3. The auxiliaries for simple present with verb “to
be”are: (am/is/are)
• I am: yo soy, yo estoy
• He is: él es, él está
• She is: ella es, ella está
• It is: esto es, esto está
• You are: tú eres, tú estás
• We are: nosotros somos, nosotros estamos
• They are: ellos son, ellos están
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4. PARA LEER
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How to turn the simple present affirmative with verb “to
be” into negative and interrogative phrases?
• Simple present structure
• (+) S + V + C
• (-) S + V + NOT + C
• (?) V + S + C + ?
• S= subject
• V=verb (am, is, are)
• C= complement
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Example:
• It is incredible
• It is not incredible
• Is it incredible?
• Contractions of simple present
• I am= I´m
• He is= he´s
• She is= she´s
• It is= it´s
• You are= you´re
• We are= we´re
• They are= they´re
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Negative contractions
• Is not= isn´t
• Are not= aren´t
• then, let´s see how it changes the phrases, but not
the meaning
• It is incredible (it´s incredible)
• It is not incredible (it´s not incredible, it isn´t
incredible)
• Is it incredible? (you can´t make make contractions
in interrogative phrases)
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Negative contractions
• Is not= isn´t
• Are not= aren´t
• Then, let´s see how it changes the phrases, but not the
meaning
• It is incredible (it´s incredible)
• It is not incredible (it´s not incredible, it isn´t incredible)
• Is it incredible? (you can´t make make contractions in
interrogative phrases)
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Exercises.
• Make the contractions of the below phrases and turn them
into negative and into interrogative.
• 1. she is so cruel
• 2. you are my inspiration
• 3. we are good Friends
• 4. Carl and Hegel are mind destroyers
• 5. he´s my roomate
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Simple present
• The first thing to learn about the simple present is to learn
about the third person.
• The third peson is composed by three pronoums, (he/she/it)
• Why is so important the third person?
• Because when you say a sentence in simple present
affirmative using the third peson, you have to apply the
rule for plural words
• It means, when you turn a singular Word into a plural
Word, you know when you have to add s, es, delete y and
put ies. Then this also occurs for simple present affirmative
in third person.
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• Josh study medicine (incorrect)
• Josh studies medicine (correct)
• Diana live in France (incorrect)
• Diana lives in France (correct)
• She teach how to skate on ice (incorrect)
• She teaches how to skate on ice (correct)
Examples
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Exercise
• Julio _________ (love) Manowar
• Mary __________ (hate) you
• You ___________ (enjoy) what you do
• He _____________ (cry) when he´s alone
• Jim and Lita__________ (live) together
• Michael __________(sing) in a band
• He ___________ (be) great
• She ___________ (prefer) the old music
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The auxiliary for simple present is
(do/does)
• Do/does is used for negative and interrogative phrases
• I=do
• He=does
• She=does
• It=does
• you=do
• We=do
• They=do
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Turning affirmative phrases into negative and
into interrogative.
• Structure
• (+) subject + Verb + Complement
• (-) Subject + don´t/doesn´t + verb + Complement
• (?) Do/Does + Subject + Verb + Complement + ?
• She feels tired
• She doesn´t feel tired
• Does she feel tired?
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Turn these phrases into negative and into
interrogative
• Ronnie sings Rock
• James plays soccer
• You need a chance
• They avoid discussions
• We approve your commitment
• Jason drives very slow
• George watches televison
• Lucy loves guitar solo
