Positive thinking leads to happiness

1. POSITIVE THINKING
Dr K M SONI, CHIEF ENGINEER, WZ-I,
MUMBAI

2. THINKING
• THINKING IS THE MENTAL PROCESS
• THINKING MAY BE MANIPULATIVE
INFORMATION
• THINKING IS A CONTINUOUS PROCESS
• THINKING PRODUCES THOUGHTS
• THINKING HELPS TO TAKE DECISIONS
• THOUGHTS MAY BE IMPLEMENTABLE AND ALSO
NON-IMPLEMENTABLE. NON-IMPLEMENTABLE
THOUGHTS ARE NORMALLY MORE THAN
IMPLEMENTABLE
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3. • THINKING IS THUS FROM MENTAL
FORMS, AND PROCESSES AND INVOLVES
THE MENTAL MANIPULATION OF
INFORMATION AS AND WHEN WE
FORM CONCEPTS, ENGAGE IN PROBLEM
SOLVING, REASON AND MAKE
DECISION.
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4. THINKING
• THINKING MAY BE ABOUT ANYTHING, ASSOCITAED
OR MAY NOT BE ASSOCIATED WITH THE THINKER AT
ALL.
• THINKING MAY BE ABOUT A PERSON, ANIMAL, BIRD,
LIVING OR NON LIVING BODY, INCIDENT, ARTICLE,
MATERIAL, LANGUAGE, RELIGION, UNIVERSE, OR
EVEN IMAGINARY AND NON EXISTING ONES.
• THINKING MAY BE FOR SELF ALSO.
• THINKING MAY BE ON THOUGHT ITSELF.
THUS THINKING MAY BE ABOUT ANYTHING AND
EVERYTHING.
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5. THINKING MAY BE CONVERGENT
THINKING OR DIVERGENT THINKING
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6. SOMETIMES THINKING IS ALSO
CLASSIFIED AS CREATIVE, CRITICAL,
DIVERGENT, CONVERGENT AND
INDUCTIVE THINKING
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7. • CREATIVE THINKING: (CONVERGENT THINKING). IT
ASSESSES THE WORTH AND VALIDITY OF SOMETHING
EXISTENT INVOLVING PRECISE, PERSISTENT, OBJECTIVE
ANALYSIS.
• CRITICAL THINKING: (DIVERGENT THINKING). IT
GENERATES SOMETHING NEW OR DIFFERENT. IT INVOLVES
HAVING A DIFFERENT IDEA THAT WORKS AS WELL OR
BETTER THAN PREVIOUS IDEAS.
• CONVERGENT THINKING: THIS TYPE OF THINKING IS
COGNITIVE PROCESSING OF INFORMATION AROUND A
COMMON POINT, AN ATTEMPT TO BRING THOUGHTS
FROM DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS INTO A UNION OR
COMMON CONCLUSION.
• DIVERGENT THINKING: THIS TYPE OF THINKING STARTS
FROM A COMMON POINT AND MOVES OUTWARD INTO A
VARIETY OF PERSPECTIVES.
• INDUCTIVE THINKING: THIS IS THE PROCESS OF
REASONING FROM PARTS TO THE WHOLE, FROM
EXAMPLES TO GENERALIZATIONS.
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8. TYPE OF THINKING BASED ON
IDEAS
• AUTISTIC THINKING: PREOCCUPATION WITH
INNER THOUGHTS, DAY DREAMS, FANTASIES,
PRIVATE LOGICS, EGOCENTRIC, SUBJECTIVE
THINKING LACKING OBJECTIVITY AND
CONNECTION WITH EXTERNAL REALITY.
• REALISTIC THINKING: CONTROLLED,
CONSTRUCTIVE, DIRECTIVE, REALISTIC AND
FACTUAL BASED THINKING.
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9. • NARRATIVE OR LINEAR THINKING (STORY
TELLER) – DISTINCT START, MIDDLE AND END.
• VISUALLY THINKING (THROUGH VISUALS)
• SYSTEM ORIENTED THINKING OR STRATEGIC
THINKING (THROUGH FLOWCHARTS AND
DIAGRAMS)
• ASSOCIATIVE THINKING (METAPHOR OR
PROXY) – CHAOTIC AND DIGRESSIVE IDEAS
• LOGICAL THINKING (SERIES OF CHOICES)
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10. • ORGANIZER’S THINKING (COMPLEX
PROBLEMS INTO SIMPLE LISTING)
• ARCHITECTURAL THINKING (ARRANGING
INTO HIERARCHY)
• INTUITIVE THINKING (ROUGH IDEA TO FEEL
RIGHT THINKING)
• LEADERSHIP THINKING (GOAL ORIENTED
THINKING)
• VISIONARY THINKING (IMAGINARY
THINKING)
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11. AUTISTIC THINKING
• THIS IS OTHERWISE CALLED FREE-FLOATING
THINKING. THIS IS MORE COMMON AMONG
CHILDREN. IT IS AWAY FROM REALITY. THERE
ARE NO RESTRICTIONS OF REALITY OR OF TIME
AND SPACE. IT IS NOT GOAL ORIENTED OR
PROBLEM ORIENTED.
• GENERALLY SUCH THINKING WILL BE HIGHLY
PRIVATE AND THE INDIVIDUAL MAY USE
SYMBOLS WITH VERY PERSONAL MEANINGS.
INDIVIDUAL’S PERSONAL WANTS ARE INVOLVED
IN THIS KIND OF THINKING AND HE TRIES TO
FULFIL THEM.
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12. FORMS OF AUTISTIC THINKING
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13. FANTASY
• ALSO CALLED DAY DREAMING, I.E. DREAMING IN AN
AWAKEN STATE. IT IS LIKE BUILDING CASTLES IN THE AIR.
IN SUCH DREAMING WE IMAGINE THINGS OR SITUATIONS
AS WE WANT, NOT AS THEY ARE. THAT IS HOW ONE IS
ABLE TO FULFIL THOSE WANTS WHICH CANNOT BE
FULFILLED IN REALITY.
• EVEN THE IMPOSSIBLE THINGS BECOME POSSIBLE. FOR
EXAMPLE, A CATTLE BOY GRAZING CATTLE IN A FIELD MAY
DREAM AS THOUGH HE IS TRAVELLING IN AN AERO
PLANE. A YOUNG ADULT MAY DREAM TO BECOME A
FAMOUS HERO, ETC.
• THE INDIVIDUAL MAY FIND SOME PLEASURE OR RELIEF
FROM TENSION TEMPORARILY BY FANTASY. BUT TOO
MUCH OF DAY DREAMING MAY MAKE HIM INCAPABLE OF
FACING REALITY.
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14. DREAMING
SIGMUND FREUD HAS STATED THAT THE
DREAMS ARE WISH FULFILMENTS. OUR
DESIRES WHICH ARE NOT FULFILLED IN
REALITY APPEAR IN THE FORM OF DREAMS
AND GET FULFILLED. THERE ARE NO
RESTRICTIONS FOR IDEAS APPEARING IN THE
DREAMS. THEY MAY APPEAR DIRECTLY OR IN
DISGUISE FORM
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15. IMAGINATION
IMAGINATION IS A MENTAL ACTIVITY IN
WHICH WE MAKE USE OF IMAGES. IN THE
PROCESS OF IMAGINATION WE WILL NOT BE
HAVING SENSE PERCEPTION. WE WILL NOT
BE IN TOUCH WITH REALITY; WE WILL HAVE
ONLY MENTAL IMAGES. HENCE, WE MAY GO
WRONG IN OUR THINKING
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16. REVERIE
THIS IS ALSO LIKE FANTASY. IN FANTASY WE
WILL HAVE SOME IDEAS AND GOALS, BUT IN
REVERIE, THERE WILL BE NO IDEAS AT ALL.
MIND WILL BE FLOATING FREELY AND ANY
AND EVERYTHING MAY COME TO MIND AND
GO AWAY
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17. CONTROLLED THINKING
IT IS OTHERWISE CALLED DIRECTED
THINKING. IT IS AIMED AT SOLVING
PROBLEMS OR CREATING SOMETHING NEW.
HERE WE REGULATE THE PROCESS OF
THINKING. OUR THOUGHTS WILL BE IN
TOUCH WITH REALITY AND THE THINKING
WILL BE GOAL DIRECTED
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18. FORMS OF CONTROLLED THINKING
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19. REASONING
THIS IS ALSO A KIND OF THINKING. IT IS
DEFINED AS A “PROCESS OF ARRIVING AT A
NEW JUDGEMENT ON THE BASIS OF ONE OR
MORE JUDGMENTS AS PREMISES”. IN
REASONING THERE WILL BE CHECKING AND
RECHECKING OF THE CONCLUSIONS ARRIVED
AT, BASED ON CERTAIN FACTS OR DATA
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20. TYPES OF REASONING
• INDUCTIVE REASONING: IN THIS KIND OF REASONING THERE IS A
SHIFT FROM INDIVIDUAL TO THE UNIVERSAL; IN THE SENSE THAT,
GENERALIZATION IS MADE ON THE BASIS OF A SERIES OF
INDIVIDUAL EXPERIENCES REGARDING A PARTICULAR THING. SO
THE CONCLUSION DRAWN IS WIDER THAN PREMISES. FOR
EXAMPLE, WE ARRIVE AT A CONCLUSION THAT ALL POLITICIANS
ARE SELFISH AFTER SEEING MANY POLITICIANS
• DEDUCTIVE REASONING: IN DEDUCTIVE REASONING WE SHIFT
FROM UNIVERSAL TO THE PARTICULAR AND THE CONCLUSION
DRAWN IS NARROWER THAN THE PREMISES. FOR EXAMPLE, ALL
ACTRESSES ARE BEAUTIFUL. SO THE ACTRESS THAT I SEE ALSO
MUST BE BEAUTIFUL
• GENERALLY IN REASONING LOGICAL PRINCIPLES ARE APPLIED TO
OUR THINKING. IT WILL BE MOST DIRECTED TOWARDS GETTING
AT CERTAIN CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES
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21. PROBLEM SOLVING
• A PROBLEM IS ANY CONFLICT OR DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN ONE SITUATION AND ANOTHER SITUATION
WE WISH TO PRODUCE OUR GOAL. THE THINKING
THAT WE DO IN PROBLEM SOLVING IS THUS GOAL
DIRECTED AND MOTIVATED BY THE NEED TO REDUCE
THE DISCREPANCY BETWEEN ONE STATE OF AFFAIR
AND ANOTHER. IN TRYING TO REACH THE GOAL OF
PROBLEM SOLUTION, WE USE INFORMATION
AVAILABLE TO US FROM LONG-TERM MEMORY
• PROBLEM SOLVING CAN BE DONE BY TRIAL AND
ERROR OR BY INSIGHT
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22. OVERALL THINKING/THOUGHTS
MAY BE
NEGATIVE OR POSITIVE
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23. WHY NEGATIVE THINKING?
• EVERYONE HAS OWN THINKING
• UNIVERSE HAS ITS OWN RULES
• WE BY NATURE MAY LIKE TO HAVE
COMFORTS
• WE BY NATURE LIKE TO HAPPEN INCIDENTS
ACCORDING TO OUR WISHES
• AND IT CANNOT HAPPEN SO NEGATIVE
THINKING STARTS
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24. WHY MORE NEGATIVE THINKING?
• NEGATIVE THINKING
– IS EASY AND MORE PREVALENT
– JUST REMEMBER AND IT COMES UNINVITED
– IT COMES EFFORTLESSLY
– IT HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH STATUS, MONEY
AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
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25. THINKING AND THOUGHTS
• THINKING IS A CONTINUOUS PROCESS.
• CONTINUOUS THINKING ON “SOMETHING”
STARTS TAKING SHAPE OF THOUGHTS.
• MOST OF THE THOUGHTS WHICH ARE NOT PART
OF CONTINUOUS THINKING PROCESS ARE LOST
OR FORGOTTEN.
• BUT EVEN SUCH THOUGHTS AFFECT TO YOUR
THINKING AND THOUGHT PROCESS.
• CONTINUOUS THINKING TAKES THE SHAPE OF
THOUGHTS
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26. SOURCES OF THOUGHTS
• SOURCES OF THOUGHTS MAY BE ANYTHING AND EVERYTHING
SUCH AS;
– BOOKS
– TV/NEWS
– NEWSPAPERS
– PARENTS
– TEACHERS
– REFORMERS
– NATURE
– SAINTS
– MEN/WOMEN/CHILDREN
– ANIMALS/BIRDS
– MONEY/BENEFITS/GREED/LOVE/HATE
– AND SO ON
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27. THOUGHT PROCESS
• LIKE THINKING, THOUGHT PROCESS IS ALSO
A CONTINUOUS PROCESS
• INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
BOTH AFFECT THOUGHT PROCESS. INTERNAL
ENVIRONMENT IS THE ENVIRONMENT
AROUND A PERSON IN WHICH ONE LIVES OR
WORKS WHILE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT IS
THE ONE IN WHICH ONE DOES NOT LIVE BUT
GETS ITS KNOWLEDGE
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28. REINFORCEMNT OF THOUGHTS
• REINFORCEMENT OF THOUGHTS TAKES
PLACE DURING THOUGHT PROCESS
PARTICULARLY FROM INTERNAL
ENVIRONMENT AND MAY GET REINFORCED
EVEN FROM EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
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29. CLASSIFICATION OF THOUGHTS
THOUGHTS MAY BE;
• CREATIVE THOUGHTS
• DECISION MAKING THOUGHTS
• ERRONEOUS THOUGHTS
• EMOTIONAL THOUGHTS
• PROBLEM SOLVING THOUGHTS
• REASONING THOUGHTS
• MACHINE THOUGHTS
• ORGANISATIONAL THOUGHTS
• ---
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30. FACTORS AFFECTING THINKING AND
THOUGHTS
• ATTITUDE
• COMMON SENSE
• EXPERIENCE
• INSTINCT
• INTELLIGENCE
• MINDSET
• WISDOM
• EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
• STAGE OF HEALTH
• COMPANIONS
• COGNITIVE STYLE
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31. TYPES OF THOUGHTS
• NEGATIVE THOUGHTS
• ANIMAL THOUGHTS
• POSITIVE THOUGHTS
• HUMAN THOUGHTS
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32. NEGATIVE THOUGHTS
• ONE MAY NOT LIKE TO GO SCHOOL AND SO A
NEGATIVE THOUGHT MAY COME TO A
CHILD’S MIND TO TELL PARENTS THAT HE OR
SHE HAS HEADACHE.
• ONE MAY LIKE TO TAKE LEAVE FROM OFFICE
AND A NEGATIVE THOUGHT MAY COME IN
HIS MIND THAT HIS BOSS MAY NOT ALLOW
IT.
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33. NEGATIVE THOUGHTS
• NEGATIVE THOUGHTS ARE PART OF LIFE
• THERE MAY BE MANY NEGATIVE THOUGHTS, MANY
TIMES NEGATIVITY OF POSITIVE THOUGHTS
• SINCE NEGATIVE THOUGHTS REQUIRE MORE
JUSTIFICATION AND EFFORTS TO CONVINCE OTHER (S)
OR ONESELF, THESE GO ON OCCUPYING MIND FOR
LONG PERIOD
• MOST OF THE NEGATIVE THOUGHTS ARE AWAY FROM
THE TRUTH OR TRADITIONS, PHILOSOPHY, CUSTOMS
HENCE THEY REQUIRE EXTRA EFFORTS AND ENERGY
IN JUSTIFICATION
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34. NEGATIVE THOUGHTS
• NEGATIVE THOUGHTS START FROM OUR OWN
CIRCLES
• FIRST TARGET OF NEGATIVE THOUGHTS MAY BE
OUR OWN FAMILY MEMBERS, RELATIVES,
FRIENDS, EVEN CHILDREN AND PARENTS. THUS
NEGATIVE THOUGHTS START FROM KNOWN
MEMBERS IN CONTACT
• WHEN NEGATIVE THOUGHTS BECOME STRONG,
TARGET GROUP MAY EXTEND AND INCLUDE
SOCIETY AND UNKNOWNS
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35. WHY NEGATIVE THOUGHTS?
NEGATIVE THOUGHTS MAY BE DUE TO
• FEAR
• UNCERTAINTY
• STRESS
• OVERCONFIDENCE
• LACK OF CONFIDENCE
• LACK OF FAR SIGHTEDNESS
• JEALOUS BEHAVIOUR
• INFERIORITY COMPLEX
• SUPERIORITY COMPLEX
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36. EFFECTS OF NEGATIVE THOUGHTS
• ENERGY IS WASTED RATHER DRAINED OUT
• CREATES HABIT OF JUSTIFYING UNTRUTH
• CREATES NATURE OF ARGUMENTS, HATRED AND
QUARREL
• PRODUCES ANGER, DESIRES, GREED, EGO ETC
• PRODUCES CONFUSION AND FRUSTATION
• PRODUCES JEALOUSY AND STRESS
• DETERIORATION OF HEALTH
• AND OTHER SIMILAR EFFECTS
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37. NEGATIVE THOUGHTS
• NEGATIVE THOUGHTS IF NOT GIVEN UP, THEY
BECOME STRONGER
• IF INTERNAL OR/AND EXTERNAL
ENVIRONMENT HELPS DURING THIS
PROCESS, NEGATIVE THOUGHTS BECOME
VERY STRONG AND OVERPOWER POSITIVE
THOUGHTS
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38. POWER OF NEGATIVE THOUGHTS
• ONCE NEGATIVE THOUGHTS OVERPOWER
POSITIVE THOUGHTS, THEY LEAD TO
DISASTER TO ONE’S BODY AND MIND.
NEGATIVE THOUGHTS THEN CONTROL
TOTALLY ONE’S MIND
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39. CONSEQUENCES OF NEGATIVE
THINKING/THOUGHTS
• INDUCES SELF TALK
• ANGER
• FRUSTATION
• IRRITATION
• ANXIETY
• DEPRESSION
• STRESS
• DETERIORATION OF HEALTH
• LACK OF APPETITE AND EATING DISORDER
• LACK OF DEPREVITION
• NEGATIVE EMOTIONS
• NEGATIVE EVENTS
• WASTAGE OF TIME
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40. IT IS EXTREMELY DIFFICULT TO STOP
NEGATIVE THOUGHTS
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41. BUT IT IS RELATIVELY EASY TO
CONTROL NEGATIVE THOUGHTS SO
THAT THEY DO NOT BECOME
POWERFUL AND BEYOND CONTROL
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42. POSITIVE THINKING/THOUGHTS
• SELF POSITIVE ANALYSIS
• STRESS MANAGEMENT
• HEALTH BENEFITS
• INCREASES LIFE SPAN
• REDUCES DEPRESSION
• LOWERS DISTRESS
• GREATER RESISTANCE TO THE COMMON DISEASES
• BETTER PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL WELL-BEING
• REDUCES RISK OF DEATH FROM CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
• BETTER COPING SKILLS DURING HARDSHIPS AND TIMES OF
STRESS
• KEEPS ONE HAPPY
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43. WHY POSITIVE
THINKING/THOUGHTS?
• FOR STRESSLESS SITUATION
• FOR CONTROLLING ANGER
• FOR GETTING SATISFACTION
• FOR BEING HAPPY
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44. FOR POSITIVE THINKING/THOUGHTS
• IDENTIFY AREAS TO CHANGE
• CHECK YOURSELF
• ADOPT HUMOUR
• FOLLOW HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
• LIVE WITH POSITIVE PEOPLE
• PRACTICE POSITIVE SELF TALK
• PRACTICE POSITIVE THINKING
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45. • READ POSITIVE LITERATURE
• HAVE CONSTRUCTIVE THOUGHTS
• SMILE/LAUGH
• REMAIN WITH POSITIVE PEOPLE
• REMAIN COOL
• TAKE RESPONSIBILITY
• KEEP HELPING ATTITUDE AND HELP OTHERS
• ADOPT HABITS OF ENJOYMENT LIKE LISTENING
TO SINGS, PLAYING INSTRUMENTS, SINGING,
• EXPRESS YOUR FEELINGS
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46. POSITIVE THINKING/THOUGHTS
• BUILDS UP LEARNING AND SKILLS
• IMPROVES HEALTH
• IMPROVES PRODUCTIVITY
• IMPROVES EFFICIENCY
• INFUSE SENSE OF JOY, CONTENTMENT AND
LOVE
• CREATES HAPPINESS
• LEADS TO SUCCESS AND HAPPINESS
• MAKES GOOD RELATIONS
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47. FOR POSITIVE THOUGHTS
• ADOPT MEDITATION
• CREATIVE AND POSITIVE WRITING
• PLAY GAMES
• STAY WITH POSITIVE THINKING PERSONS
• KEEP CALM
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48. POSITIVE THOUGHTS
• INCREASE
– DETERMINATION
– WILL POWER
– CONFIDENCE
• REDUCE
– FEAR
• KEEP YOU HAPPY
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49. If you get negative
thinking/thoughts, chant any
“mantra” you like. It will change
your negative thinking and keep you
happy.
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50. dr k m soni, positive thinking 50
If you get negative
thinking/thoughts, listen
song/music you like. It will change
your negative thinking and keep you
happy.

51. dr k m soni, positive thinking 51
If you get negative
thinking/thoughts, share with
positive thinking persons or just talk
to your friend/family member you
trust. It will change your negative
thinking and keep you happy.

52. dr k m soni, positive thinking 52
If you get negative
thinking/thoughts, try meditation
or even yoga/exercise to keep away
negative thinking.

53. dr k m soni, positive thinking 53
If you get negative
thinking/thoughts, enjoy nature if
you like or similar spots you like. It
will change your negative thinking
and keep you happy.

54. dr k m soni, positive thinking 54
If you get negative
thinking/thoughts, read or write
something you like. It will change
your negative thinking and keep you
happy.

55. dr k m soni, positive thinking 55
If you get negative
thinking/thoughts, post something
positive on social sites or just read
the posts you like. It will change
your negative thinking and keep you
happy.

56. dr k m soni, positive thinking 56
If you get negative
thinking/thoughts, watch movie,
television serial, news or whatever
you like. It will change your negative
thinking and keep you away from
negative thoughts.

57. dr k m soni, positive thinking 57
If you get negative
thinking/thoughts, think something
else if you can and try to note down.
It will change your negative
thinking.

58. dr k m soni, positive thinking 58
In brief, if you get negative
thinking/thoughts, divert your mind
to something else on positive side
you like. It will change your negative
thinking and keep you happy.

59. AND REMEMBER “CHANGE”
• Change is the law of nature
• We are not same as were few years back and
will not be after few years so change is in us
also
• Everything is changing
SO ADOPT CHANGE FOR POSITIVE THINKING
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60. ADOPT POSITIVE THINKING TO
REMAIN HAPPY
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