Tennyson Magombo: Incidence of Indigenous and Innovative climate change adaptation practices for smallholder farmers’ livelihood security in chikhwawa district, southern Malawi
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Tennyson Magombo: Incidence of Indigenous and Innovative climate change adaptation practices for smallholder farmers’ livelihood security in chikhwawa district, southern Malawi
- 1. Enabling Rural Innovation for Climate Change Adaptation: Incidence of Indigenous and Innovative Climate Change Adaptation Practices for Smallholder Farmers’ Livelihood Security in Chikhwawa District, Southern Malawi Tennyson Magombo, George kanthiti , Grace Phiri, Mutisungirire Kachulu,Hilda Kabuli
- 5. Introduction
- 6. Incidence of Climate Change Impacts
- 7. Rainfall Pattern for Chikhwawa
- 8. Monthly and Three Months Total Rainfall Distribution
- 15. The utility is modelled as a random variable in order to reflect this uncertainty. More specifically, the utility that individual i is associating with alternative a is given by
- 16. To the neoclassical economic theory, the alternative with the highest utility is supposed to be chosen. Therefore, the probability that alternative a is chosen by decision-maker i within choice set C is
- 18. Let be a random variable representing the adaptation measure chosen by any farm family. According to Greene, (2003) the MNL model for adaptation choice specifies the relationship between the probability of choosing option and the set of explanatory variables X as follows:
- 19. Data
- 20. Descriptive Statistics of household Characteristics Variable Obs Mean Std Deviation Min Max Age of hh head 300 41.9667 15.0190 18 86 Education of hh head 300 5.4733 3.9448 0 16 Household Size 300 6 3 1 15 Farming experience of hh head 300 18.3733 14.3800 1 68 Value of hh assets 300 75,301.11 237,020.20 0 3,141,200 Land Holding size 300 3.6638 2.2603 0 15.5 Months hh had no own maize in 2009 139 7.884892 3.005018 0 12 Months hh had no own sorghum in 2009 236 7.991525 2.902667 0 12 Distance to market 300 3.8097 2.7744 0 13 Total annual income 300 5,204.65 90,392.73 0 1,000,000
- 21. Identified Indigenous Adaptation Strategies I.D Adaptation strategy Percentage of households practicing 1 Crop diversification 84 2 Eating Nyika a wild tuber plant 56.67 3 Apply organic manure to fields 53 4 Mixed crop and L/stock farming 43.33 5 Small scale irrigation 42.33 6 Nonfarm income generating activities 27.67 Sample size 300
- 23. Identified indigenous climate change adaptation strategies
- 28. Farming practices that exacerbate the impact of climate change
- 35. End of Presentation Thank you for your kind attention. God bless you!