This document provides information on various types of liquid organic manures including panchagavya, beejamruth, jeevamruth, sanjeevani, kunapajala, amritpani, sasyagavya, vermiwash, and seaweed extract. It describes the ingredients and preparation process for each type of manure. It also includes details on the nutrient content, microbial populations, and recommended applications for many of the manures. The document concludes by listing some of the economic, social, crop productivity, soil-related, and environmental advantages of using liquid organic manures.
2. • UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE
S BEGALURU
• COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE HASSAN
• TOPIC : PREPARATION OF LIQUID MANUR
• THEIR QUALITY AND USE IN ORGANIC FORMING2
3. Liquid Organic Manures
3
Liquid organic manures are products
obtained from the fermentation and/or
decomposition of organic matter such
as crop residues, animal dung, urine
and other plant material.
Liquid organic manures provides
nutrients for the plants and can work
as a pest control.
.
5. Cow dung 7 kg
Cow ghee 1 kg
Cow Urine 10 lit.
Water 10 liters
Cow milk 3 liters
Cow curd 2 liters
Jaggery 3 kg
Banana – 12 nos.
Mix cow dung and cow ghee.
Keep it for 3 days.
After 3 days add cow urine and water to this.
Keep it for 15 days with regular mixing both in
evening and morning
After 15 days mix the cow milk, cow curd, jaggery
and banana.
Close the mouth of drum.
Stir twice a day.
Panchagavya will be ready after 30 days.
Preparation of Panchagavya
5
6. Spray system
3% solution was found to be most effective compared to the
higher and lower concentrations investigated.
Flow system
The solution of panchagavya can be mixed with irrigation
water at 50 liters per hectare either through drip irrigation or
flow irrigation.
Seed/seedling treatment
3% solution of panchagavya can be used to soak the seeds or
dip the seedlings before planting. Soaking for 20 minutes is
sufficient.
Seed storage
3% of panchagavya solution can be used to dip the seeds
before drying and storing them.
Application of Panchagavya
6
7. Cow dung 10 kg
Cowurine 10 litre
Live frost soil 1 kg
Water 200 liter
Mix up properly.
Keep it for fermentation for 6-8 days.
Jeevamruth
• Stir the solution regularly twice a day.
• Jaggery 2 kg
• Apply when ground is wet for planting.
• Pulse grain floor 2 kg
• Use atleast once every month.
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500 litre is required for 1 ha.
Can also be applied along with irrigation
water.
8. Take 5 kg cow dung in cotton cloth and
dip in water.
Take one liter water and add 50 gm lime
in it, let it stable for a night.
Separate the solid portion of cow dung by
squeezing it.
Add 5 liter cow urine, 1 liter lime water,
50 gram sajiv soil and 20 liter water.
Keep this mixture for 12-16 hrs.
Filter it and use for seed treatment.
For transplanting put the roots in
beejamruta for some time before planting.
Cow dung 5 kg
Lime 100 g
Cow urine 5 liter
Sajiv soil 50 g
Water 20 liter
Beejamruta
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9. Parameter Panchagavya Beejamruth Jeevamruth
pH 6.82 8.20 7.07
EC (dSm-1) 1.88 5.50 3.40
Total Nitrogen (ppm) 1000 40 770
Total Phosphorus (ppm) 175.40 155.30 166
Total Potassium (ppm) 194.10 252 126
Total Zinc (ppm) 1.27 2.96 4.29
Total Copper (ppm) 0.38 0.52 1.58
Total Iron (ppm) 29.71 15.35 28.20
Total Manganese (ppm) 1.84 3.32 10.7
Bacteria (cfu ml-1) 26.10x105 15.40x105 19.70x105
Fungi (cfu ml-1) 18x103 10.50x103 13.40x103
Actinomycetes (cfu ml-1) 4.20x103 6.80x103 3.50x103
N2 fixers (cfuml-1) 2.70x102 3.10x102 4.60x102
Phosphate solubilizers (cfu ml-1) 5.70x102 2.70x102 4.20x102
Source: Gore and Sreenivasa (2011)
Nutrient status and Microbial Population of Panchagavya, Beejamruth and Jeevamruth
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10. Cow dung
Cow urine
Water
•Mix these ingredients in the
ratio of 1:1:2 in an earthen pot.
•Keep it for fermentation for 7-9
days.
•Stir twice a day.
It can be used in 2 varieties
Beeja Sanjeevani
• This is 20% aqueous solution of sanjeevani.
• Planting material dipped, dried and planted.
• 2-3 liters solution is required for 1 kg seeds.
• Enriches the seeds to provide nutrients and
growth promoting hormones during initial
growth.
Poudha Sanjeevani
• This is 5% and 10% solution of sanjeevani.
• 5% is sprayed at initial stages up to 30 DAS
• 10% is sprayed at later growth stages.
• It can also be mixed in irrigation water.
• 40 liters of 5% solution is requires for 1
acre.
Sanjeevani
10
11. Water 5 liter
Animal flesh/fish
waste-1 kg
Milk 1 liter
Ghee 1 kg
Honey 0.5 kg
Cow urine 1 liter
Flesh should be boiled in water.
After boiling transfer to an earthen pot.
Add all ingredients to this.
Add 5 liter hot water.
Close the mouth of pot with cotton cloth.
Mix the content every day.
After 14 days filter the contents.
Use kunapajala in the ratio of 1:10 with water.
It can be used on any plant at any stage.
Kunnapa (smelling like dead body) + Jala (water/liquid)
Kunapajala
11
12. Sasyagavya
• Fresh cow dung
• Cow urine
• Chopped organic wa
ste Water
12
• Mix these ingredients in the ratio of
1:1:1:2.
• Allow to ferment for 10-12 days.
• Stir twice a day.
Usage
• 5% aqueous solution up to 30 days
of germination
• 10% aqueous solution 30 days
after germination.
13. Cow dung 10 kg.
500 g honey.
Mix up thoroughly to form a creamy paste.
Add 200 g desi ghee and mix at high speed.
Dilute with 200 liters of water.
Sprinkle this suspension in one acre over soil or
use with irrigation water.
Amritpaani
13
14. Parameter Sasyagavya Sanjeevani Kunapajala
pH 5.32-7.78 7.2-7.5 7.69
EC (dSm-1) 1.78 3.5 4.01
Available Nitrogen (%) 0.083-0.086 0.045-0.056 0.022-0.025
Available Phosphorus (%) 0.013 0.0032-0.0077 0.0015-0.0061
Available Potassium (%) 0.113-0.118 0.062-0.088 0.0022-0.0024
Azotobactor (cfu ml-1) 5.12x1011 2x108 1.28x1011
Azospirillum (cfu ml-1) 4.66x109 2x108 3.74x1010
PSB (cfu ml-1) 4.66x109 18x108 6.22x1010
Pseudomonas (cfu ml-1) 3.04x1010 5x108 5.8x1010
Rhizobium (cfu ml-1) 1.82x1010 15x108 2.08x1011
Nutrient status and Microbial Population of Sasyagavya, Sanjeevani and Kunapajala
Source: Anonymous(2011)14
15. Vermiwash
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Vermiwash
• Prepared from the heavy population of
earthworms reared in earthen pots or
plastic drums.
• Contains vitamins, micronutrients,
hormones and other substances helpful
for growth, quality and yield of plants.
16. • Big earthen pot/plastic drum with a tap fitted to the
bottom placed in the shade.
• Laid out concrete or red sand 5 cm in the bottom.
• 30-40 cm thick layer of soft kitchen waste or 10
days old dung filled in the pot.
• Introduce 500-1000 earthwarms in the pot.
• An earthen pot with the minute hole in the bottom
hanged over the pot after 15 days of inoculation.
• After 2-5 days extract collected in the
earthen pot from the tap is called vermiwash.
Preparation of Vermiwash
16
17. Spray system
Vermiwash is diluted in water 5 times and sprayed on the
foliage of crops.
Flow system
Vermiwash can be mixed with irrigation water at 50 litres per
hectare either through drip irrigation or flow irrigation.
Seed/seedling treatment
The seedlings before transplanting are dipped in vermiwash
solution which is diluted 5 times with water for 15-20 minutes
and then transplanted.
Application of Vermiwash
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18. Parameter Vermiwash
pH 7.11
OC (%) 0.18
Total Nitrogen (%) 0.02
Available phosphate (ppm) 48.86
Total Potassium (ppm) 245.67
Total Ca (ppm) 192.4
Total Mg (ppm) 142.53
Total Mn (ppm) 0.04
Total Fe (ppm) 2.21
Total Cu (ppm) 0.35
Total Zn (ppm) 0.03
Physio-chemical properties of vermiwash
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Biochemical constituents
(µg ml-1)
Indole acetic acid Gibberellic acid Total humic acid
CLV 0.52-1.15 0.23-1.61 100-142
Microbial population
(cfu ml-1)
Phosphate
solubilizers
Free living nitrogen
fixers
Pseudomonas
CLV 2x102 15x102 8x102
Source: Ansari and Sukhraj (2010)
Biochemical and microbiological properties of coconut leaf vermiwash
Source: Gopal et al. (2010)
19. Seaweed Extract
19
• Seaweeds are the plants especially
marine algae growing in the sea, lakes,
and large wetlands, like the rockweeds,
kelps, sea lettuce, and dulses.
• Liquid extracts derived from marine
algae is known as seaweed extract.
• Used as foliar spray, application to soil
and for soaking of seeds before sowing
Benefits
It enhances the germination
Increases uptake of plant nutrient
Give resistance to frost and fungal dise
20. Physical parameters
Colour Green
Chemical parameters
Total Nitrogen (%) 0.45-0.70
Total Phosphorus (%) 0.007-0.01
Potassium (%) 1.60-2.10
Magnesium (%) 0.06-0.07
Copper (ppm) 7-11
Manganese (ppm) 6-9
Zinc (ppm) 19-25
Iron (ppm) 100-160
Growth hormones
IAA(ppm) 25.14
Cytokinin (ppm) 9.2
Gibberellins (ppm) 27.11
Physio-chemical and hormone analysis of liquid extract of seaweed
Kappaphycus alverzii
20 Source: Reddy et al. (2009)
Kappaphycus
alverzii
21. 21
Advantages of Liquid Organic Manures
Economic Advantages
Social Advantages
Crop productivity Advantage
Soil related Advantage
Environmental Advantage
22. THANK YOU
SUBMITTED TO;
Dr. S.T. Bhairappanavar
Dr. R. Jayaramaiah
Dr. Pramod .G.
Dr. B.T. Naveenkumar
SUBMITTED BY;
Supriya .M.E.
ALH5075
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