Tree diagrams in English Grammar.

1. TREE DIAGRAMS
Nadir Emanuel Ocampo
2019

2. Grammar is a set of rules for
constructing and analyzing
sentences and their constituents.
This latter process is known as
parsing.

3. The best way to give a clear
picture of the relation between
the constituents in a sentence is
the TREE DIAGRAM

4. RANK Scale
Sentence
Clause
Phrase
Word
Largest Unit of
Language
Unit of grammar
that consists of a
subject and a verb.
It’s a complete
thought
A phrase is a group
of words that
stand together as
a single unit,
typically as part of
a clause
A single distinct
meaningful
element of speech
or writing.
N, V, Adj, Adv, P

5. Gladys seemed grumpy recently.
W W WW
Ph Ph Ph Ph
Cl
S
TREE DIAGRAM

6. 1. Main Clause (M.C)  The cat is all red
2. Subordinate Clause (Sub.C)  …because he fell
into the paint bucket
• Relative Clause (RC)  …who is a good neighbour
• Noun Clause (NC)  …what she’s done
• Adverbial Clause(PP)  …when she was drunk
CLASSES OF CLAUSES

7. Noun Phrase (NP)  the blue car (in the lot)
Adjective Phrase (AdjP)  very pretty
Adverb Phrase (AdvP)  too slowly
Verb Phrase (VP)  has done
Prepositional Phrase (PP)  in the big house
CLASSES OF PHRASES
(Det.) (M) H (M)
(M) H
(M) H
(Aux.) H
P (det) (M) N

8. Aunt Gladys has seemed rather grumpy just recently.
NP VP AdjP AdvP
M.Cl
S
TREE DIAGRAM E.G. 1
Aux M MM H H H H

9. He did his homework because he’s very responsible.
NP VP Cj AdjP
M.Cl
S
TREE DIAGRAM E.G. 2
M N MN H H H H
Sub. Fin. Cl
NP NP VP

10. Subject = NP
Predicator = VP
Complements = NP, AdjP
Objects = NP
Adverbial = NP, AdvP, PP
CLASES within the clause

11. He did his homework because he’s very responsible.
NP VP Cj AdjP
M.Cl
S
TREE DIAGRAM E.G. 1
M N MN H H H H
Sub. Fin. Cl
NP NP VP
S V dO AR
S V Sc

12. She made the house pretty again because she is an interior decorator.
NP VP AdvP NP
M.Cl
S
TREE DIAGRAM E.G. 2
M H MH H H H H
Sub. Fin. Cl
NP NP VP
S V dO AR
S V Sc
AdjP Cj
H H H
Oc AT