1) Sweden has developed an "earner-carer" model of family policy since the 1970s with major reforms to parental leave, public daycare, taxation, and family law. 2) Key Swedish reforms include expanding paid parental leave to one year and allocating some of it specifically for fathers, expanding public daycare coverage, and individualizing the income tax system. 3) Family policies have emerged gradually in different directions in countries, influenced by economic pressures, politics, and views of gender roles. Long-term changes can be seen in the generosity of family policy benefits oriented towards dual-earners and carers.

1. Earn er- carer policies and outcomes: Sweden in comparative perspective Tommy Ferrarini Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI), Stockholm University

6. Family policy orientations in 18 countries, 1950

7. Family policy orientations in 18 countries, 2005

8. Family policy orientations in 18 countries, 2005

10. Female labour force participation rates in Sweden and 18 OECD-countries Source: OECD Female labour force participation (total and over 30 hours a week) in Sweden and 18 OECD countries (average) 1960-2005, women aged 15 to 64, in percent.

11. Men’s use of parental leave in Sweden Fathers' average share of all used days for parental leave and temporary parental leave for sick child

12. Child poverty in Nordic countries and 16 OECD-countries Poverty limit 50 percent of median equivalized disposable income. Source: LIS

13. Total Fertility Rate in Nordic countries, the EU and 18 OECD countries

16. Tommy Ferrarini Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI), Stockholm University