3. Roadway Delineators-
Roadway delineators are intended to
provide visual aids to drivers concerning the
alignment of the road, especially at night. They
are effective in locations where the horizontal
and vertical geometry change and during severe
weather conditions such as rain, fog or snow.
Generally, delineators are reflectorized for
better visibility during night.
6. Hazard Markers-
Hazard markers
are intended to define
obstructions like guard-
rails and abutments
adjacent to the
carriageway.
7.
8. Object Markers-
object markers are used to indicate hazards
and obstructions within the vehicle path for
example channelizing islands close to the
intersections.
Typical applications are in the following
location:
I. Traffic islands at approaches to intersections.
II. Around periphery of rotary islands.
III. On far side of T-junctions and street dead-
ends.
9.
10. Speed Breaker-
Speed breakers, also known as speed
control humps, are commonly used on private
access roads and near schools and universities
in urban situations. They are to be disfavoured
on through roads since they are dangerous to
the vehicles.
11.
12. Rumble strips-
Speed breakers are sometimes
hazardous, in spite of the precautions taken
in their safe design and construction. Some
authorities do not favour them, especially
on main roads. As a substitute, rumble
strips, which are corrugated surfaces
producing noise and a physical sensation
on the steering, are provided. The driver
gets alerted due to these sensations.
13.
14. Guard Rails-
Guard rails are needed for guiding
pedestrians to subways, footbridges and surface
crossings and for preventing them from spilling
in to the carriageway.
guard rails, should be set back 500 mm
from the kerb to give enough clearance to
passing vehicles.
15.
16.
17. Safety Barriers-
Safety barriers for motor-traffic are
intended to prevent vehicles accidentally leaving
the highway. Typical locations are approaches to
bridges and high embankments. They are
designed to with stand the impact of a vehicle
and deflect the same inwards.
18.
19. Barricades and Channelisers-
Barricades and Channelisers are required
by controlling and diverting traffic on
construction zones and temporary diversions.
20.
21. Litter Bins-
Litter Bins are needed for collecting the
waste thrown away by the road users. A design
showing a pole-mounted litter bin is given.
