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Goat Health Around Kidding Time
- 1. Goat Health around Kidding Time Chris Buschbeck Markdale Veterinary Services
- 2. Goat Health around Kidding Time • • • • • • • Preparation for kidding time Abortions Hypocalcemia/pregnancy toxemia Prolapses Dystocia Hypothermia Mastitis
- 3. Breeding • • • • • Kidding starts at breeding Preparation of the does Selection of the buck Buck to Doe ratio Tight season = concentrated kidding
- 4. Gestation • Implantation and placentation – 30 days that determine kidding success • Development • Growth
- 7. Vaccination • Clostridial Vaccine (Tetanus, Pulpy Kidney, Enterotoxemia) EVERYONE, ALWAYS, NO EXCEPTIONS Vaccinate kids at 3 and 4 month of age and booster annually before kidding • Caseous Lymphadenitis can be combined with clostridial vaccination • Chlamydia abortion as needed, no cat vaccines
- 8. Supplies • • • • • • • Gloves Lubricant Thermometer Feeding tube Ketamalt/Glycol Dextrose Selenium
- 9. Abortion in Goat Herds • Abortion rates in an unaffected herd –< 2% • Abortion storm – 15 to 70% pregnancies affected –Often clustered in time • Endemic infection – 5 to 7% –Mistaken as “normal”
- 10. Abortion • Infectious or non-infectious (stress/I/Se) • Chlamydia – 100d+, mummies, weak/stillborn, thick placenta, vaccine, zoonotic • Q-Fever – abortion, stillbirth, weak, zoonotic • Toxoplasmosis – protozoan, cats/rodents, resorption, mummies,weak/stillborn, zoonotic
- 11. Chlamydophila abortus • How does it present? – Fresh abortions – Severe placentitis – Stillbirths – Weak kids – Increase # of open females – Bloody tails
- 12. C. abortus • If infected late in pregnancy – Will abort next gestation • If infected as kids – Will abort at first gestation • No natural immunity until abort • Recovered animals do not abort again but may be carriers
- 13. Toxoplasmosis • Cats get infected by eating infected rodents/birds/infected material • Pass oocysts for up to 2 weeks • Last up to 18 months and contaminate feed and pasture • Infection leads to immunity • If pregnant at the time, fetus and placenta get infected • Mummies, abortions • Stillbirth, weak kids
- 14. Toxoplasmosis Control • • • • • Control cats Protect feed Control rodents Addition of Deccox to ration Immunity before pregnancy difficult to achieve consistently Vaccine in Europe
- 15. Q-Fever (Coxiellosis) • Severe placentitis • Abortions – fresh – Failure to dilate cervix – Ruptured uterus • Stillbirth • Weak kids – May present as higher than expected stillbirth, neonatal mortality problem
- 16. Diagnosis • Submit fetus and placenta for diagnosis – as fresh as possible and as many as possible • ZOONOTIC – infects people • wear gloves and dispose materials wash thoroughly pregnant women at risk
- 17. Ketosis/Hypocalcemia • • • • • • • Pre/post kidding “Pregnancy Toxemia” Calcium and energy Ketamalt/Glycol Calcium borogluconate Energy density in ration Vitamin/mineral balance
- 18. Kidding Problems • • • • • Prolapse – Vagina or Uterus Malpresentation Fetal-Maternal Disproportion Ringwomb Twisted Uterus
- 19. Kidding solutions • Lube and patience • 30-30-30 rule • Process kids after birth = strip, dip, sip, selenium • Investigate herd problems early
- 20. Kid Survival • • • • • Colostrum More colostrum Proper bonding or Adjusting to feeder Shelter
- 21. Hypothermia/Starvation • Number 1 kid killer • Need to know age and temperature • Cut-off points 6 hours 37oC brown fat digestive function • Above 37oC – stomach tube and warm
- 22. Hypothermia treatment • Under 6 hours – warm to at least 37oC, then feed milk • Over 6 hours 1- give intra-peritoneal glucose 2- warm to at least 37oC 3- feed milk
- 23. Mastitis • • • • • Infection of the mammary gland Clinical-subclinical Acute-chronic Contagious-environmental Secondary to other disease Caseous, CAE
- 24. Udder health management • Eliminate existing infection • Prevent new infection • Monitor udder health dry off Therapy culling records
- 25. Record Keeping • Individual permanent animal ID – eartag, tattoo • Write it down – NOW • Paper vs computer records Health, Treatments Breeding Production • Use the records to analyze your operation
- 26. Questions?