1. Name: ______________________________
PASS OBJECTIVE 5. Earth/ Space Science Notes
Objective 1: Earth has four main systems that interact: the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the biosphere, and
the geosphere.
Composition of the Earth
Earth has four main systems that interact
Earth’s
systems
Atmosphere Hydrosphere Biosphere Geosphere
air life Rocks/land
The Hydrosphere–
 Our Earth is mostly _____________, approximately 70% water
 Water has 3 forms: solid, liquid, and gas
• Name some examples of these forms water can be in on our Earth. Get your answers from the
diagram.
Solid_____________________________________________________________________________
Liquid ___________________________________________________________________________
Gas______________________________________________________________________________
• Most of the Earth is ( salt / fresh ) water.
1. % of freshwater ___________
2. % of saltwater ____________
3. % of ice ______________
• How does the water on our Earth make us different than other planets? ________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
THE ____________ CYCLE-- Water, which covers the majority of the Earth’s surface (the
________________), circulates through the crust, oceans, and atmosphere in what is known as the water
cycle.
• This gives the water its energy to begin the water cycle _____________________________________
• How old is water? __________________________________________________________________
• Evaporation is when the sun heats up water in rivers or lakes or the ocean and turns it into _______
or steam. The water vapor or steam leaves the river, lake or ocean and goes into the air.
• Transpiration is the process by which plants __________ water out of their leaves. Transpiration
gives evaporation a bit of a hand in getting the water vapor back up into the air.
Hydrosphere Notes pg.1

2. • Water vapor in the air gets ___________ and changes back into liquid, forming clouds. This is called
condensation.
• Precipitation occurs when so much water has condensed that the air cannot ________ it anymore.
The clouds get heavy and water falls back to the earth in the form of rain, hail, sleet or snow.
• When water falls back to earth as _________________, it may fall back in the oceans, lakes or rivers
or it may end up on land. When it ends up on land, it will either soak into the earth and become part
of the “ground water” that plants and animals use to drink or it may run over the soil and collect in
the oceans, lakes or rivers where the cycle starts
Use the following words to label the diagram below: Evaporation, Collection, Precipitation,
Condensation. Draw in an example of transpiration and label it as well.
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Describe how the atmosphere and hydrosphere systems are connected.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Hydrosphere Notes pg.2