Whitby Feasibility Study final final 555 final final

Whitby Feasibility Study Group1 Team 2
Whitby feasibility Study
Group 1, Team 2
Alan Majeed
Edison Derrick Mugoya
Sabah Anwar Hamagareb
Khalid Al-Ahbabi
Suhayl Motara
12017553
12006149
12017737
11023194
12008545
Client: Coastal Development Consortium (CDC)

Executive Summary Report (Alan Majeed)
Team Two has been contracted by the Coastal Development Consortium (CDC) to
undertake feasibility study on the proposed regeneration and development of the harbour
zone of Whitby. A site investigation within the Whitby town and its environments illustrate
that there are conceivable ways of improving the harbour regions with numerous ideas that
can address the economic matters and other problems facing the town of Whitby. This report
demonstrates that the nominated options suggest adequate flexible designs to be
established that will address the complete requirements within affordable budget and
reasonable time.
This feasibility study is anticipated not only to let the town to carry on to flourish, but also to
blend in with the traditional values, historical characters that include both architectural
displays and memorials of the town. Additional attentions was given in this study that is
adapted towards certain considerations that include the restrictions of planning approval’s
such as; historical protections of archaeological artefacts, protected species of flora and
fauna, sustainability and energy sources along with environmental impact, exposure
conditions of materials used because of the predominant climatic conditions, transporting
materials with specific attention to Whitby’s traffic congestion and the detailed geology of
the area as well as the proposed sites.
At present Whitby town is facing many problems which have been measured from our study,
such as; coastal erosion and flooding, young population leaving Whitby and seeking better
life style, costly maintenance of the Swing Bridge, traffic congestion, current parking areas,
decreasing fishing and cargo industries, and the need to improve incomes all year round
from various sectors like tourism and leisure.
Matrix method was used in selecting different proposals through a series of parameters that
includes all the matters that has to accommodate the client specifications, to allow us chose
the most feasible and appropriate solutions after being critically evaluated and scored
against advantage and disadvantage measures.
The following developments have being proposed after taking account of Creating Revenue
for the CDC and making it economically sustainable with an improvement to tourist
attractions;
The report of the development has discussed Park and Ride Scheme, from choosing
of the location, size of facility in terms of the capacity, the environmental impact of the
development within a national park and the design that it blends in to its natural environment
as finest as is possible.
The total area of the site is 11.9 ha that makes it 119,000 m2
,located on south east side of
Whitby on Stainsacre lane (A171) leading to Scarborough, this location is only 1.1 miles
away from the high bridge and 1.7 mile away from Whitby town centre. A.M

The detailed designs for the provision of a 1785 space car park situated within the Park and
Ride site including 96 spaces for people with special needs and 11 spaces dedicated for
coaches. The site contains a large furnished waiting area for passengers with two separate
toilets for ladies and gents, two offices for stuff and drivers along with a shop/ café. A
transportation system was examined with possible routes and solution of small electrical
buses was decided because of speed and manoeuvrability purposes which would be a
problem with in a town of narrow road passageways.
A multifunctional building located on the endeavour wharf on the west side of the
river Esk on Langborne road with the total area of 9,487.89 m2
. The building will be
architecturally challenging as it will need to be the centre of the new development both
commercial and economical whilst retaining an aesthetically accepted design to the locals. It
is sustainable in operations, integrated with the environment and with a minimum effect on
the flora and fauna ecosystem.
The building contains Basement, ground floor, first and second floor and each floor will be
used for different purpose such as; educational and training, cinema, theatre, cyber café,
seminar rooms, museum gallery and temporary Exhibition and café shop.
For improving the harbour zone the first proposal is improving the main pontoon on
west side and extending the existing pontoons towards the high bridge in the south by
building 200 more moorings with platforms. The second part of the solution was building a
Boats-storage on the Langborne road beside river Esk, which is a safe building where the
boat owners could leave their boats for a long or short time and their boats will be locked
and stored, the building is also contain service and fuel station where the boats can be
repaired or topped up with fuel.
For the architectural compatibility reason the building shape is designed as an upside down
boat to make it more appealing to the area. The total area required for this proposal is one
acre of land. The storage capacity of this proposal is 70 small and 50 large boats, which
means another 120 free spaces created in the pontoon/marina area to be used by other
boats.
A new two leaf bascule bridge with a length of 118m having a single carriageway of
3m width and two pedestrian walkways of 3m width on each side will be built crossing
Endeavour Wharf adjoining church street on the west side of Whitby. Team two decided that
the swing bridge should undergo a full refurbishment and become a pedestrian only bridge
with installing benches, lighting, hanging flower baskets and other makeovers.
The report contains water sport activates proposal which attracts more tourism to
Whitby and creates more jobs for locals especially young people, also gives them an
opportunity to enjoy living in Whitby.
A.M

For providing more energy resources a new off shore wind farm would be an
excellent opportunity for Whitby and a particular location 15 km away from the coast was
chosen for this proposal with an estimated capacity of 500MW and the total area needed for
this off shore wind farm will be about 260 km2
.
The total cost for the above proposals has been estimated as £1,516,597,300
Method statements and risk assessments are provided for the safe construction of the
double bascule bridge and multi-function building including Gantts chart.
RECOMMENDATION
We recommend for development outside the Harbour zone based on some of the initial
considerations, we believe that a new canal proposal would be an alternative means of
indulging majority of the Whitby’s problems as picked up from the site Investigation and the
clients brief, after the above mentioned proposals have been implemented.
A.M

Table of Contents
Executive Summary Report (Alan Majeed)......................................................................................2
Table of Contents.................................................................................................................................5
List of Figures: ....................................................................................................................................10
List of Tables:......................................................................................................................................14
Site Investigation (Alan Majeed) ......................................................................................................15
Location and routes; ......................................................................................................................15
History of Whitby; ...........................................................................................................................15
Whitby’s Characters;......................................................................................................................16
Economic:....................................................................................................................................16
Tourism:.......................................................................................................................................17
Access Roads and Congestion;...............................................................................................19
Architecture .................................................................................................................................20
Ecology ........................................................................................................................................20
Whitby’s Geology: ......................................................................................................................21
Initial Consideration ...........................................................................................................................25
Onshore wind farm Service location (Alan Majeed)..................................................................25
Park and Ride (Alan Majeed) .......................................................................................................28
Water sports (Alan Majeed)..........................................................................................................29
Tidal Power Plant (Edison Derrick Mugoya) ..............................................................................31
Advantages and Disadvantages of using Tidal barrages: ...................................................31
Offshore Turbines...........................................................................................................................32
New East Cliff Interchange (Edison Derrick Mugoya) ..............................................................33
Proposed Canal (Edison Derrick Mugoya).................................................................................35
Bridges (Khalid Al-ahbabi) ............................................................................................................37
Leisure centre:................................................................................................................................42
Marina/Pontoon (Sabah Anwar Hamagareb).............................................................................44
Proposal 1 – Construction of fishing and sailing centre; ......................................................44
Proposal 2 – Repairs and Service Station for Marinas.........................................................45
Proposals 4 –Construct the new pontoon in East Pier.........................................................47
Summary to Initial Consideration (Edison Derrick Mugoya)....................................................51
Detailed Proposals.............................................................................................................................52
Traffic Congestion (Alan Majeed) ................................................................................................52
Introduction......................................................................................................................................52
Causes of congestion;...................................................................................................................52
Cars..............................................................................................................................................52

Buses or coaches;......................................................................................................................53
Railways.......................................................................................................................................53
Cycling/motorbikes;....................................................................................................................53
Visitors’ access;..........................................................................................................................53
Disabled access; ........................................................................................................................53
Narrow roads or streets and one way system; ......................................................................53
Lack of signs;..............................................................................................................................53
Parking Facilities: .......................................................................................................................53
Solution for reducing the traffic congestion:...............................................................................55
Rental bicycle scheme; .............................................................................................................55
Increasing in-town parking fees ...............................................................................................56
More yellow lines........................................................................................................................57
Digital parking signs...................................................................................................................57
Rising Bollard..............................................................................................................................58
Park and Ride:............................................................................................................................58
Existing Park and Ride Scheme ..............................................................................................58
Improving the existing Park and Ride .........................................................................................59
Why Park and Ride?..................................................................................................................60
Traffic Flow of Whitby and need of parking;...........................................................................61
Carbon/Environment..................................................................................................................63
Green Park and Ride:....................................................................................................................64
Location One;..............................................................................................................................64
Location Two;..............................................................................................................................65
Location Three;...........................................................................................................................67
Chosen site for P&R; .................................................................................................................69
Economic.....................................................................................................................................70
Site Design..................................................................................................................................70
Construction................................................................................................................................74
Why Grasscrete?........................................................................................................................74
Reduce flood risk........................................................................................................................76
Parking Capacity: .......................................................................................................................77
Landscaping................................................................................................................................78
P&R Bus Route Loop: ...............................................................................................................78
Electric Bus: ................................................................................................................................83
Time schedule.............................................................................................................................83
Fares ............................................................................................................................................84

Cost ..............................................................................................................................................84
Conclusion;......................................................................................................................................85
Endeavour Wharf Centre (Edison Derrick Mugoya) .................................................................87
Geology of the endeavour wharf centre location...................................................................87
Sustainable use of the structure ..............................................................................................90
Metric sizes .................................................................................................................................94
Method Statement (Edison Derrick Mugoya).............................................................................94
Clearing land for Development.................................................................................................95
Risk Assessment..........................................................................................................................104
BREEAM ASSESSMENT .......................................................................................................107
Summary to Endeavour Wharf Centre Proposal (Edison Derrick Mugoya)........................108
Detailed Proposal Tourist Attraction Water Sport) (Alan Majeed)........................................109
Fees;...........................................................................................................................................112
Coast;.........................................................................................................................................112
Summary; ..................................................................................................................................114
New Bridge Proposal (Khalid Al-Ahbabi)..................................................................................115
Swing Bridge:............................................................................................................................115
Site investigation: .....................................................................................................................116
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................116
New Bridge:...................................................................................................................................117
Materials ....................................................................................................................................118
Composite Steel:.....................................................................................................................118
Mastic Asphalt: .........................................................................................................................119
Concrete ....................................................................................................................................120
Paint & Plastic Fencing: ..........................................................................................................121
Geology..........................................................................................................................................122
Method statement for constructing the new bridge:............................................................123
Risk Assessment form:................................................................................................................125
Gantt chart: ...................................................................................................................................127
Matrix Form:..............................................................................................................................128
....................................................................................................................................................129
Flood Risk:.................................................................................................................................130
Transportation of materials:....................................................................................................130
Prices and costs:..........................................................................................................................130
Drawing:.....................................................................................................................................131
Recommendation:....................................................................................................................132

Environmental Impact Assessment (Alan Majeed) .................................................................133
Safety signs for and Pedestrian’s Walkway;........................................................................133
Access to bring materials;.......................................................................................................133
Materials Storage on construction phase;............................................................................133
Visual Disorder; ........................................................................................................................134
Reducing noise and vibration,................................................................................................134
Air Pollution;..............................................................................................................................134
Storm Water;.............................................................................................................................135
Local Ecology............................................................................................................................135
Archaeological Resources ......................................................................................................135
Waste;........................................................................................................................................135
Other measures that we take into account;..........................................................................135
Summary ...................................................................................................................................135
Pontoon/Marina & Boat Storage (Sabah Anwar Hamagereb)...............................................136
FLOODS....................................................................................................................................136
Planning.....................................................................................................................................136
Cause of flood...........................................................................................................................137
Whitby’s flood history...............................................................................................................137
Vulnerable are in Whitby;........................................................................................................137
Extend the main pontoon in West side .................................................................................138
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................139
Construct the Boats storage in West side; ...........................................................................139
Planning bar chart;...................................................................................................................140
Dredging Mud area and Siltation ...........................................................................................141
Foundation in the river;............................................................................................................141
Materials use;............................................................................................................................142
Sustainability.................................................................................................................................143
Flood risk .......................................................................................................................................143
Layout and structure;...............................................................................................................143
Pontoon design;........................................................................................................................144
Coast of Extension;..................................................................................................................144
Boats storage;...............................................................................................................................145
Materials Use;...........................................................................................................................147
Layout & structure;...................................................................................................................148
Typical dimensions of a dry storage rack;............................................................................148
Storage process; ......................................................................................................................150

Sustainability.............................................................................................................................151
Flood risk;..................................................................................................................................152
Traffic; ........................................................................................................................................152
Coast of construction;..............................................................................................................153
Introduction................................................................................................................................154
Onshore .....................................................................................................................................154
Offshore .....................................................................................................................................154
Do nothing .................................................................................................................................154
Outline of a Wind Turbine ...........................................................................................................155
Foundations...............................................................................................................................156
Mono piles:................................................................................................................................156
Jacket/tripod:.............................................................................................................................157
Gravity based:...........................................................................................................................158
Floating structures:...................................................................................................................158
Blades ........................................................................................................................................159
Outline of a Wind Farm ...........................................................................................................159
Potential sites for an offshore wind farm ..................................................................................160
Location one..............................................................................................................................160
Installation/construction...........................................................................................................165
Vessels.......................................................................................................................................165
Foundations...............................................................................................................................166
Cables........................................................................................................................................166
Operations & Maintenance .....................................................................................................169
Cost ............................................................................................................................................170
Environmental impacts of the wind farm...............................................................................170
Effect to sea bed: .....................................................................................................................170
Effects on marine life: ..............................................................................................................170
Effect on birds:..........................................................................................................................171
Effect on Land:..........................................................................................................................171
Effect on humans: ....................................................................................................................171
Summary .......................................................................................................................................172
Recommendation (Edison Derrick Mugoya) ................................................................................173
Reference..........................................................................................................................................176
Appendix A........................................................................................................................................180
Minutes and Progress Checks (Edison Derrick Mugoya) ......................................................180
GROUP1 (TEAM 2) |MINUTES .................................................................................................181

Action items.............................................................................................................................182
Action items.............................................................................................................................183
Action items.............................................................................................................................184
Action items.............................................................................................................................185
Action items.............................................................................................................................186
Action items.............................................................................................................................187
Action items.............................................................................................................................188
Action items.............................................................................................................................189
............................................................................................................................................................189
Action items.............................................................................................................................190
Action items.............................................................................................................................191
Action items.............................................................................................................................192
Action items.............................................................................................................................193
Appendix B........................................................................................................................................194
Matrix Forms for initial Consideration........................................................................................194
List of Figures:
Figure 1 river Esk going through Whitby (team camera)...................................................... 15
Figure 2 Parkol ship making site (team camera) ................................................................. 16
Figure 3 jet and alum (http://herb-magic.com)..................................................................... 16
Figure 4 The Abbey, St Stephen's Church and 199 Steps. (Team camera) ........................ 17
Figure 5 the piers and swing bridge when opened. (Team camera) .................................... 18
Figure 6 One way road and narrow streets.(Team camera) ................................................ 19
Figure 7 High bridge and the steam train. (Team camera) .................................................. 19
Figure 8 buildings in Whitby, photo taken from 199 steps.(Team camera) .......................... 20
Figure 9 effect of weather on steel. (Team camera) ............................................................ 20
Figure 10 vertical succession of Jurassic rocks in Whitby (student handbook).................... 21
Figure 11 Geological section through the Whitby harbour. (Student handbook) .................. 22
Figure 12 Contour map of Whitby. (Student handbook)....................................................... 23
Figure 13 bolts driven through some houses on Church Street. (Team camera)................. 24
Figure 14 Seamen’s Hospital (team camera) ...................................................................... 24
Figure 15 Tate hill sand....................................................................................................... 25
Figure 16 Lower Parking Area............................................................................................. 26
Figure 17 Endeavour Wharf ................................................................................................ 27
Figure 18 Endeavoure Wharf service.................................................................................. 27
Figure 19 Map of Whitby..................................................................................................... 28
Figure 20 Park & Ride location............................................................................................ 28
Figure 21 School Location .................................................................................................. 29
Figure 22 Water sport activities www.evergladesjetpackadventures.com............................ 30
Figure 23 Tidal power Plant ................................................................................................ 32

Figure 24 Offshore Turbines ............................................................................................... 33
Figure 25 Rail Links Whitby-Middlesbrough, Whitby-Scarborough ...................................... 34
Figure 26 Railway links ....................................................................................................... 35
Figure 27 Canal .................................................................................................................. 36
Figure 28 Swing Bridge (Top view of the Swing Bridge)...................................................... 37
Figure 29 Location of the new Bridge.................................................................................. 38
Figure 30 New Train Station................................................................................................ 40
Figure 31 Cycling routes ..................................................................................................... 41
Figure 32 Map from google showing the duration (around 2 hours) From Whitby to
Scarborough) ...................................................................................................................... 42
Figure 33 Proposal site for leisure centre............................................................................ 42
Figure 34 Ariel view of the leisure centre............................................................................. 43
Figure 35 Image location for fishing and sailing centre........................................................ 44
Figure 36 Purposed location for Repairs and Service station .............................................. 45
Figure 37 East Side pontoon, proposed for repairs and service station............................... 45
Figure 38 East side pontoon, purposed for construct new pontoon in upper harbour .......... 46
Figure 39 New Pontoon ...................................................................................................... 46
Figure 40 New Pontoon ...................................................................................................... 47
Figure 41 Map of New Pontoon........................................................................................... 47
Figure 42 Extend Area ........................................................................................................ 48
Figure 43 West Side Pontoon ............................................................................................. 49
Figure 44 Google map of New Boat Storage....................................................................... 50
Figure 45 Aquarium ............................................................................................................ 51
Figure 48 mixing traffic on the swing bridge, Halloween 2014.( Whitby Gazette Facebook
page) .................................................................................................................................. 52
Figure 49 Parking space in Whitby (http://en.parkopedia.co.uk/)......................................... 54
Figure 50 London bike rental (http://www.nileguide.com) .................................................... 55
Figure 51 Amsterdam cycling image
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/activityandadventure/9986271/Cycling-to-Amsterdam.html
........................................................................................................................................... 56
Figure 52 road only for cycling (http://planyourcity.net) ....................................................... 56
Figure 53 to show the double yellow line (http://www.gethampshire.co.uk .......................... 57
Figure 54 Digital parking sign.............................................................................................. 57
Figure 55 Rising Bollard (http://adexdoorsystems.adexgroup.org) ...................................... 58
Figure 56 Location of the existing Park and ride Whitby and proposed site (Digimap )........ 59
Figure 57 A171Guisborough Road average monthly flow ................................................... 63
Figure 58 A171 Stainsacre Lane average monthly flow....................................................... 63
Figure 59 Effect of P&R on A171 inbound summer flow...................................................... 64
Figure 60 Location one.(https://mapsengine.google.com)................................................... 64
Figure 61 Total area of location one.(https://mapsengine.google.com) ............................... 65
Figure 62 Existing P&R. (https://mapsengine.google.com).................................................. 65
Figure 63 Figure () Location Two (https://mapsengine.google.com).................................... 66
Figure 64 Total area of location two.(https://mapsengine.google.com)................................ 66
Figure 65 School close to location two. (https://mapsengine.google.com)........................... 67
Figure 66 Location Three. (https://mapsengine.google.com)............................................... 67
Figure 67 planning Application for proposed P&R site found on
(http://planning.northyorkmoors.org.uk/Northgate/PlanningExplorer/NewMap.aspx ............ 68
Figure 68 North York Moors National Park
http://planning.northyorkmoors.org.uk/Northgate/PlanningExplorer/NewMap.aspx ............. 68
Figure 69 proposed site within the national park.
http://planning.northyorkmoors.org.uk/Northgate/PlanningExplorer/NewMap.aspx ............. 70

Figure 70 AutoCAD drawing of P&R. .................................................................................. 71
Figure 71 separate exit & entry shown for cars, coaches and P&R buses........................... 72
Figure 72 pedestrian’s walkway and Pay & Display machines. ........................................... 72
Figure 73 hedges, ponds and disabled parking shown........................................................ 73
Figure 74 different facilities shown ...................................................................................... 73
Figure 75............................................................................................................................. 75
Figure 76............................................................................................................................. 75
Figure 77 self-drainage of Grasscrete. http://www.externalworksindex.co.uk ...................... 75
Figure 78 Parking design standard...................................................................................... 77
Figure 79 Borough of Charnwood Local Plan, 2004 - Page 196.......................................... 77
Figure 80 Journey one; Green P&R to Whalebone Arche. .................................................. 79
Figure 81 Map of Green P&R route..................................................................................... 79
Figure 82 Journey Two; Whalebone Arche to Green P&R................................................... 81
Figure 83 distance and duration for Whitby Abby service shown......................................... 82
Figure 84 Map of Green P&R route to Whitby Abbey only................................................... 82
Figure 85 Electric Bus......................................................................................................... 83
Figure 86 Green Park & Ride Construction Gantts Chart (with total of 207 days)................ 86
Figure 87 Construction site area ......................................................................................... 87
Figure 88 Overall geology of Whitby area at a map scale of 1:5000 (digimap reference,
2014) .................................................................................................................................. 88
Figure 89 Good example of basement design..................................................................... 90
Figure 90 Proposal design for the endeavour wharf centre (AutoCAD drawing, 2104) ........ 91
Figure 91 Conceptual drawing of the endeavour wharf (AutoCAD drawing)........................ 92
Figure 92 Tracked excavator (internet Reference) .............................................................. 95
Figure 93 Figure 7 Gantts Chart On the different construction Operations .......................... 97
Figure 94 The Drills used for Bored piles (http://www.heavyequipment.com/heavy-
equipment/excavation-trenching.) ....................................................................................... 98
Figure 95 Crane used for lifting (Internet, reference 2014) .................................................. 99
Figure 96demography of Whitby town in 2009(http://www.surreyi.gov.uk)......................... 109
Figure 97 Jet Ski (www.evergladesjetpackadventures.com)............................................. 110
Figure 98 3D proposed location for platform ..................................................................... 110
Figure 99moveable floating platform (http://www.ecvv.com).............................................. 111
Figure 100Figure () Water sport activities www.evergladesjetpackadventures.com .......... 111
Figure 101 Canoeing, kayaking and Raft building for families
(http://www.balawatersports.com) ..................................................................................... 112
Figure 102 Swing Bridge Group camera ........................................................................... 115
Figure 103 showing the maximum amount of weight Group camera ................................. 117
Figure 104 Location of the New Bridge ............................................................................. 118
Figure 105 Mastic Asphalt (http://www.berkshiremacadams.co.uk/sma.htm) .................... 120
Figure 106 Plan view of Piers............................................................................................ 121
Figure 107 Graph for Gantt chart ...................................................................................... 127
Figure 108 Figure (), image of Whitby’s flood,(www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk)........................... 136
Figure 109Multiple Shipwreck by West Pier in 1880,Khyber Pass, Whitby, North Yorkshire
YO21, UK/1880................................................................................................................. 137
Figure 110Flood risk area(Google map)............................................................................ 138
Figure 111 image of West Side pontoon (group camera) .................................................. 139
Figure 112 image of West Side pontoon, proposed location of new boats storage (Google
Map) ................................................................................................................................. 140
Figure 113 planning bar chart for Extend West Side pontoon............................................ 140
Figure 114 image of dredging process (wmplanthire.co.uk/excavator) .............................. 141
Figure 115 image of driven pile process (gerkegroupen.blogspot.co.uk)........................... 142

Figure 116 section of floating roof (gal8.piclab.us/key/double ........................................... 142
Figure 117 image sample of berth design (www.seattlepi.com)......................................... 144
Figure 118 image of Boats Storage (www.northwestmarinas.com/en/marinaseca/indoor-
storage)............................................................................................................................. 145
Figure 119 Purposed location for new Boats Storage (Google map)................................. 146
Figure 120 image of West Side pontoon, proposed location of new boats storage (Google
Map) ................................................................................................................................. 146
Figure 121 planning bar chart for construct new Boats Storage ........................................ 148
Figure 122 image drawing of inside boats storage, (www.sprinklermatic.net/pictures/Boat-
Storage)............................................................................................................................ 149
Figure 123, casting of concrete slabs and foundation of boats storage,(pubs.ext.vt.edu
&cogriasia.com/cold-store-floors)...................................................................................... 150
Figure 124 Boats storage process, (http://www.bembridgeboatstorage.co.uk/) ................. 151
Figure 125 outside Boats Storage, (http://www.crownsteelbuildings.ca............................. 151
Figure 126 solar panel and natural light, (www.homefarmequestriancentre.co.uk)............ 152
Figure 127 North Yorks National Park.org......................................................................... 154
Figure 128 Location of Whitby in relation to Dogger Bank (http://www.offshorewind.biz.... 155
Figure 129 Wind Turbine Components (http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk......................... 156
Figure 130 Jacket foundation (http://www.4coffshore.com) ............................................... 157
Figure 131 Gravity Based Foundation (http://www.4coffshore.com).................................. 158
Figure 132 Floating structures (http://www.ewea.org) ....................................................... 159
Figure 133 Siemens Aero-elastically designed blade
(http://www.energy.siemens.com/hq/en/renewable-energy/wind-power/wind-turbine-
technology/blades)............................................................................................................ 159
Figure 134 Outline of a Wind Farm (
http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/Documents/MSc_2012/Sarkar.pdf)....................................... 160
Figure 135 Distance from shore to location one with water depth ..................................... 160
Figure 136 Teesside Wind Farm (http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/local-news/claim-
counter-claim-over-redcar-offshore-3675862) ................................................................... 161
Figure 137 distance from shore to location two with water depth ...................................... 162
Figure 138 UK shipping densities
(https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/317770/1066.
pdf) ................................................................................................................................... 163
Figure 139 Bedrock off Whitby Coast
(http://www.maremap.ac.uk/view/search/searchMaps.html.)............................................. 164
Figure 140 Seabed sediment off Whitby Coast
Figure 141 Seabed sediment off Whitby Coast
Figure 142 ViciVentus foundation design (http://www.4coffshore.com/windfarms/gravity-
based-support-structures-aid274.html).............................................................................. 166
Figure 143 Cost comparison between AC/DC
(http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/Documents/MSc_2012/Sarkar.pdf)...................................... 167
Figure 144 Whitby Substation Location (http://wikimapia.org/26137604/Whitby-Substation)
......................................................................................................................................... 168
Figure 145 Location for transition pit (http://digimap.edina.ac.uk/digimap/home)............... 168
Figure 146 A Cross section of recommended Canal ........................................................ 173
Figure 147 A Plan view of the entrance to water Treatment Plant via Canal ..................... 174

List of Tables:
Table 1 levels of deposits and their dimensions. (Student handbook) ................................. 23
Table 2 Number of vehicles using A171 Guisborough Road to Whitby................................ 61
Table 3 Number of vehicles using A171 Scarborough Road to Whitby................................ 61
Table 4 Number of vehicles using A174 Sandsend Road to Whitby.................................... 62
Table 5................................................................................................................................ 62
Table 6 Whitby’s flood zones Planning Policy Guidance 25 (PPG25) for development and
flood risk ............................................................................................................................. 69
Table 7 Construction of P&R............................................................................................... 74
Table 8 Green P&R Time Schedule .................................................................................... 84
Table 9 Park and Ride Fares .............................................................................................. 84
Table 10 BH110 GL ............................................................................................................ 88
Table 11 BH 111................................................................................................................. 88
Table 12 The ultimate tensile strength, elongation and modulus of various plastics
(http://www.matweb.com/)................................................................................................... 92
Table 13 Taken from calcrete computer learning package the fine aggregate grading table.
........................................................................................................................................... 93
Table 14 list of rebar’s and their tensile strength taken from http://www.rebar-info.com/ ..... 94
Table 15 Unit Price ............................................................................................................. 99
Table 16 Cost Factors of Processing ................................................................................ 102
Table 17 Risk Assessment................................................................................................ 104
Table 18 Risk Assessment Sheet...................................................................................... 105
Table 19 Matrix Form........................................................................................................ 113
Table 20 carbon footprint (http:// www.steelconstruction.org/resources/sustainability/carbon-
footprints-structures.html#) ............................................................................................... 119
Table 21 Borehole............................................................................................................. 122
Table 22 Method Statement.............................................................................................. 123
Table 23 Risk Assessment Sheet...................................................................................... 125
Table 25 flood risk zone (Planning Policy Guidance 25).................................................... 136
Table 26 Flood Risk&Flood Zone...................................................................................... 143
Table 27flood risk zone (Planning Policy Guidance 25)..................................................... 152

Site Investigation (Alan Majeed)
Location and routes;
Whitby is a small coastal town in the north east of England between Middlesbrough to the
North and Scarborough to the South surrounded by a national park. The river Esk runs
through the centre of Whitby and feeds in to the North Sea resulting in an east and west cliff.
The town has road links across the moors to Pickering, 20 miles inland, also to Guisborough/
Middlesbrough to the north. A coastal route links Whitby to coastal towns to the north and
south and the only roads that allow access to Whitby through the national park are the A171
and the A169. Rail access is also limited with most trains having to go through
Middlesbrough and the limited service of the steam train through Pickering and Grossmont
and access by boat however is always possible.
Figure 1 river Esk going through Whitby (team camera)
History of Whitby;
Whitby was established under its Old English name of Streonshal in 656, when Oswy, the
Christian king of Northumbria in 657, built Whitby Abbey. The Synod of Whitby was held
here in 664. Later in 867, the abbey was destroyed by Viking attackers and in 1078 was re-
founded. It was in this period that the town gained its current name, ‘Whitby’ till the16th
century it has remained as a fishing town accommodating around 300 people. For the last
500 years it had been a significant town because of its coastal connection with other coastal
cities. In 1615, coal was transported to Whitby from Newcastle and after that shipping
industry was constructed in Whitby. By the end of 1906, Whitby was the sixth port of Britain
and it was building around 130 ships yearly.
A.M

Whitby’s Characters;
Economic:
Whitby has had an incredibly successful boat building, fishing and whaling industries which
have all gone in decline in the few decades and Parkol is the only company that still carries
Whitby’s boat building legacy.
Figure 2 Parkol ship making site (team camera)
In the late-medieval period in Whitby, Alum was the main important product, used
internationally, in curing leather, fixing dyes for cloths and for medicinal uses. Whitby grew
significantly as a port as a result of the transport of alum and coal.
The Romans mined jet extensively, and Whitby jet was at the highest of its popularity in the
mid-19th century, particularly after it was favoured as mourning jewellery by Victoria the
Queen.
Figure 3 jet and alum (http://herb-magic.com)
Whitby was known for the production of potash mining. It is here that the expertise and
resources of international corporations have joint in a multi-million pound project to extract
and refine potash salts from a seam more than 1100 metres below the surface A.M

Tourism:
Currently the tourism industry is the main industry in Whitby and it has become a tourist
destination due to its historical nature with many people visiting annually, staying in hotels,
guesthouses and at caravan sites.
The following spots are the main tourist attractions;
 The Abbey which is a National Heritage.
 St Stephen's Church with its graveyard
 199 steps approach
Figure 4 The Abbey, St Stephen's Church and 199 Steps. (Team camera)
 The Swing Bridge
 The Whalebones and Cooks statue
 Whitby’s Museum A.M
 Captain Cook’s Museums

 The two Piers and Beaches
 The harbour area where fishing boats can still be seen
 The historic Streets and town centre
 The elegant West Cliff area
Figure 5 the piers and swing bridge when opened. (Team camera)
A.M

Access Roads and Congestion;
Access within Whitby is also restricted. Being such an old town many of the buildings are
listed and Whitby is part of a conservation area. This has meant many parts of Whitby being
almost stuck in time. One way roads and narrow cobbled streets in the town centre with
shops that instantly take you back in time are what bring tourists from around the world.
However this results in heavily congested roads during the tourist season.
Figure 6 One way road and narrow streets.(Team camera)
There are currently two crossings over the river. The swing bridge; a pedestrian and Vehicle
Bridge and the New Bridge. The swing bridge, built in 1909, could possibly have been the
cause for the decline in the boating industry as it hugely restricted boat access. In addition
due to its age, constant traffic loads and its repetitive swinging motion over time it has
become a major maintenance liability. The bridge also contributes to congestion on the
roads as it has to open to let boats pass resulting in cars and pedestrians wanting to cross
the bridge have to wait. During the busy tourist season this will be a great liability to
pedestrians as the footpaths are very narrow. The eroded paint may have an effect on the
river ecology. However this bridge is a local land mark and when speaking with residents
they expressed they would not want it removed or replaced.
A.M
Figure 7 High bridge and the steam train. (Team camera)
The west side has access via road although roads are narrow. This means there is more
scope for development on this side. Developing the beach on the east side has been heavily

restricted due to a lack of vehicular access. Providing access would mean taking down
buildings which would have an impact on the historical value of Whitby so this option would
not be possible.
Architecture
The buildings in the Whitby mostly date back to the 18th
and 19th
century and don’t have a
height greater than 3-4 floors. Many are listed buildings and can’t be touched. Therefore
proposals for any structures will have to be compatible with the rest of the architecture in the
area.
Figure 8 buildings in Whitby, photo taken from 199 steps.(Team camera)
Ecology:
Being a coastal town Whitby is a harsh environment. Strong winds and chemical attacks
have meant the cliffs have corroded away over time and this corrosion continues to pose a
threat. Manmade structures are also affected by the same factors which mean they have to
be continuously maintained. Steel structures and concrete with steel reinforcement are
especially prone to this. Structures have to be repainted regularly to be maintained.
Figure 9 effect of weather on steel. (Team camera)
Also inevitably as with any coastal town there is a flood risk. Currently there are streams
along the river to allow excess water to overflow therefore minimise flooding. However there
was a recent flooding which resulted in many properties being damaged. This kind of
flooding is predicted every 50 years but has potential to be more frequent due to climate
change. Other methods employed are placing sand bags at the base of vulnerable buildings.
A.M

The river has other complications as deposits are carried and dumped meaning it has to be
dredged regularly In order for it to maintain an acceptable depth to prevent flooding. This is
costly and any alternative does not seem feasible. A weir on the south of the new bridge
would only mean deposits get stuck at the weir location and will have to be dredged from
that point.
Whitby’s Geology:
Whitby is situated on the grid reference NZ 89822 10815. The harbour is located at the
mouth of the river Esk meeting the North Sea which has a unique strata rock cliff. The
headlands of the coast were created during the flandrian transgression over 18,000 years
ago during the last ice age. The sedimentary rock of the coastline contains fossils and
organic remains said to have been formed during the Jurassic period about 201-145million
years ago.
This period was cut into three sections lower, middle and upper Jurassic period. The rock
types formed in the upper Jurassic period about 190 million years ago such as grey shale,
mulgrave
A.M
Figure 10 vertical succession of Jurassic rocks in Whitby (student handbook)

shale and alum shale make up Whitby’s mudstone. Alum Shale can be found on the cliff
base close to the beach level and go up to 5metres. The next rock layer that overlay this is
Dogger, Saltwick, Eller Beck and Cloughton Formations and above this lays Devensian Till.
The west cliff valley rises to a plateau of approximately 40m AOD. The valley sides are in
sections of superficial deposits. There have been some attempts to protect the rock cliff on
the west such as sea wall defences and rock armour as the hotel Metropole is a key
development on the cliff. The subsequent reclamation and waterside construction has
degraded the land of the upper harbour since the 19th
and 20th
centuries. The uncontrolled
manner of development and lack of documentation has resulted in a dangerous and highly
costly cliff side.
The Harbour area is a site under consideration for our feasibility study normally considered
as part of the Esk valley which extends from the new bridge south of the Whitby down
towards the mouth that includes the swing bridge.
The general geology of Whitby area is comprised of glacial, fluvio-glacial and estuarine
sediments overlying sedimentary rocks of lower and middle Jurassic periods. The formations
of sedimentary rock is over time when successive layers of deposition is laid on top of each
other and the build-up of pressure accumulates and cementation of the particles form a hard
and cohesive solid mass that has horizontal lines of the different layers. Tectonic activity
may have caused some folding or lateral pressures that form bedding planes that aren’t
always horizontal.
A.M
Figure 11 Geological section through the Whitby harbour. (Student handbook)

As shown above in Whitby area is underlain by rocks of upper lias; these in turn then
supports rocks of the lower and middle Jurassic periods. These rocks, along with those from
the surrounding areas have folded into the form of a basin with the centre at Larpool near to
the new road bridge as shown below.
In the harbour and adjacent areas all the rock structures dip towards the south at an angle of
3°, this dip lets us safely assume that the sea cliff dips inlands at approximately 3° to the
horizontal at the headlands it’s easy to observe this. When studying the sedimentary rock
layers on the headland we can clearly see the levels of deposits and measure their
dimensions as shown in the table below.
AM
Table 1 levels of deposits and their dimensions. (Student handbook)
Rock Era Approximation thickness (m)
Upper Deltaic Series Middle Jurassic 60
Scarborough Beds (marine) Middle Jurassic 10
Middle Deltaic Series Middle Jurassic 60
Ellerbeck Bed (Marine) Middle Jurassic 5
Lower Deltaic Series Middle Jurassic 30
The Dogger (marine) Upper Lias (Lower Jurassic) 0-2
Alum Shale (Marine)
Overlaying a succession of
similar shale’s.
Upper Lias (Lower Jurassic) extensive
A.M
Figure 12 Contour map of Whitby. (Student handbook)

As a result of failure in ground conditions we witnessed some buildings had settled on one
side and other buildings had bolts driven through them to prevent this kind of failure as show
in the figure below.
Figure 13 bolts driven through some houses on Church Street. (Team camera)
However many buildings have stood the test of time such as the Whitby Seamen’s Hospital
Houses which was built in 1675 and still exists today. This is because they were built with
huge care.
Figure 14 Seamen’s Hospital (team camera)
A.M

Initial Consideration
Onshore wind farm Service location (Alan Majeed)
Figure 15 Tate hill sand
Advantages of this location;
 It has quite large area to build the platform or berthing pontoon to be used as an
embarkation point for staff and equipment on the offshore wind farm vessels working
on the proposed Dogger Bank offshore wind farm project.
 Very close to the mouth of the piers, easy and quick entrance to the sea
 Very large area in the right hand side of it, which could be used by the vessels or
ships without blocking or disrupting the boats route in to the lower harbour.
 No problems with the swing bridge as this location is far away from it.
 No need for depending on the tides because this particular location is always filled
with water and deep enough for the vessels.
 It creates more jobs for locals.
Disadvantages;
 By using this location we will affect the tourism, because it is a great sandy point
which is used by the tourists during summer time.
 Lots of properties or business beyond the Tate hill sand needs to be relocated, in
Whitby this is almost impossible.
 There are no major roads behind this location need to be used for transferring the
goods from the land to the embarkation, this means rerouting Church Street, Tate
hill round about and Henrietta, possibly removing some of the properties on those
streets as well. Again is this possible in Whitby?
A.M

 Disturbing or blocking the beautiful view of lower harbour and the sea by constructing
such a site, no doubt this will affect the tourism in Whitby.
 It will be a massive costly project, with a hassle to get the plan permission.
 The lower parking area of Langhorne Road in the marina in west cliff side;
Figure 16 Lower Parking Area
Advantages;
 A large parking location which could be used to construct the embarkation for the
vessels.
 Almost traffic free location in the river Esk and away from the small boats in the
marina.
 Very close to the town centre and the new high bridge, also easy access if rerouting
or constructing new roads possible.
 River Esk could be used as the source of transportation to transfer the goods to the
embarkation (which is cheap and environmentally friendly transportation).
 Close to the rail ways if used for transportation.
 It creates more jobs for locals.
Disadvantages;
 Possibly the River Esk is not deep enough at this location to handle big ships or
vessels.
 Most of the times you have to depends on the tides.
 Rerouting Langhorne Road might not be possible in order to getting in to this
location.
 Relocation of pontoons in Marina Boatyards and Railway Cottages.
A.M

 Endeavour wharf :
Figure 17 Endeavour Wharf
The plan permission for this particular location is already in process according to local
authority;
‘‘Whitby Harbour Board has issued an early information about a tender for early planning of
Endeavour Wharf reconstruction works in Whitby Harbour, which would be used to support
Dogger Bank offshore wind farm development.
This may include the construction of a berthing pontoon to be used as an embarkation point
for staff and equipment on the offshore wind farm vessels working on the proposed Dogger
Bank offshore wind farm project.
The pontoon would be constructed at right angles to Endeavour Wharf. It is expected that
Whitby will be used as the operation and maintenance base of the wind farm’s development.
Whitby is the closest serviceable port to the offshore wind farm and is able to offer
maintenance ships 24-hour access to the North Sea.
Last month, local authorities notified that they’re in an official negotiation with an operator of
wind farm service vessels to use the port for the Dogger Bank project’’.
A.M
Figure 18 Endeavoure Wharf service

Park and Ride (Alan Majeed)
The most suitable location for park and ride is the farmland on Stainsacre Lane (A171)
towards Hawsker village;
Figure 19 Map of Whitby
Figure 20 Park & Ride location
Advantages;
 No major road works or rerouting need to be done as this location is already on one
of the major road of Whitby (A171).
 Easy access to new high bridge and very close to it.
 No relocation or removing of any properties or business needed, because in all four
direction of this land no properties or business seems to be seen.
 It creates more jobs for locals. A.M

 Providing more parking spaces.
 Partially fix traffic congestion in Whitby.
 Easy access to this location from east & West cliff, also from Scarborough.
 Relatively large area (approx. 24000m2
)
 Redirecting part of the traffic to Eastcliffe and solve traffic congestion in Westcliffe.
Disadvantages;
 It could create some traffics in eastcliffe side, but that’s solvable.
 We might have to reroute some of the roads, but we could always avoid that.
Location. 2 Park& Ride;
The reason for not choosing this location is simply because there two schools close by and
also too close to the residential area and we have to change the road and possibly putting a
roundabout.
Water sports (Alan Majeed)
Improving tourism
For improving tourism in Whitby I propose the followings;
The water sports industry has seen big changes over the past decade, people enjoying
these types of adventures particularly during their special events such as birthdays,
anniversaries or summer holidays. Whitby as a coastal town lacks of these type of activities
in particular and north Yorkshire in general, at the same time Whitby geographically has all
what these activities needs from the beach to river and hills and areas surround by trees.
A.M
Figure 21 School Location

Figure 22 Water sport activities www.evergladesjetpackadventures.com
The suitable location for this proposal is the West pier;
Advantages;
 Attract more tourists to Whitby.
 Create more jobs for locals.
 More activities for young people in the area.
 Also possibility of more small business on west pier (i.e snack van, ice cream
van…etc)
Disadvantages;
 This could be seasonal only.
A.M

Tidal Power Plant (Edison Derrick Mugoya)
Tidal energy is a form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into useful forms of
power, mainly electricity. It is currently one of the most exciting emerging forms of renewable
energy that will prove to be sustainable for port cities such as Whitby. The UK is currently
the undisputed global leader in marine energy, with more wave and tidal stream devices
installed than the rest of the world combined. Intermittency is a problem for wind, wave and
solar power as the sun doesn’t always shine and the wind doesn’t always blow. These
sources of renewable energy often require backup from traditional forms of power
generation. However tides are much easier to predict as on average Whitby’s North Sea
receives about two high tides a day making it highly attractive for grid management,
removing the need for a back-up generator plant powered by fossil fuels. These turbines are
installed on the seabed at locations with high tidal current velocities, or strong continuous
ocean currents where they extract energy from the flowing water.
Advantages and Disadvantages of using Tidal barrages:
A major drawback of tidal power stations is that they can only generate when the tide is
flowing in or out - in other words, only for 10 hours each day. However, tides are totally
predictable, so we can plan to have other power stations generating at those times when the
tidal station is out of action. Also it may prove to be hazardous to the environment as fish
and other living creatures may tend to be sucked in with the tide towards the turbines. This
may cause blockages and may damage the turbines. In a location such as Whitby harbour it
may be costly to operate as a constant flow of ships in and out of the harbour may disrupt
the production of energy! This may be overcome by placing warning signs when the tide is
high and the flow of water through the turbines is sufficient enough to generate electricity.
Another disadvantage would be the amount of energy required to open and close the
barrages on request is greater than the power output produced by the generator. Figure 2
below show an ideal location to place a tidal barrage in Whitby’s harbour zone.
Figure 1 shows a rotary dam-like structure; can be place
at the mouth of river Esk at the tip of the lower harbour
where by the full force of the tide is most effective.
When the tide goes in and out, the water flows through
tunnels in the dam. The ebb and flow of the tides can be
used to turn a turbine, or it can be used to push air
through a pipe, which then turns a turbine. Large lock
gates, like the ones used on canals, allow ships to pass.
During operation, the force of the tidal flow in Whitby’s
harbour is equivalent to a 345 mph wind generating 100
tonnes of thrust on the turbines. The unique design
of tidal turbines allows capture of the maximum amount
of tidal energy whilst keeping maintenance and
connectivity costs low. (www.darvill.clara.net).
E.D.M

Figure 23 Tidal power Plant
Above you can see the red marking to indicate the tidal barrages and its connections to the
tidal power plant located just outside the harbour area. This is an ideal location to place a
power plant, if placed any further the energy loss of the transportation of electric energy from
the generators to the plant would be too high. This resistance in the connection will reduce
the output power by a factor of 5% for every 100m of cables.
Offshore Turbines
Offshore turbines would have a more sufficient and cost-effective manner of converting the
energy from tide into usable energy rather like an underwater wind farm. This has the
advantage of being much cheaper to build, and does not have the environmental problems
that a tidal barrage would bring. Offshore turbine like SeaGen S consists of twin power trains
mounted on a crossbeam. The cross beam can be raised above the water for routine
maintenance by winching it up the monopole support structure. SeaGen S is suitable for
marine environments in water depths up to 38 metres and achieves rated power in tidal
currents of greater than 2.4m/s (www.marineturbines.com).
Some advantages of offshore turbines vs onshore windmills are that the rotors of the
offshore turbines are exposed to higher forces under water. Water is 832 times denser than
air, tidal turbine rotors can be much smaller than wind turbine rotors thus they can be
deployed much closer together and still generate the equivalent amounts of electricity
generated by an entire windmill.
E.D.M

Figure 24 Offshore Turbines
The offshore designs of the SeaGen S models are different to other devices in a number of
ways. The most significant is that it is a direct drive, where the blades are connected directly
to the electrical generator without a gearbox between. This is more efficient and there is no
gearbox to go wrong. Another difference is that it uses a "gravity base", a large concrete
block to hold it to the seabed, rather than drilling into the seabed. Finally, the blades are
fixed pitch, rather than actively controlled; this is again to design out components that could
be unreliable (Marine Current Turbines, 2014). In addition to helping reduce carbon
emissions, the tidal energy sector can bring significant economic benefits. Tidal energy has
the potential to power 15 million homes, save 70 million tonnes of carbon and create 16,000
jobs in the UK alone.
New East Cliff Interchange (Edison Derrick Mugoya)
There is currently only one major railway station in Whitby, this interchange used to provide
the city with another means of transportation for commercial and passengers from
Middlesbrough. However to date only one out of the four original railway tracks is functional
to this interchange, it is the old stem train that runs on it. This train is slow, thus making it
insufficient to modern use. The rail route runs through Whitby’s river Esk valley and is now a
limited passenger service. Over the tourist peak season delays and congestion arise as a
result of its inability to transport passengers of a great number quickly and efficiently in and
out of Whitby area. These delays further increase the number of people within Whitby during
these seasons making it a less attractive means of travel. A trip from Middlesbrough takes
roughly one and a half hours. Although the stem train is considered vintage and the locals
see it as a tourist attraction; the growth of car ownership in the last fifty years has since
exponential doubled and this has caused a great fall in railway transport. These statistics
have had a considerable consequence on Whitby and its tourism sector. Figure 4 below
E.D.M

shows the current railway routes to Whitby from north Middlesbrough and south
Scarborough.
Figure 25 Rail Links Whitby-Middlesbrough, Whitby-Scarborough
Advantages and Disadvantages of a new east cliff Interchange
This will provide Whitby with new functioning railway tracks that will improve the public
transportation into Whitby centre thus reducing congestion cause by car traffic. This is an
alternative method to added park and rides as the reduction of passenger vehicles will be
marginally better during peak tourism seasons. It will also increase tourism as the
accessibility of the town increase, with two interchanges this will be more convenient and will
increase the income in Whitby. IT will also create more jobs within and around it so it has a
direct economic benefit to the unemployment sector. As Coaches come in this will also
reduce the delays and hold ups of tourists improving the long term momentum of cash flow
as the local authorities attempt to finance the project the income generated by the additional
coach drop off points. Figure 5 shows a proposed allocation of the new east cliff interchange
marked in red lines Ruswarp Station across river Esk to the site.
E.D.M

Figure 26 Railway links
Proposed Canal (Edison Derrick Mugoya)
Parkol Marine Engineering Ltd is a company located in Whitby’s upper harbour that is one of
the remaining shipbuilding firms on this stretch of coastline. Lately it has suffered a decline in
work due to the inaccessible link through Whitby’s harbour. Delays in their projects have
significant impacts on the company’s ability import and export their products. Ships from the
North Sea struggle to maneuverer safely through the harbour. The swing bridge produces
another obstacle when it comes to the size of the cargo thus increasing the cost of imports
as multiple imports are required. The depth of the harbour is sufficient only when it comes to
small/medium ships, the company is forced not to expand as a result of this. Modern Clients
are looking to invest a lot of money to get their ships bigger! A deeper and larger canal may
be the solution to this and many of Whitby’s economic, social and employment issues. The
introduction of a new canal out into Saltwick hole will reduce flooding as the source of the
canal can be traced back to the river and act as a channel to redirect the river flow when the
river overflows its banks. The existing culvert has created a small stream down towards
Spite Vale; this can then be channelled into the canal providing another extraction point for
the river. Figure 6 below shows the proposed canal route and its connection to the main
river Esk. It is about 100m across providing enough space for large ships and yachts. It will
also pose as another tourist attraction with pontoons and marinas within it. Along the canal
new planned development can be placed such as residential houses for the increased
population of wealth class that wish to have access to their ships like the one found in the
upper harbour currently. Although development of the residence in the upper harbour was
designed well to include a high raise platform with a car park on ground floor in cases of
flooding the functionality of the pontoons relay on the high tides this canal proposal has
considered this factor.
E.D.M

Figure 27 Canal
Advantage and Disadvantages of the proposed Canal
The main advantage to canals is the ease of shipping goods. Water transport is the
cheapest, compared to rail and road. Particularly before the roads and rails of today, bulk
goods could be shipped at up to 20 times more cheaply than the alternative. The downside
is that canals require significant manpower to build and maintain (very costly) and boats
travel slowly. They also only work in areas that are reasonably flat. They are also susceptible
to flooding, droughts, freezing, and other natural occurrences. Although transportation and
movement is made easier people will have to lose their land to the government to make it
happen (www.nycanals.com).
E.D.M

Bridges (Khalid Al-ahbabi)
Prevent the vehicles from accessing the swing (only pedestrian) is a consideration, these are
some advantages and disadvantages:
Advantages:
 The pedestrian will feel safer to walk over the bridge
 There will be no loads caused by the vehicles
 There will be no accidents due to vehicles
 The cost of maintenance will drop
Disadvantages:
 Major roads in Whitby will be closed
 The congestion will increase in other parts of Whitby
 High level bridge will be jammed with traffic
 It will be very difficult to cross the town
Demolishing the Swing Bridge and build a new replica with a single carriageway lane is a
consideration.
Advantages:
 Allow the traffic to flow through the town
 East access for supply goods
 Long lasting life span
 There will be no major maintenance
 Pedestrian will feel safer
Figure 28 Swing Bridge (Top view of the Swing Bridge)
K.A

Disadvantages:
 Demolishing a heritage bridge is very difficult solution
 The cost of building the bridge is too high
 The congestion will increase in the town
 Tourist rate will drop due to demolish the swing bridge
One of the considerations also I have include is building a new bridge which just behind the
information center that crosses the river Esk to and lands just behind captain Cook museum
on a parking area.
Advantages:
 Some of the loads rerouted from the swing bridge
 More space for the pedestrian to cross the river
 If the machines on the swing bridge brake down which happed once a week the other
vehicle could use the new bridge.
Disadvantages:
 The cost of the new bridge will be too high
 Most of the problems in the swing bridge will stay the same due to vehicles
 Traffic will get faster into the city
 Cost of construction the roads to the bridge
 The space for parking will be taken due to the roads
This is the final proposal to replace or improve the swing bridge, which is constructing a new
bridge in the area shown in the picture below with one lane carriageway going and coming at
the same time. Also increase the foot path space on each side for the pedestrian. When the
bridge is complete the swing bridge will be closed preventing the vehicles from using the
bridge and allow only the pedestrian and the cycles to use the bridge. All the roads on each
Figure 29 Location of the new Bridge
K.A

side of the town will be rerouted to the new bridge and the existing road will only pedestrians
and supply truck.
Advantages:
 The swing bridge will not suffer a constant load from the vehicles
 There will be no accidents due to vehicles will not be allowed on the bridge
 Most of the local people advise us to choose this proposal
 The pedestrian will feel safer while crossing the bridge (more space will be provided)
 Cycle will be satisfied crossing the bridge
 Tourists rate will increase due to the swing bridge are safer and risk assessment
level will drop
 Local people will pleased due to swing bridge will to be demolished
 Maintenance rate will drop and the cost will also decrease
Disadvantages:
 Congestion will increase due to increase one lane additional on the bridge
 Parking space will be reduced in the town due to the road to the new bridge
 Cost of building a new bridge will affect the council
 Congestion will increase due to insufficient number of parking area
 It we damage the landscape of the town centre
Reduce the congestion in the city:
I have noticed as a group that Whitby town lack the experience in dealing with the
congestion, this is due to all the transportation methods is available in the town but there are
not using them, for example the sea, the river Esk, the train station and cycling. These are
the main transportation methods that Whitby town is not using efficiently. I will now consider
some proposals that might affect the congestion in Whitby.
K A

Figure 30 New Train Station
Building a new train station on the other side of the Whitby.
Advantages:
 Most of the people coming from Scarborough, York and Bridlington will use the trains
to travel to save cost and time.
 Easier access to Whitby which will increase the tourist rates
 Less parking area will be need due to people coming by trains
 Whitby economy grow due to the increase rate of tourists
 Parking areas can be used to solve the problems in Whitby
Disadvantage:
 The cost of the project is too high
 Require huge amount of land
 Whitby is heritage town, therefore it’s very difficult to build inside the town centre area
 Some of the train rail ways will cut through the national park
The second proposal is to refurbish the old train station, which has only two platforms
directed to Middlesbrough only. The idea is to insert two extra platforms which can be
directed to York and Scarborough.
Advantages:
 The cost is not going to be as high as building a new train station
 The local people will be satisfied because there will be no major change in Whitby
town
 People from York and Scarborough will have a direct train to Whitby town
 Less amount of cars is going to be used
K A

Disadvantages
 Land might be an issue due to the rail ways
 The cost might be over budget
 It might affect Middlesbrough economy due to all the trains before where directed to
the city which they are benefiting from
The third proposal is encouraging the local people and the towns nearby to use cycles
instead of using the cars to get to Whitby.
(Map from Google which is showing the duration (around 3 hours) of the cycles from
Middlesbrough to Whitby)
Advantages:
 It will not cost the council any amount
 People to Whitby will be more healthier
 Reduce the carbon dioxide emission due to the cars
 Parking space will be reduced
Disadvantages:
 Not all of the people know how to ride bicycles
 Most of the cyclist depend heavily on the weather
 All the roads will have to be designed to allow bicycles to on them
Figure 31 Cycling routes
K.A

Leisure centre:
I have noticed in Whitby there are no young generation, therefore the group have ask some
of the locals about this matter and most of them came up with the same answer which is, all
the youngsters finish their school and travel outside the town ether to find a suitable job or
complete their education. I have come up with an idea to provide the suitable environment
for the young generation and will attract even more tourism. Basically it is building a leisure
centre that is next to the new park and ride that contain a bowling alley, Gym, couple of
restaurants and gaming hall.
Figure 33 Proposal site for leisure centre
K.A
Figure 32 Map from google showing the duration (around 2 hours) From Whitby to Scarborough)

K A
Figure 34 Ariel view of the leisure centre

Marina/Pontoon (Sabah Anwar Hamagareb)
Leading off the site investigation, we took note of the main issues regarding the degradation
of the Marina area and made recommendation to improve and re-develop the harbour area
to help the locals and to also attract more tourists. As noticed in the demography of Whitby;
it has expanded lot during last few decades, existing facilities can’t be provided to all people
and tourist demand, to solve these issues we decide several proposal for marina/pontoon.
Proposal 1 – Construction of fishing and sailing centre;
The fishing and sailing centre in Whitby will be a complete training and teaching place for
whom ever wants to gain more knowledge regarding operations within the marina whistle
providing such facilities for marine activities and hobbies. Also covered in the endeavour
wharf centre proposal, the location is shown in figure:
Figure 35 Image location for fishing and sailing centre
Advantages:
 More people and boats owners receive more training.
 Encourage more boat owners to become member to the club with its facilities
 Ease of access from roads and walking distance from pontoon
 The centre will introduce Whitby’s tradition to other area
 The centre encourage more local resident to develop and create marine business
 Create more jobs
Disadvantage:
 Causing more congesting to harbour area
 Close to Existing Marine
 Need open water place for training
 Most of local people are experience in marine use
S.A.H

Proposal 2 – Repairs and Service Station for Marinas
The maintenance and repairs for the boats has a high priority when it comes to the
development of the marina in all coastal regions. Repairs and services isn’t doesn’t rely on a
permanent location for to provide fuel facilities for boat owners along the Esk River.
Figure 36 Purposed location for Repairs and Service station
Figure 37 East Side pontoon, proposed for repairs and service station
Advantages:
 Repair station will be in Upper harbour, to provide better and quick service
S.A.H

 The station will provide a fuel to boat owners close to the marina
 Ease of access for boat owners and yachts in Upper harbour area
 The station will create a permanent job for mechanic and other staff
 Improve that area to park more boat
Disadvantage;
 Location is in east cliff side, there’s no car close park
 High siltation is cause difficulty during high flow in the river
Proposals 3 – Construct the new Pontoon in the Upper Harbour
The location is in Upper Harbour provide more mooring for boats for local people and tourist
Figure 38 East side pontoon, purposed for construct new pontoon in upper harbour
Figure 39 New Pontoon
S A H
Advantages
 Water and electricity are provide
S.A.H

 Car park provide
 Access to the pontoon will have a security gate and monitor camera provide
 Need small budget
Disadvantages
 Esks river cause huge amount of siltation in Upper Harbour
 Close to flood gate rescue
 Cause more congestion
Proposals 4 –Construct the new pontoon in East Pier
The East pier area in Lowe harbour has lot of space to construct a new pontoon next to East
pier as shown in the figure:
Figure 40 New Pontoon
The East Cliff is facing a huge corrosion process in past, to decrease that issue and improve
that area construct a new pontoon can help to reduce that problem,
Figure 41 Map of New Pontoon
S.A.H

Advantages
 The east pier side is getting worse every year since decade need more improve and
protect
 Construct new pontoons will encourage more boat owners come to the Whitby.
 Attractive image to East Cliff for tourist
 The location need huge amount of dredging
Disadvantage
 Block sand beach during summer time
 The base of the area is hard Shale not easy to drainage to deeper
 During extreme weather the strong waves are effecting that side
Proposal -5- Extend West side pontoon;
Extending the existing pontoon in that particular location improves mooring facility.
Figure 42 Extend Area
S.A.H

Figure 43 West Side Pontoon
Advantages
 Water and electricity are provide
 Car park is provide
 The pontoon has a security gate
 Access to mooring bays are available all around year
Disadvantages
 River flow cause rapid siltation
 Reduce river access width
Proposal -6- Construct new Boats Storage;
The facilities at the new construct storages are used to store and service of boats purpose;
S.A.H

Figure 44 Google map of New Boat Storage
Advantages;
 Next to car park
 Convenient for boats/yachts owner with ease of access
 Friendly environment
 Encourage more tourists, visitors (boats) to come to the town.
 With additional facilities to the boat’s owner such as repairs, refuel and maintenance
will generate more revenue for the town.
Disadvantage;
 River flow cause rapid siltation
 Location is in mud area
 Reduce river access width
Proposals 7-Aquarium;
Aquarium is a home for various marine lives; we proposed to be close to the river, the
proposed of the project is across 3 floors, underwater floor and two ground floor on land with
own outdoor balcony with views overlooking the Esk River. The project will be Upper
Harbour in West Cliff next to the Information centre shown in Figure:
S.A.H

Figure 45 Aquarium
Advantages:
 Attracting more tourists out of tourist season.
 Create more jobs for local community especially for the youth.
 Can use as a centre for education and school trip during different season.
 The Location is close to sea side and car park, that allowing easy access for visiting.
 Forms large revenue stream, for the Whitby.
 Can extend to open a marine museum in future.
Disadvantage:
 The town is small, without tourist visiting isn’t easy to open all around year.
 Whitby is too close to Scarborough, which has a popular aquarium centre.
 Planning permission process to any project in Harbour area is required long
investigation.
Summary to Initial Consideration (Edison Derrick Mugoya)
We conclude this section of the project having listed the design criteria and some
alternatives solutions to the site visit to Whitby. We have made some considerations towards
a more critical appraisal of the whole feasibility study and have designed a matrix to ease
our decision on the progress of this study. This Matrix takes into account the advantages
and Disadvantages of each initial consideration by each team member that has been helpful
in narrowing down our selection towards a viable solution to the problems encountered
during our site investigation of the Whitby harbour area. The next section of the project will
take upon a more detailed approach for possible development and new river crossing for a
highway traffic and/or pedestrian traffic within the harbour zone as we come towards a single
viable solution. E D M
S.A.H

Detailed Proposals
Traffic Congestion (Alan Majeed)
Introduction;
The purpose of this section of the feasibility study is to deliver solutions to the existing traffic
congestion of Whitby. The lack of parking spaces in town is one of the major issues. The
traffic congestion is not only affecting the visitors but also possessing enormous social
impact onto the livelihoods of peoples who live in the town. The traffic congestion is pushing
away business and investments from the town which could have lift up the local economy, at
the same time traffic congestions and too many vehicles in the small town like Whitby is
affecting the air quality of the town and will have impact on the health of the locals.
Causes of congestion;
Cars;
The major cause of traffic in Whitby is cars, especially during the peak times, bank holidays
or any other events which attract visitors to Whitby. Congestion occurs particularly from both
sides of the swing bridge causing long queue when the bridge is opening for boats to get
through, or it could be caused by too many pedestrians on the swing bridge due to narrow
pavement so the vehicles miss their allocated green time whilst they wait for pedestrians to
move off the road.
A.M
Figure 46 mixing traffic on the swing bridge, Halloween 2014.( Whitby Gazette Facebook
page)

Whitby Feasibility Study final final 555 final final

Whitby Feasibility Study final final 555 final final

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