• Changing the educational management from
hierarchical institutions to equal distributions of
network organizations from commanding to
negotiating
• Demand for more flexible and general skills

11. What are the Core Values and
Competencies for Global Education?
Core Values
• Peace & non-violence
• Social justice
• Human rights
• Economic well-being &
equity
• Cultural integrity
• Ecological balance
• Democratic participation
Core Skills and Competencies
• Self-worth & self-affirmation
• Affirmation & others
• Cultural & racial differences
• Critical thinking
• Effective communication skills
• Non-violent conflict resolution
& meditation
• Imagination
• Effective organizing

12. Socio-Cultural, Economic and
Political Issues on Globalization

13. 1. Socio-cultural Issues
• Massive migration- are changing the ways we
experience national identities and cultural
belonging
• Managing difference- is becoming one of the
greatest challenges to multicultural countries
• Global changes in culture- deeply affect
educational policies, practices and institutions

14. 2. Economic Issues
• Worldwide inequality
• Consistency and quality of educational
experiences remain patchy
• Secondary education in developing countries
remains quite weak
• New technologies of globalization

15. 3. Political Issues
• Constraint on national/state policy
• Economic coordination and exchange
• Global conflict
• Crime
• Terrorism
• Environmental issues

16. Conflict and Consensus
Perspective on the Role of
Education in Understanding
Globalization

17. Forces of Globalization
• Taxing youth
• Families
• Education system

18. Experiences of youth will be linked to:
• Economic realities
• Social processes
• Technological and media innovations
• Cultural flows

19. Roles of education
• Education will need both rethinking and
restructuring if schooling is to best prepare the
children and the youth of the world to engage
globalization’s new challenges, opportunities and
costs.
• Education should shape the cognitive skills,
interpersonal sensibilities, and cultural
sophistication of children and youth whose lives
will be both engaged in local contexts and
responsive to larger transnational process.

21. Globalization and its Impact on
Education
• Needed reforms within the educational system
• The fall out of globalization

22. What are these needed
reforms in education?

23. 1. Content of Education
A. Curriculum Up-gradation- the modern advances in
information technology have revolutionized among
others, the content of knowledge and the process of
educational transaction
B. Productivity Orientation- the basic objective of
globalization is to enhance productivity and to make
the educational system an instrument in preparing
students who can complete in the world markets as
productive members of the society.

24. 2. The Fall out of Globalization
A. Internationalization of education
– This has become a worldwide phenomenon
because of the entry World Trade Organization
(WTO) and the inclusion of educational services
under the General Agreement on Trade and
Services (GATS) which has given a boost to the
internationalization of higher education.

25. B. Finance-related issues
– In order to be a part of global configuration,
the requirement of funds for social services
including education win increase manifold.
C. Privatization of secondary and higher
education
– As a corollary to the suggestions about
reducing public investment in secondary and
higher education, a plea has been made to
hand over these sectors to private bodies.

26. Impact on Education
• It will mean or more competitive and
deregulative educational system.
• With more pressure on it to assure that the next
generation of workers are prepared for some
amorphous job market of 21st century.
• Educational system will increasingly provide the
sites of struggle over the meaning and power of
national identity and a national culture.