From the 2010 Alliance to Save Energy Green Campus Energy Efficiency Summit – Greening the Campus, Building the Workforce

1. Auditing 101
Morgan King, Campus Lead
Jackie Mercure, CSU Chico Team Manager

2. Why Do an Energy Audit?
Knowing is half the battle
Prioritization of savings measures
WHY DO AN ENERGY AUDIT?
Self Generation
Broad vs. targeted audits

3. Energy Audit Procedure
• EVALUATE EXISTING ENERGY CONSUMPTION
• IDENTIFY SAVINGS MEASURES
• REPORT RESULTS
ENERGY AUDIT PROCEDURE
• INSTALL, ENABLE, EDUCATE ON SAVINGS
MEASURES
• FOLLOW-UP

4. Basic Tools for the Energy Audit
MARKETING MATERIALS
WATT METERS
BALLAST CHECKERS
LIGHT METER
SPREADSHEETS/ CALCULATORS
REPORT TEMPLATE
LIST OF RECOMMENDATIONS

5. Energy Vs. Power
 Watts (W) and kilowatts (kW)
measure power, or the rate
at which electrical work is performed.
 Watt-hours (Wh) and kilowatt-hours (kWh) measure energy, or
the quantity of electricity used.
 Demand is measured in watts, Consumption is measured in
watt hours.
 Estimate how many hours a day the device is used in a given
period of time such as one month. Multiply this by kilowatts to
determine kilowatt-hours (kWh).
 W/1000 x hours of use = kWh

6. Power Vs. Energy Example: AC
Power: 2.1 kW
2500
2000
1500
Watts
Power Vs. Energy
1000
Example: AC500
0
12:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00
Time
Energy: 1.1 kWh
6

7. ENERGY COSTS
USING kWh TO FIGURE COSTS AND GHG
$0.11-$0.18 per kWh (CA)
1.3 lbs CO2 per kWh (US)
0.8 lbs CO2 per kWh (CA, CCAR)

8. Common Appliance Energy Use
Average EnergyUs
Average CO2 Emissions
Watts Hours ed per
Appliance Cost per per Month
(W) Used Per Month
Month ($)* (Lbs)**
Month (kWh)
Refrigerator/Freezer (Energy Star) 800 117 94 12 47
Refrigerator/Freezer (Pre 1992) 600 215 129 17 65
Flat Screen TV 120 120 14 2 7
DVD Player 22 45 1 0 0
Common Appliance Energy 15
Microwave 1,000 Use 15 2 8
Clothes Dryer - Electric 4,600 20 92 12 46
*$0.13 per kWh
(online search)
**0.5 lbs CO2 per kWh

9. Phantom Loads
Phantom Load

10. Phantom Loads
PHANTOM LOADS
$3 BILLION A YEAR!
DOE, 2007

11. Plug Load Recommendations
• Behaviors
• Controls
and Operations
• Upgrades and
Retrofits
• Eliminate
Redundancies

12. Plug Load Audit Exercise
PLUG LOAD AUDIT EXERCISE

13. Campus Overhead Lighting
 Components of lighting systems:
• Lamps (fluorescent, incandescent, halogen)
• Ballasts (8 - 20% of the energy!)
• Fixtures
• Controls
 Adjustments to any of these components can reduce energy
consumption.
 Daylighting also needs consideration.

14. How Fluorescent Lamps Work

15. T8 Vs. T12
Comparison of T8 and T1 2 Flu oresce nt Systems
mp # Lamps/Watt/Le ngth Ballast Type Watts/Ft 2
CRI† Annual
e Operatin g
Cost ²
2 3/4 0 W/ 4 8 ” T1 2 Magnetic 1.5 62 $4, 5 00
3/3 2 W/ 4 8 ” T8 Electr onic 0.8 86 $2, 4 00
T8 VS. T12
†CRI = Color Rendering Index. The higher the CRI, the more natural objects will
appear under a light source
∆Based on $0.12/kWh at 3,000 hrs/year operation

16. De-lamping and Design By Task
• Illuminance measures amount of light falling on a surface
• 1 footcandle = 1 lumen/square foot
• IES recommendations
Conference Areas = 30 Footcandles
DE-LAMPING AND
Classrooms = 30 – 50 Footcandles
DESIGN and Waiting Areas = 10 Footcandles
Lounge BY TASK
• Light Meters

17. Lighting Recommendations
LIGHTING RECOMMENDATIONS
 Replace older fluorescent systems (T12 Magnetic) with more
efficient (T8 Electronic) lamps & ballasts
 Convert incandescent fixtures and lamps to fluorescent fixtures and
lamps
 Use task lighting to minimize overhead lighting
 Maximize day-lighting
 Regular cleaning, replace diffusers
 Turn off lights when not needed, and/or use automatic controls

18. Audit Program Case Study: SCOOP

19. SCOOP
Paper
Waste/ Recycling
Purchasing
Elements of a SCOOP Audit
Health
Energy
Phantom loads
Lighting

20. SCOOP Recommendations
Top Three Recommended Changes
Turn off your power strips at night.
Install Power Management Software on existing computer labs.
Install Paper Reuse trays next to paper stations such as printer and on
personal desks.
More detailed recommendations follow later in this report.
Positive Existing Behaviors and Practices
Employees utilize a central office printer with paper recycling bins present.
Paperless application process established for announcements and other
documents.
Organized power strips are utilized at every workstation; most were
observed to be easily accessible.
Recommendations
Computers (Also see Energy section for more information regarding
computers)
Power strips should be turned off in the evening.
Set power settings (See attachment “How to Make Your Computer Save
Energy”)
Disable screen savers!
Turn off unattended computer monitors.

21. SCOOP Reporting
Sustainable Consultation Of Office Practices (SCOOP)
Recommendations Report
Date of Consultation: April, 2008
SCOOP would like to thank you for allowing us to assess your current and potential sustainable office practices. We
believe that sustainability is about a healthy environment, smart economics, and cooperative communities. Your
willingness to accept feedback from our team shows that you are committed to making a positive impact within the
CSU, Chico community, which is an important aspect of sustainability on this campus. We hope that this
recommendation report will encourage office practices that will support the health of the environment.
Score
Overall Score: VERY GOOD
Award: Certificate of Participation

22. SCOOP

23. Thank You!
More Energy Audit Resources Available on Project Spaces
Morgan King, Campus Lead
Morgan@seiinc.org
Jackie Mercure, CSU Chico Team Manager
SCOOP Contact Info:
E-mail: scoop@csuchico.edu
www.csuchico.edu/sustainablefuture/scoop