biobutanol is an advanced biofuel, it has better properties than ethanol and gasoline .it can be transported via existing pipelines and can be used in current engines. ethanol plants can be easily converted to biobutanol plants.
2. CONTENTS
What is a Biofuel ??
Bioethanol
Biodiesel
Introduction to biobutanol
Strains and substrate used and corresponding yields
Genetic engineering in biobutanol production
Bioreactors for biobutanol production
Bioseparation
Biobutanol production and major challenges
Conclusion
Recommendations
Reference
3. What is a BIOFUEL??
Type of energy derived from renewable plant and animal
material
Burns cleanly
Commonly used biofuels:-
Ethanol
Biodiesel
Biobutanol
5. BIOETHANOL
ADVANTAGES
Can be blended with other fossil fuels
Reduces greenhouse gases
Biodegradable
DISADVANTAGES
Needs large amount of land to produce biomass
More than 10% ethanol content is not compatible
6. BIODIESEL
A substitute for diesel fuel
Commonly made from soybeans, based on oil
Used in trucks, diesel cars, etc.
7. BIODIESEL
ADVANTAGES
Performs just like normal diesel
Causes less air pollution and is biodegradable.
Does not contain sulphur
Produces 78% less carbon dioxide than diesel
DISADVANTAGES
More expensive than diesel
Attracts moisture
9. INTRODUCTION TO BIOBUTANOL
Second generation alcoholic fuel
Has higher
> energy density
> polarity
> combustion value
> octane rating
Less corrosive
Less volatile
10. INTRODUCTION TO BIOBUTANOL
Produced by fermentation
Cost depends on the price of feed stock
Cheaper sources are agricultural wastes, cheese whey, etc.
Separation by distillation
12. PROPERTIES OF BIOBUTANOL
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 1-Butanol,Butyl alcohol, Butyl hydroxide,
Methylopropane, propylcarbinol
IUPAC NAME Butan-1-ol
MOLECULAR FORMULA C4H10O
MOLAR MASS 74.122 g / mol
DENSITY 0.8098 g/cm3
VISCOSITY -89.5oC
BOILING POINT 117.7oC
FLASH POINT 35OC
13. ADVANTAGES OF BIOBUTANOL
Can be blended with gasoline in higher amounts
Can be transported via existing infrastructure
Can be produced using same fermentation plants and
same sugar and cellulosic feedstock as ethanol
Has a higher theoretical yield than glucose or other
glucose equivalents
14. ADVANTAGES OF BIOBUTANOL
Enhanced tolerance to water contamination
Better fuel economy due to higher energy density
Oxygenated fuels can reduce HC- and CO-emissions
because of improved combustion efficiency
15. DIFFERENT STRAINS AND SUBSTRATE
USED AND CORRESPONDING YIELDS
MICROORGANISM SUBSTRATE YIELD
C. acetobutylicum Cheese whey 15% for 0.54 h-1
dilution
Cassava bagasse 32% ,76.4 g.l-1
C. beijerinckii Corn Stover 43%,18.04 g.l-1
of total solvent
Glucose 17.54 g.l-1 butanol
16. MICROORGANISMS SUBSTRATE YIELD
C. sporogenes
Rice straw 3.49 g.l-1 butanol,
5.32 g. l -1 total
solvent
C. pasteurianum
Glycerol 8.8 g.l-1
DIFFERENT STRAINS AND SUBSTRATE
USED AND CORRESPONDING YIELDS
18. GENETIC ENGINEERING IN
BIOBUTANOL PRODUCTION
Modified strains
Inserting over expressing genes
Introducing genes of C. acetobutylicum
into E. coli and yeast
19. BIOREACTORS FOR BIOBUTANOL
PRODUCTION
Anaerobic bioreactors.
Operations for production can be accomplished in
> batch
> fed-batch
> continuous modes
Continuous packed bed reactors can be used.
Batch reactor is preferred.
28. CONCLUSION
An advanced biofuel
Has many advantages
Still there are problems to rectify
Commercially produced in Europe and North America
Asia Pacific and rest of the world is still depending on
conventional fossil fuels
29. Energy crisis afflicted country like India can produce biobutanol
commercially
Can be produced from banana peel, bamboo, waste paper,
vegetable skins, etc.
Aerobic fermentation using TU- 103 , a clostridium sp.
RECOMMENDATIONS
30. REFERENCES
1. Luiz J Visioli, Heveline Enzweiler, Raquel C Kuhn, Marcio Schwaab and Marcio
A Mazutti: Recent advances on biobutanol production, 2014; 2:15, 97105-
900.
2. Durre P. Biobutanol: an attractive biofuel. Biotechnol J. 2007;2:1525-34.
3. Kumar M, Gayen K: Developments in biobutanol production: New insights.
Appl Energ 2011, 88:1999–2012.
4. Chen WH, Chen YC, Lin JG: Evaluation of biobutanol production from non-
pretreated rice straw hydrolysate under non-sterile environmental conditions.
Bioresour Technol 2013, 135:262–268.
