Control structers in c

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5. CONTROL STRUCTURES IN C PROGRAM
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6. CONTROL STRUCTURES IN C PROGRAM
• C language possesses such decision making
capabilities and supports the following statements
known as control or decision-making statements.
• There are two types of statements.
• Selection statement.
• Iteration statement.

7. Selection statements
• It provides decision making capability to a
program and they alter normal flow of control
based on their conditions. They are
• If
• if else
• if else if
• switch

8. Iteration statements
• It allows a set of instruction to be executed
repeatedly based on some conditions. They
are
• For loop
• While

10. If statement
• The if statement is a powerful decision
making statement and is used to control the
flow of execution of statements.
• It is basically a two-way decision statement.

11. IF ELSE
The if....else statement is an extension of the simple if
statement. The general form is
if (condition)
{
True-block statement(s)
}
else
{
False-block statement(s)
}

12. IF ELSE
PROGRAM TO KNOW THE NUMER IS POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE
• void main()
{
int numb;
printf ("Type any Number : ");
scanf ("%d", &numb);
if(numb > 0)
{
printf ("%d is the positive number", numb);
}
else
printf ("%d is the Negative number", numb);}

13. IF ELSE IF
• This makes selection from two alternatives.
• If one is selected the other will be skipped.
• But if the first one is not executed the second
one is selected.

14. IF ELSE IF
program to print the character is uppercase or lowercase or special
character
Printf(“enter the character”);
Scanf(“%c”,ch);
If(ch>=‘a’ && ch<=‘z’)
printf(“it is lower case”);
Else If(ch>=‘A’ && ch<=‘Z’);
printf(“it is upper case”);
Else
Printf(“it is special chara”);

15. Switch case
• Often a break statement is used as the last
statement in each case's statement list
• A break statement causes control to transfer
to the end of the switch statement
• If a break statement is not used, the flow of
control will continue into the next case

16. SWITCH
• The general syntax of a switch statement is:
switch ( expression )
{
case value1 :
statement-list1
case value2 :
statement-list2
case value3 :
statement-list3
case ...
}
If expression
matches
value2,
control jumps
to here

17. Sample program for switch
Printf ("enter the game moden");
scanf ("%c“,&n);
switch(n)
{
case '1' :
printf("play game n");
break;
case '2' :
printf("load game n");
break;}

19. while
• The syntax of while statement in C:
while (loop repetition condition)
statement
• Loop repetition condition is the condition which
controls the loop.
• The statement is repeated as long as the loop
repetition condition is true.
• A loop is called an infinite loop if the loop
repetition condition is always true.

20. An Example of a while Loop
Loop repetition condition
Statement
Loop control variable is the variable whose value controls loop repetition.
In this example, count_emp is the loop control variable.
5-20

21. For loop
• The syntax of for statement in C:
for (initialization expression;
loop repetition condition;
update expression)
statement
• The initialization expression set the initial value of the
loop control variable.
• The loop repetition condition test the value of the
loop control variable.
• The update expression update the loop control
variable.

22. An Example of the for Loop
To print the numbers
printf("enter the first number");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("the numbers aren");
{
for(i=n;i<=100;i++)
printf("%d ",&i);}

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