2. • A row of houses, or the part of a town, that is next to a river.
• The land or property alongside a river.
• A riverfront is a region along a river; often in larger cities that border a river,the
riverfront will be lined with marinas, docks, parks, trees, or minor attractions. Today
many riverfronts are a staple of modernism and city beautification.
DEFINITIONS OF WATER EDGES STRUCTURE
3. RIVER FRONT DEVELOPMENT
• Waterfront development refers to any development in front of water and a water
body; a river, lake, ocean, bay, creek or canal. In the development area,
considered that a waterfront development may not necessarily need to be directly
fronting water but may only need to look attached to the water.
• A more detailed defnition described the waterfront as the interface point where
land and water meet, between approximately 200 to 300 meters from the water
line and 1 to 2 km to the land site and also takes in land within 20 minutes
walking distance.
4. TYPES OF WATERFRONTS
• The Natural Waterfront, comprising beaches, wetlands, wildlife habitats, sensitive
ecosystems and the water itself.
• The Public Waterfront, including parks, esplanades, piers, street ends, vistasand
waterways that offer public open spaces and waterfront views.
5. TYPES OF WATERFRONTS
• The Working Waterfront, where water dependent, maritime and industrial uses
cluster or where various transportation and municipal facilities are dispersed.
• The Redeveloping Waterfront, where land uses have recently changed or where
vacant and underutilized properties suggest potential for beneficial change.
6. • Rivers and stream are dynamic entities with boundaries, such as bed and banks, which are
subject to erosion and deposition.
• Artificial channels are often constructed using erodible materials such as existing ground or
compacted earth fill.
• In both case there is a need for works to stabilize the bed banks so that the channel does not
migrate and cause damage to adjacent infrastructure.
Protection of structure.
• In the vicinity of structures, such as bridges, locks and weirs, where flow velocities and
turbulence are often higher, and erosion of the channel could threaten the safety or integrity
of the structure.
• Along a channel where the natural material of the bed and banks could be subject to erosion
and where such erosion is unacceptable, for example, where the river or canal runs close to a
road or other type of infrastructure.
7. Technical Issues
• Environmental and Social factors
• Ground condition
• Structural response
• Geotechnical stability
• Construction issues that may influence the design
• Maintenance issues
• Material availability
10. Flood Protection
• Revetment Wall
• Revetments are suitable in many situations where the riverbank is to be protected in
its existing position, with little work needed to reform or re-shape the bank line or
profile.
11. Sand bags
• Some times Sand bags are also uses
foe stop land expansion on river side.
12. Steps walls
• Step type retain wall is constructs for stop
the load of water affect on adjacent land.
13. Cofferdam
• Series of steel plates are also used to
retain load of water.
• Stone blocks are use for provide more
stability to structure.
14. Materials
• Armourstone is a widely used
material for river training
structures, most commonly as an
armour layer in revetment
systems.
• Crushed rock can be used as an
underlayer or filter layer, and
stones that are too small for
armourstone or rip-rap can be
used effectively in gabions and
gabion mattresses.
15. • Armourstone is used in river works for
three main reasons
• It is a durable engineering material ,
ideally suited to river training works.
• It often provides the most
economically viable solution,
especially if available from a source
local to the site.
• It is more environmentally acceptable
compared with other materials such as
concrete , wood or steel.
16. • Ghats punctuate the lower-level river promenade at planned intervals to provide access to the
water. These have been designed at strategic locations to enable continuation of cultural
activities alongthe water.
GHATS
18. TECHNIQUES OF CONSTRUCTION
• These structures rested on piles of brick masonry.
• A tradition probably brought to India by the Mughals and used for the foundations of
the ghats and palaces of Banaras.
• Another current way to imagine old ghat foundations are by comparing them to those
found in other cities.
• In Vrindavan, where the water of the river has reduced to a considerable length, ghat
steps do not descend to the water’s edge and foundation piles are exposed, enabling
one to have an idea about the dimensions and forms of the ones in Benares
19. • Today, many of the new ghats being constructed or the old ones getting
repaired use five meters high RCC piles placed every two meters.
• To further protect these piles from the water currents, huge boulders are
heaped up in front.
• On the other side, a mixture of sand, broken stone and cement cover the
surface of the bank on which stone steps are arranged.
• This kind of intervention is implemented
to reduce expenses while at the same
time insuring the protection of the ghats.
Instead of stone, brick is used on the
surface.
• Wooden piles were rarely used as timber
was scarce and was prone to rot. Instead
cylinders of brick masonry were used,
three to twelve feet in diameter, sunk to
firm stratum and safe from river
erosions.
20. • Before the beginning of the
18th century Varanasi had
an extensive system of
underground drains meant
primarily for carrying rain-
water.
• Stone steps or ghat like structures are common today for the more important,
however less known banks are often reduced to just a sheer expanse of step retaining
walls, now and then broken up into terraces.
• These were large drains unsuitable for the flow of sewage as they were rectangular in
shape with irregular gradients. Made of brick and rough stone.
25. • Sabarmati Riverfront is a waterfront being
developed along the banks of Sabarmati river
in Ahmedabad, India.
• Proposed in 1960s, the construction began in
2005. Since 2012, the waterfront is gradually
opened to public as and when facilities are
constructed and various facilities are actively
under construction.
• The major objectives of project are
environment improvement, social
infrastructure and sustainable development.
Sabarmati river and under
construction promenade
26. • Riverbanks of the
Sabarmati before
the project
• Riverbanks of the
Sabarmati after
the project
27. LOWER-LEVEL PROMENADE
• The lower-level promenade is built just above the water level to serve pedestrians and cyclists
solely and to provide access to the water.
28. • The upper level promenade shall host a variety of public features at the citylevel.
UPPER LEVELPROMINADE
29. The width of the promenade varies from 6-18m. Facilities
provided at the River Promenade include:
• Access points from the city level via staircasesand
ramps at regular intervals.
• Lifts or elevators to make lower-level promenade
accessible for people with disabilities.
• Concrete paved fooring which can support walking,
jogging and cycling.
• Continuous seating arrangement at the river’sedge
along with protective railing.
• Platforms at regular intervals for regulatedand
organized vending activities.
30. BOATING STATIONS
• Boating Stations have been provided at the lower-level River Promenade to enable recreational
boating in the river as well as a water-based mode of public transport in the future. Three boating
stations have been completed so far. First station is located on the eastern bank near Subhash
Bridge. The other two stations are located downstream on the western bank, near Nehru Bridge
and Sardar Bridge, respectively.
31. RIVERFRONT PARK: SUBHASH BRIDGE
• The park is envisaged as an extension of Gandhiji’s SabarmatiAshram, across the river, providing a
serene and contemplative backdrop to the Ashram and maximising this vista. Simultaneously, it will
serve as a much needed park for Shahibaug-Dudheshwar neighbourhoods. The park has been
designed to meet the needs of a diverse range of people.
32. PLAZA: GANDHI ASHRAM
• Owing to its significance as a national heritage site, Gandhi Ashram is the only property that
opensup directly onto the river. The series of wide steps that presently lead down from the
Ashram, connect to the lower level-River Promenade. This space is envisioned as a multi-
functional public space. The visualizations show the transformation of the space into an
amphitheatre, where the existing steps serve as seating.
33. This road is use for different types of
activity at different time.
Like vehicular movement pedestrian
movement.
Lots of people roaming around the
sea during evening time.
Marine Drive
(Mumbai)
