4. The longest coral reef.
Off the east cost of Australia stretching2,000
kilometres the Great barrier reef is the
biggest coral reef in the world. It is also the
largest structure made by any living thing –it
is so big it can be seen from space! Corals
only grow about15 centimeters every year,
so parts of the great barrier reef are
approximately 18 years old.
5. Major threats
•
Major threats to coral reefs and their habitats include:
Destructive fishing practices: These include cyanide fishing, blast or dynamite
fishing, bottom trawling, and muro-ami (banging on the reef with sticks). Bottom-
trawling is one of the greatest threats to cold-water coral reefs.
• Overfishing: This affects the ecological balance of coral reef communities, warping
the food chain and causing effects far beyond the directly overfished population.
• Careless tourism: Careless boating, diving, snorkelling, and fishing happens around
the world, with people touching reefs, stirring up sediment, collecting coral, and
dropping anchors on reefs. Some tourist resorts and infrastructure have been built
directly on top of reefs, and some resorts empty their sewage or other wastes directly
into water surrounding coral reefs.
• Coral mining: Live coral is removed from reefs for use as bricks, road-fill, or cement
for new buildings. Corals are also sold as souvenirs to tourists and to exporters who
don't know or don't care about the longer term damage done, and harvested for the
live rock trade.
6. Coral reefs Sustainably managed.
• Coral Reef Conservation Fund –
• Administered by the National Fish and
• Wildlife Foundation. Builds public private
• partnerships and leveraged
• NOAA’s $4.7 million into more than
• $12 million for 140 projects in 28 countries.