Web 2.0 and pedagogy overview, Wesleyan 2006

1. Web 2.0: Pedagogies…
December, 2006
Wesleyan University

2. Plan of the talk
1. Web 2.0 in late
2006
2. Web 2.0 rich
media
3. Pedagogies
4. Web 2.0
storytelling
(Middlebury waterfall, spring 2006)

3. Thematics
• Emergence in
time and space
• Pedagogy
• Dynamic
information
ecologicy
(Radio Open Source blog/podcast, 2006)

4. One metaphor
Web 2.0 and education is like gaming and
education: awareness is challenging
• Huge, financially and quantitatively
successful worlds
• Global and rapidly developing
• Bad anxieties, policies, and media
coverage
• Perceived lack of seriousness

5. One metaphor
Web 2.0 and education is like gaming and
education: intersections are possible
• Take advantage of preexisting projects
• Mod/warp/hack
• DIY
• Literacy: IF/audience

6. I. Web 2.0
The term: Tim O’Reilly, 2005
• Expands “social software”
• Draws on Web history

7. I. Web 2.0
• Microcontent, rather than sites or large
documents

8. I. Web 2.0
• Multiply authored microcontent, rather
than sites or large documents

9. I. Web 2.0
• Open content
and/or services
and/or standards
(Pepysblog, 2003-)

10. I. Web 2.0
• Network
constructivism
(Pepysblog, 2003-)

11. I. Web 2.0
• Data mashups

12. I. Web 2.0
• O’Reilly: perpetual beta

13. I. Web 2.0
• AJAX-based projects

14. I. Web 2.0
• O’Reilly: platforms for development

15. I. Web 2.0
Web 2.0 components, movements
• Collaborative writing platforms: the wiki way

16. I. Web 2.0
Research: wikis are textually productive
-Viégas, Wattenberg, Dave (IBM, 2004)

17. I. Web 2.0
News-gathering: wikis are textually productive
(OhMyNews! , WikiNews)

18. I. Web 2.0
Web 2.0 components, movements
• collaborative writing platforms: the blogosphere

19. I. Web 2.0
• Addressable content chunks

20. I. Web 2.0
• Distributed,
attached
conversations

21. I. Web 2.0
State of the blogosphere
• 57 million blogs tracked by Technorati:
“As of October 2006, about 100,000 new
weblogs were created each day… the
doubling of the blogosphere has slowed a
bit (every 236 days or so…”
(David Sifry, November 2006)
Chart follows…

22. I. Web 2.0

23. I. Web 2.0
State of the blogosphere, more
• 12 people million using three platforms,
including LiveJournal: majority women
(Anil Dash, MeshForum 2006)
• Diversity: diaries, public intellectuals,
carnivals, knitters, moblogs, warblogs
home and abroad…

24. I. Web 2.0
Web 2.0 components, movements: social
objects
•Photo sharing:
Flickr
http://flickr.com/

25. I. Web 2.0
Reach of Flickr
• 100 million images, as of Feb 2006
• As of October 2006, 4 million Flickr
members (3/4 not in the US)
• 1 million photos uploaded each day
(
http://www.radioopensource.org/photography
)

26. I. Web 2.0
Reach of Flickr
• 26 million
searchable,
shareable images
in Flickr (December
2006)
• Metadata is good
enough
• Gaming inspiration
(Ben Harris-Roxas, 2006)

27. I. Web 2.0
Web 2.0 enables the Web office
• Example: Google Spreadsheets
http://spreadsheets.google.com/

28. I. Web 2.0
What can we learn from this? Ton Zylstra:
“In general you could say that both
Flickr and delicious work in a triangle:
person, picture/bookmark, and tag(s).
Or more abstract a person, an object
of sociality, and some descriptor...”

29. I. Web 2.0
“…In every triangle there always
needs to be a person and an object
of sociality. The third point of the
triangle is free to define[,] as it
were.”
-http://www.zylstra.org, 2006
(emphases added)

30. I. Web 2.0
What can we learn from this?
Jyri Engesrom is succinct:
“The fallacy is to think that social
networks are just made up of people.
They're not; social networks consist of
people who are connected by a
shared object.”
-http://www.zengestrom.com/, 2005

31. I. Web 2.0
Social object principles: tagging
Flickr is one
influential and
leading tagging
project

32. I. Web 2.0
“Home
Owain
Hestia
Chickens
Ripton”

33. I. Web 2.0
Folksonomy
User benefit
• Search
• Retrieval
• Self-awareness
http://del.icio.us/
for DoctorNemo

34. I. Web 2.0
Community surfacing • Concepts
• Ontology • Collaborative research

35. I. Web 2.0
Case study, tagging
museums:
the Steve project

36. I. Web 2.0
Tagging museums: the Steve project
• Expert discourse, controlled vocab

37. I. Web 2.0
Tagging museums:
the Steve project
• Users tag differently
• Curators get it
(Metropolitan Museum
of Art, 2004)

38. I. Web 2.0
Tagging libraries:
PennTags
• Coded locally
• Also tags the
open web
http://tags.library.upenn.edu/

39. I. Web 2.0
Components, movements
• Mixing and mashing:
the RSS feed

40. I. Web 2.0
Social object: the person
• FaceBook
• MySpace
• LinkedIn
• ZoomInfo
• CyWorld
“Less than four years after its launch, 15 million people, or
almost a third of the country's population, are members.”
(BusinessWeek, September 2005)

41. I. Web 2.0
Social news:
• Memeorandum,
Tailrank, Digg,
TechMeme

42. II. Rich media and Web 2.0
Web 2.0
influences rich
media
• Podcasting

43. II. Rich media and Web 2.0
How old is the term?
“With the benefit of hindsight, it all seems
quite obvious. MP3 players, like Apple's
iPod, in many pockets, audio production
software cheap or free, and weblogging
an established part of the internet…”

44. II. Rich media and Web 2.0
How old is the term? “… all the
ingredients are there for a new boom
in amateur radio.
But what to call it? Audioblogging?
Podcasting? GuerillaMedia?”
(Ben Hammersley, The Guardian
February 12, 2004)

45. II. Rich media and Web 2.0
What’s happened since February 2004?

46. II. Rich media and Web 2.0
What’s happened since?
“More than 22 million American adults own
iPods or MP3 players and 29% of them have
downloaded podcasts from the Web so that
they could listen to audio files at a time of
their choosing.”
-Pew Internet and American Life study,
April 2005

47. II. Rich media and Web 2.0
•
What’s happened podsafe
since? • podspamming
Neologisms: • podvertising
• godcasting • porncasting
• nanocasting
• podfading

48. II. Rich media and Web 2.0
Web 2.0 influences rich media: video

49. II. Rich media and Web 2.0
Videoblogging
(vlog?
vog?)
Rocketboom, Amanda Congdon
(already moved on)

50. II. Rich media and Web 2.0
Web 2.0 influences rich media: audio
Freesound archive
•DIY copyright
•Social networking
values
http://freesound.iua.upf.edu/

51. II. Rich media and Web 2.0
Web 2.0 influences rich media: social
gaming and Web 2.0?
(Second Life, 2004-present)

52. III. Pedagogies
Teaching with Web 2.0: it’s not all new
Web 1.0, internet pedagogies
• Hypertext
• Web audience
• Discussion for a
• Collaborative document authoring
• Groupware

53. III. Pedagogies
Teaching with Web 2.0: it’s not all new
Earlier pedagogies
• Journaling
• Media literacy

54. III. Pedagogies
Teaching with Web 2.0: CMS involvement
• Moodle modules

55. III. Pedagogies
Teaching with Web 2.0: Blackboard
Beyond
“Chief Executive Officer Michael Chasen...
explained, "Just as the Web 2.0 is facilitating
a change in the way people interact online,
e-Learning 2.0 represents a transformational
shift for how the Internet can improve
education. Blackboard is excited to work
with our clients to help shape and accelerate
this transformation.“”

56. III. Pedagogies
Teaching with Web 2.0: Blackboard
Beyond
(Kevin Creamer, March 10 2006)

57. III. Pedagogies
Teaching with Web 2.0: principles
• Distributed
conversation
• Collaborative
writing
• Object-oriented
discussion
http://smarthistory.blogspot.com/

58. III. Pedagogies
Teaching with Web 2.0: more
principles
• Ease of entry
• Personalization

59. III. Pedagogies
Teaching with Web 2.0: “net.gen”:
“Fully half of all teens and 57 percent of
teens who use the Internet could be
considered Content Creators, according to
a survey by the Pew Internet & American
Life Project.”
http://www.pewtrusts.com/pdf/PIP_Teens_1105.pdf

60. III. Pedagogies
Teaching with Web 2.0: “net.gen”:
• “33 percent of online teens share their
own creative content online, such as
artwork, photos, stories or videos.
• 32 percent say that they have created or
worked on webpages or blogs for others,
including groups they belong to, friends or
school assignments.”
http://www.pewtrusts.com/pdf/PIP_Teens_1105.pdf

61. III. Pedagogies
Teaching with Web 2.0: “net.gen”:
• “22 percent report keeping their own
personal webpage.
• 19 percent of online teens keep a blog,
and 38 percent of online teens read blogs.
• 19 percent of Internet-using teens say
they remix content they find online into
their own artistic creations.”
http://www.pewtrusts.com/pdf/PIP_Teens_1105.pdf

62. III. Pedagogies
Teaching with Web 2.0: “net.gen”:
“Teens are often much more enthusiastic
authors and readers of blogs than their
adult counterparts. Teen bloggers, led by
older girls, are a major part of this tech-
savvy cohort.”
(Pew Internet and American Life,
November 2005)
http://www.pewtrusts.com/pdf/PIP_Teens_1105.pdf

63. III. Pedagogies
Teaching with Web 2.0: blogging
• Distributed
conversation
• Collaborative
writing
• Object-oriented
discussion

64. III. Pedagogies
University of British Columbia uses:
• “as personal logs/ journals to keep track of
work/learning activities”
•as digital photo
albums
•as potential e-
portfolio tools…”

65. III. Pedagogies
“…Currently, UBC is using weblogs…:
• as course web pages, encouraging discussion
and collaboration
• as private management and communication tools for
large campus groups, administrative teams, and
communities of practice
• to easily update online newsletters
• to keep a collection of useful, searchable links”
(http://weblogs.elearning.ubc.ca/home/about.php)

66. III. Pedagogies
Blog problem: privacy
• Contrary to class safe space (Gary Kornblith)
• Culture of too much disclosure
• Problem increasing archivally
Some responses
• Can block comments and/or readers
• Teachable moment: what is privacy in 2007?
• Complement other practices

67. III. Pedagogies
Wiki pedagogies
• Collective research
• Group writing
• Document editing
• Information literacy
• Discussion
• Knowledge accretion

68. III. Pedagogies
Social object pedagogies
• Prompts
• Discussion object
• Composition materials

69. III. Pedagogies
Social object pedagogies
• Annotate details
• Remix (“Make it mine”)
Edugadget
http://www.edugadget.com/2005/05/07/flickr-creative-commons

70. III. Pedagogies
RSS pedagogies
• Shaping Web reading
• Pushing student-created content (mother
blog, Feed to Javascript)
• Web 2.0 wrangling

71. III. Pedagogies
• Learning objects:
Podcasts and teaching:
profcasting Gardner Campbell,
University of
• Bryn Mawr College:
Richmond
Michelle Francl,
• Duke: Course
chemistry
content
• Duke: Classroom
dissemination
recording
• Information literacy

72. III. Pedagogies
• Trudi Abel, “Digital
Podcasts and
Durham and the
research
New South” (Duke
• Public intellectual University, 2006)
– Out of the Past
• Duke: Field
– Engines of Our
recording
Ingenuity
– Napoleon 101
– In Our Time

73. III. Pedagogies
• Trudi Abel, “Digital
Podcasts and
Durham and the
research
New South” (Duke
• Public intellectual University, 2006)
– Out of the Past
• Duke: Field
– Engines of Our
recording
Ingenuity
– Napoleon 101
– In Our Time

74. IV. Web 2.0 storytelling
Web 2.0 storytelling
• Nonfiction (Pulse)
• Fiction (“I Found a
Camera…”)
• ARGs
• Public intellectuals

75. IV. Web 2.0 storytelling
Lonelygirl15
• One YouTube
• Another YouTube
• Myspace
• Blogs
• Discussion frenzy
• Media attention
(2006-)

76. IV. Web 2.0 storytelling
Flickr and
storytelling
• Tell a story in 5
frames group
“Gender Miscommunication”
(Nightingai1e, 2006)

77. IV. Web 2.0 storytelling

78. IV. Web 2.0 storytelling

79. IV. Web 2.0 storytelling

80. IV. Web 2.0 storytelling
“Gender Miscommunication” (Nightingai1e, 2006)

81. IV. Web 2.0 storytelling
Flickr and
storytelling
• In the Tell a
story in 5
frames
group,
'Alone With
The Sand'
(moliere1331, 2005)

82. National Institute for Technology and
Liberal Education http://nitle.org
NITLE blog http://b2e.nitle.org
NITLE Lab http://
nitle.org/index.php/nitle/laboratory