The document discusses the challenges facing global water management and agricultural production due to increasing population, changing diets, urbanization, and climate change. It notes that water scarcity already affects 1/3 of the world's population and will be exacerbated without improvements to water productivity. The document argues that increasing water productivity through better agricultural water management practices, upgrading rainfed systems, and improving irrigation infrastructure will be necessary to meet rising global food demand in a sustainable manner. Adaptive and integrated approaches that consider local context and political drivers are needed.