The Global Futures and Strategic Foresight (GFSF) team met in Rome from May 25-28, 2015 to review progress towards current work plans, discuss model improvements and technical parameters, and consider possible contributions by the GFSF program to the CRP Phase II planning process. All 15 CGIAR Centers were represented at the meeting.

1. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
Center Progress Report
IRRI
Tri Setiyono
Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy

2. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
GSFS IRRI Team
• MVR Murty (Crop Modeler)
• Andy Nelson (Geographer)
• Sam Mohanty (Economist)*
• Tao Li (Crop Modeler)
• Tri Setiyono (Crop Modeler)**
* Activity leader/ principal investigator
** Operational leader (starting in 2015)

3. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
Baseline Data: Rice Area Extent

4. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
Baseline Data: Rice Crop Calendar
PLANT_PK2
0 - 76
77 - 236
237 - 365

5. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
Baseline Data: Rice Crop Intensity
NUM_CROP
1
2
3

6. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
Baseline Data: Agro-Climate Zone

7. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
C4 Rice
• In search of a novel solution for increasing global rice
supply*, IRRI is developing C4 Rice.
• Rice is naturally a C3 species with relatively lower
photosynthesis (PS) efficiency as compared to C4
species such as maize.
• C4 species compartmentalizes CO2 fixation and
processing in two different cells in order to avoid
wasteful binding of O2 on the Rubisco enzyme
*more than 100 million tons of additional rice is required by the year
2035 to meet the increased demand for rice

8. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
C4 rice module
Yin & Struik, 2009
C4 routine was adapted
from GECROS model
Furbank & Taylor, 1995

9. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
ORYZA C4 Rice Module
• C4 Photosynthesis with Farquhar approach
• Energy balance for transpiration and gas exchange
• N driven partitioning
• Non-linear phenology-temperature function
• N driven leaf and root senescence

10. C4 rice module vs. C3
Yin & Struik, 2009
Use all crop parameters of C3 rice;
C4 special parameters borrowed from sorghum
Transplanting system, same field management
Nitrogen supply limited in the same level
Potential water supply
No light competition yet
No pest & disease impact
67% increase in yield
50% increase in
Total above ground
biomass

11. C4 Rice

12. C4 Rice

13. • Submergence tolerant rice containing sub1 gene can
tolerate transient flash flood (1-2 weeks), whereas
rice varieties without sub1 gene can experience
severe yield loss under such condition.
+Sub1-Sub1
Swarna
Swarna-Sub1
Re-transplated local variety
Submergence Tolerant Rice

14. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
Submergence Tolerant Rice
• Submergence sub-routine in ORYZA model is under
development with initial tests showing promising
results
• Field experiments were conducted to support model
development
• The mechanistic process will allow precise
quantification of yield loss considering interaction
between variety characteristics and duration of
flooding.

15. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
Upcoming Activities
• Incorporation of C4 module into DSSAT
• Finalizing C4 simulation results
• Continue development of submergence module
(target completion, 2016)
• Simulation of multiple abiotic stress such as
submergence, drought, and salinity (target
completion, 2016)

16. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
Abiotic Stress: Drought
Low
High

17. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
Abiotic Stress: Submergence
Low
High

18. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
Abiotic Stress: Salinity
Low
High

19. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
Poverty
Low
High

20. Global Futures & Strategic Foresight Extended Team Meeting
25-28 May 2015, Rome, Italy
Thank You
t.setiyono@irri.org