Rice Production and Strategy to Increase Food Security in Malaysia

Government of Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry
RICE PRODUCTION &
STRATEGY TO INCREASE
FOOD SECURITY IN
MALAYSIA

PADDY PRODUCTION
(WET PADDY ONLY)
MALAYSIA 2013 JELAPANG
PADI
Planted Areas
(ha)
605000 380283
Average Yield
(t/Ha)
4.30 5.20
Source: Ministry of Agriculture & Agro-based Industry Malaysia

PRODUCTION & IMPORTS
1990 2000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
PRODUCTI
ON – M T
1.22 1.38 1.38 1.53 1.52 1.62 1.64 1.67 1.70 1.67
SSL(%) 78.7 70.0 62.2 65.7 58.2 58.9 63.8 62.5 63.0 62.5
IMPORT -
MT
0.33 0.59 0.84 0.80 1.09 1.13 0.93 1.0 1.0 1.0

NUTRITIOUS and SAFE
FOOD TO MAINTAIN
HEALTH
ECONOMIC ACCESS
+
PHYSICAL ACCESS
FOOD SECURITY

Increase Domestic Rice
Production
Stablised Rice Price
+
Ensure Sufficient Supply
FOOD SECURITY

Y. Pot. T/Ha
TRADITIONAL VAR: 2.0
MAHSURI 4.0
RIA, JAYA ETC 5.5
SETANJUNG 6.5
MR 84 8.0
MR 219 (LATER VAR.) 10.0
2 HYBRID : 10 +
(SIRAJ AND HS 98)
( aromatic and pulut
lower potential)
YIELD POTENTIAL OF RELEASE VARIETIES

POTENTIAL TO INCREASE
PRODUCTIVITY IN NON-GRANARY
AREAS (based on Pilot projects)
POTENTIAL
Av. YIELD T/HA
%HIGH YIELDING
FARMERS
SABAH: 1. PAPAR
2. KOTA
BELUT
4.0
5.5
20% MORE THAN
5t/ha
20% MORE THAN 6
T/HA
SARAWAK: 1. T. Purun
2. B. Lupar
4.5
4.5
15% MORE THAN 6 T/HA
15% MORE THAN 6T/HA
PENINSULAR – NON
GRANARY
6.0 10% more than
7 t/ha

For Rice SSL 100%
Average yield must increase to 7.0 t/ha
(20 % of farmers is getting yield more than 6 t/ha)
Problem is:
60% getting yield 4 - 6 t/ha,
And 18 % getting 4 t/ha and below

STRATERGY TO INCREASE RICE
PRODUCTION
1. INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY: yield increase
Based on current technologies: technology
transfer
2. INCREASE YIELD POTENTIAL THROUGH
RESEARCH
3. INCREASE UTILIZATION OF MARGINAL
LAND THROUGH NEW TECHNOLOGY
4. REGIONAL COOPERATION

REASON FOR LOW YIELD
1. LOW PLANT NUMBER
2. WEEDS INCLUDING ‘PADI ANGIN’
3. PESTS AND DISEASES
4. HARVESTING LOSES AND POST HARVEST LOSES
THESE ARE DUE TO POOR CROP
MANAGEMENT AND POOR SERVICE
PROVIDER

HOW TO GET MORE
FARMERS TO OBTAIN HIGH
YIELD – CLOSE TO
POTENTIAL

1. Increase average yield through
productivity
• Crop Management
Land preparation:Level plot and good
tillage
* Variety, seeds supply and quality, seed rate
* Water management (water timing, depth)
* Crop management (timing of herbicide
&fertilizer application etc)
* Service providers (land preparation, inputs
application & harvesting)
* Monitoring crops growth and pest/disease
incidence

1. Increase average yield through
productivity
• Crop Production System
* Develop larger small holder operators
* Group farming with central
management
* Mini-estate – central management
* Establish large estates through
consolidation

1. Increase Average Yield Through
Productivity
• Crop Monitoring System - DSS
* Integrate disease and pest model, forecasting
model with long range weather forecast
* Fertilizer model/needs of crops
* Monitoring system for early signs of pest and
disease & nutrient deficiency – remote and
ground sensors
* Forecast economic loss and recommendations
* GPS and information dissemination system

Effective rice technology
transfer and promotion
1. Pilot projects and demo plots
2. Modules/manual for high yield rice production
technology; training
3. Entrepreneur development for selected rice
technologies:
i. High yield/specialty rice/organic rice/
aerobic rice/feed rice
ii. selected rice products/by-
products

2. Increase Yield Potential Through Research
• Breeding new varieties with higher potential in:
* increasing panicle and grain size
* better photosynthesis rate;
low respiration rate
* better fertilizer efficiency
* Better resistance to pest and diseases
* Increase grain filling duration
• Use wild Rice in crosses to increase genetic
diversity
• Hybrid rice varieties: 15 – 20% higher potential

High yield rice production system
Fertilizer management for high yield production
system: types of fertilizer,
formulation, application technology
Cultural practices for high yield production
system
Population dynamics of rice pests and diseases
in high-input rice production areas

Environment friendly rice pest
management technologies
1. Cultural practice for pest management
2. Natural enemies and biodiversity conservation
3. Biological control diseases and insect pests
4. Management of rodents and golden apple snail
5. Management strategies for new emerging pests
6. Weed management anticipating responses in the weed flora

3. Increase utilization of marginal land:
rain-fed, peat soil, acid soil, sandy soil
• Utilizing new technologies from research and
development
• Aerobic rice (varieties, water management, weed
management) : areas with no proper infrastructures
• New varieties with tolerance to peat soil, acid soils
• New agronomic packages for peat soil, acid soils
• Food crop rotation and animal integration in single
cropped rice areas

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Rice Production and Strategy to Increase Food Security in Malaysia

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